短文改錯l'm
發(fā)布時間:2017-02-05 來源: 短文摘抄 點擊： 
短文改錯l'm篇一：短文改錯
短文改錯
高考英語短文改錯題要求考生判斷一篇短文中十行(自1995年以來)文字是否有錯，如果有錯誤就將其改正。此題型旨在測試考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷并改正短文中錯誤的能力，以及考查考生準確運用詞法、句法、行文邏輯等的綜合能力。
本題型側重考查考生的詞匯和語法基礎知識，但并不是單純的知識檢測，而是考查考生在閱讀的過程中運用語法知識解決實際問題的能力。
縱觀近幾年高考短文改錯，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其設題方式比較固定：正確為1個，多詞或缺詞共計3個，錯詞為6個，其比例為1：3:6。
下面引用近幾年的高考題來分析一下此題的三種錯誤類型：多詞、缺詞和錯詞。
一、多詞
1.多冠詞
(l)Suddenly,I caught a sight of my English teacherin the crowd.
【解析lsight是不可數(shù)名詞，且catch sight of是固定搭配，意為“看見”。
(2) For e】cample, when l was a child, the rain was amystery.
【解析】，am為不可數(shù)名詞，泛指時前面不用冠詞。
【知識拓寬】
(1)不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時不用冠詞。
Modern people know more about the health, havebetter food，and?
(2)與by連用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名詞前不用冠詞。
by bike騎自行車，by sea由海路，乘船
(3)有些名詞(如school，class，hospital，church，prison，bed，table，town等)與相應介詞連用，表示進行和這些詞直接相關的活動時，前不用冠詞。
___ _去上學，_______坐牢，_______在吃飯
(4)球類運動、棋類游戲前，不用冠詞。
___ _打籃球，_______下棋
(5)mo。t副詞作“非�！苯鈺r，前面不用定冠詞the。
She is most pretty.她非常漂亮。
(6)。。或though引導讓步狀語從句，構成倒裝結構，前置的單數(shù)名詞前不用任何冠詞。
Child as he is,he knows a lot.雖然他只是孩子，知道的卻很多。
2.多介詞
(l)ln fact,they are planning to visit China in next yeaL
(2)We practice for three times every week..
(3)So l'm really sorry that l won't be able to come inthis time.【解析】以上三例都是作時間狀
語的名詞短語前多了介詞。
(4)?but we do not seem to get much time to talkabout together.
【解析】talk about意為“談到??”，是及物動詞短語，后須接介詞賓語，但根據(jù)本句語境，此處不必接賓語，故去掉about。
【知識拓寬】
(1) last night, next week, this year, one day,threetimes等名詞詞組直接充當時間狀語，前面不用介詞。
(2)有些動詞在漢語中是不及物動詞，在英語中卻是及物動詞，由于受漢語影響，可能多一個介詞。
serve for the people, follow after the teacher, marrywith her,make him as our monitor,play with Tom in amatch(畫線介詞多余)
(3)有些表示地點的副詞，其意義中已包含to，如果再加to，則多余。
on one's way to there, return to home, go to upstairs(畫線介詞均多余)
(4)有些副詞或介詞詞組后加另一個介詞，構成復合介詞，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。同樣，有些動詞短語是“動詞十介詞”結構，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。
①If you won’t go，I'll go instead of.(畫線介詞多余)
②She listened to but heard nothing(畫線介詞多余)
(5)有些動詞或形容詞后接名詞或代詞時，須加一個介詞，但接從句時，必須去掉介詞。
①l never knew about a ride down a river could be soexciting.(畫線介詞多余)
②I am sorry for that he won't come(畫線介詞多余)
3.詞義重疊
(1) Whenever I see them l will often think of myEnglish teacher.
【解析】在whenever l see them這一時間狀語從句后再用often顯得重復，應去掉。
(2) 1'11 spend all the whole weekend reading andpreparing for it.【解析】the whole weekend意為“整個周末”，再加上all，詞義重疊。
【知識拓寬】
(1)有些詞受漢語影響，多一副詞或介詞，造成詞義重疊。
return back回來，repeat again重復，flee away逃走，enter into進入，blue color藍色，stop down停下來，raiseup舉起來，unpack open打開
(2)定語從句中的一個名詞，已由關系代詞取代，再用其替代詞是多余的。
I do remember you having apologized to the old lady Imet her last week
(3)單音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞比較等級加-er.-est，多音節(jié)加more、most，但二者不能同時重疊使用。
As a result, people in the modern world generally livemuch more longer than people in the past.
4.出現(xiàn)冗言現(xiàn)象
(l)Today l visited the Smiths-my first time visit toan American family.
【解析】本句中的first修飾visit，visit此處為名詞，意為“我的第一次訪問”，time多余。
(2)Now I can't watch much television,but?【解析】根據(jù)上下文，此處應是“我根本不能看電視”，因此受漢語影響，多了much，造成冗言。
【知識拓寬】
(1)狀語從句與主句之間多一并列連詞。
①Though he tried his best, but he failed.
②The more he has, and the more he wants.
(2)充當狀語的介詞短語與主句之間多一關系代詞或關系副詞。
①In the last five years that they have climbed churches一②?in other places where you are limited to a certainnumber...
(3)充當狀語的分詞與主句之間多一并列連詞。
Sitting down,and he began to work.
(4)從屬連詞后多一個that。
She was absent from the meeting because that she was ilL(5)復合賓語前多一個that。
I found that her lying on the ground.
5.固定搭配中多詞
(1)I was used to watch it every night.
【解析】此處屬于used to do與be used to兩個固定搭配的誤用，應去掉was，取“過去常�！敝狻�
(2)?in any other words,Iam only a child.
【解析lin other words為固定搭配，意為“換句話說”，而any other意為“任何別的??”，與本文上下文不符。
6.行文邏輯上多詞First, let me tell you something more about myself.
【解析】由first可知是剛開始向別人講述自己的故事，故只能說something，而不能加more。
二、缺詞
1.名詞前缺限定詞
(1) Each player must obey^captain, who is theleader of the team.the【解析】此處應加上the，特指“球隊的隊長”。
(2) The day before the speech contest^Englishteacher talked to me.my【解析】根據(jù)上下文分析，此處English teacher是有所指的，指的是“我的”英語老師，故加上my，表達一個更確切的概念。
(3)I'1I take this chance to wish you^ wonderful timeon your birthday. a【解析lwish sb.awonderful time為固定搭配，意為“祝某人玩得愉快”。
【知識拓寬】
(1)在“so+形容詞十可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結構中，名詞前不能缺a或an。
This is so good a book that we will buy it.
=This is such a good book that we will buy it.
(2)little,few表示肯定時，前面不能缺a，意為“一些”。
如a little water，但是“每隔幾分鐘”應說成every fewminutesa
(3)有些不可數(shù)名詞(如metal, beauty, iron, tea,coffee, ice, youth, pleasure, success, failure等)，表示“一種”“一個“一份”時，應加上a或an。
Work is a pleasure to me.
(4)“the+姓氏復數(shù)”表示一家人時，the不能省。
The Browns like to go skating.
(5)表示“兩者之中比較??的一個”時，比較級前應加the。
He is the taller of the two boys.
(6)在句中可數(shù)名詞不可單獨使用，前面應有限定詞，如his,that,Tom's,the,a等。
When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook^head. his2.缺動詞不定式符號to(1) I'd like very much^come but I have anexamination on Monday morning. to【解析】like后面不能直接加動詞，需加to，構成固定搭配“would like to do”，意為“想做??”。
(2)一.and will do all they can^ make sure that l geta good education to【解析】不定式作目的狀語，不定式符號to不可省。
【知識拓寬】
(1)不定式作后置定語，不定式符號to不能省。
But then there are always more mysteriesAlook into:_____to
(2) -般說來，兩個實義動詞不能并列使用，中間常用to連接。
①7Ihe World Health ()rganization and other organizationsare workingAimprove health all over the world_____to
②i had always wantedA retum to the village _____to
(3) feel, hear, let, make,have, see, notice, watch,ob。。rv。等動詞變成被動結構時，充當主語補足語的不定式不能省去to。
Little Tom was made to do heavy work
(4)為了避免重復前面的動詞，后面的不定式常常省略，但要保留不定式符號to。
We wanted to go to the lecture, but we weren't able to
3.缺系動詞
(l)neyA eager to Imow everything about China：.'were【解析】eager為形容詞，必須加系動詞構成系表結構。
( 2)What^ your favourite sport?IS【解析】本句缺謂語動詞，應加is。
( 3)I'd like to^ your pen-friend, and. be/become【解析】本句考查I'd like to do結構，根據(jù)上下文，必須加上系動詞。
【知識拓寬】
(1)由于受漢語語法規(guī)則的影響，有些形容詞作表語時，常常缺少系動詞。
She is afraid of her boss.
(2)在被動結構中，由于缺少助動詞，變成了主動語態(tài)，造成錯誤。
?and let you know when the book you want has^returned and is ready for you to pick up.been4.缺介詞(l)We must keep in mind that we play for the teaminstead^ ourselves._____ of【解析linstead of為固定短語，意為“而非，而不是”，后接賓語。
(2)?but the others spent a lotA time arguing_____of【解析la lot of是固定習語，意為“許多，大量”，后加賓語。
【知識拓寬】
改錯題對介詞的考查，重點是一些固定搭配，再如：
WhenI have free timeI go^along walk..for，因此，同學們在學習和復習中應牢記一些固定搭配。
5.缺連詞In one class,l learned^ it rained.why【解析】本句因缺連詞而造成句子成分殘缺，只有加上why，句子的意義才完整。
【知識拓寬】
(1)在漢語中，分句與分句之間往往不用連詞，但在英語中卻不行。
It began to rain,^ they had to stop working. and
(2)受母語影響，幾個同類詞并列連用時，它們之間往往缺一連詞。
CDi told Mother, Father, Sister,^ all my friends herewhat a great time I had.and②He looked inside but saw nothing.
(3) that引導的主語從句置于句首時，that常常不能省。
That light travels in straight line is known to all.
(4)引導同位語從句的連詞that，when等常不可省。
(DThe doctors came to the conclusion that the patientwas suffering from cancer.
②i have no idea when he will return(5)在even if，even though，as if'as though等短語中，第二個連詞不能少。
He walks as if/though he were drunk
三、錯詞
1.可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)誤用
(l)They were eager to know everything about Chinaand asked me lots of question
(2) We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese, English and physics.
(3) We practise three times every week and oftenwatch football match on TV together.
(4) She said that she and my schoolmate' all.wishedme success,.
(5)?so that l'11 get good marks in all my subject.___
短文改錯l'm篇二：最優(yōu)化的短文改錯訓練10篇
(共l 0小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行做出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾(√)；如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤)，則按下列情況改正：該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。該行錯一個詞：在錯詞的下面畫一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原文沒有錯的請不要改。
I was recent told that listening to loud music is gradually making people lost hearing. I'm sure it has already happened to my neighbor. For years she has turned a deaf ear to my requests to turn her radio down. When she gave aparty, she does have to invite the rest of the street. Everyonecan dance in her music in his own room. Now a scientist hasdiscovered a certain electronic sounds have strange effects on rats. He declares they break down, almost paralyzed with its
legs trembled. Then it is simply a matter of throwing them out by their tail. I wonder if the same thing will happen to my neighbor someday.
66.__________ 67. __________ 68. __________ 69. __________ 70. __________ 71. __________ 72. __________ 73. __________
74. __________ 75. __________
(共l 0小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行做出判斷:如無錯誤,在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾(√);如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤）,則按下列情況改正： 此行多一個詞:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉,在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞,并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺一個詞:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧）,在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。 此行錯一個詞:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 注意:原行沒有錯的不要改。
On May Day, Li Yue and Zhang Hua, student from Class Three,
86. _________
Grade Two, went to Sunshine Nursing Home and do some voluntary
87. _________ work. On their arrival, Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warm welcomed,
88._________
and respectfully, they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.
89._________
Then, they started working once, cleaning the windows and the floor.
90._________
Everything done, they sat in the yard chatted with the elderly people.
91._________
When there was time for them to leave, the elderly people thanked
92._________
them their kindness. They said it was so beautiful a day that t(轉 載 于:www.zuancaijixie.com 蒲 公英文 摘:短文改錯l'm)hey
93._________
would remember forever. Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy.
94._________
How they did has brought joy to others and eiched their own lives.
95._________
（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分 ）
此題要求對一段文章改錯。先對每一行做出判斷是對還是錯。如果是對的，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（√）；如果有錯誤（每行不會多于一個錯誤 ），則按情況改錯如下： 此行多一個詞，把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺一個詞，在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。 此行錯一個詞，在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。
When Mr. and Mrs. Smith went to theatre, they left their 76. ___________ German dog to guard his home. When two burglars broke 77. ___________ into and the burglar alarm rang, the dog was waiting for them. 78. ___________ Unfortunately, one of the burglars was dog-lover, and he 79. ___________ quickly made friends with it. While the alarm was ringing,
but the burglars were stealing cash and jewelry, worth over80. ___________ $10,000, from a safe, the dog laid down in his basket and went 81. __________ to sleep. When the police arrived twenty minutes later, the 82. __________ burglars had gone. The dog was proud guarding the empty safe. 83. ___________ When the first detective entered into the room, it immediately 84. __________ attacked her, tearing her trousers and bit her in the leg. 85. ___________
（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行做出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（ √ ）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正： 此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
），在該行右邊的橫線上寫出該加的詞。
此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
Most of world’s diamonds come from Africa, but there66. ________
is one place in Arkansas, America that they are found.67. ________ They were first found there in 1906. About 50 thousands 68. _______ diamonds that have come from this field. A 40-carat diamond 69. ________ was the large ever found in North America. But most of the
70. ________
stones were too small to be mined. Soon all mining stop there.71. ________ A few diamonds have been found in the sand and broken stone 72. ________ along the Great Lake, either. This is not where they first formed. 73. ________ They may have been formed far to the north and were carried
74. ________
south by the last great glaciers. 75. ________
短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：
該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），大該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。 該行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。
Li Wei, Tang Ling and I are good friends.
In order to express our respect, we decide to give a present to all of our mothers on Women's Day The gifts were all made ourselves Li Wei painted the picture of a big bucket full of thank and happiness. Tang Ling'sgift was a pigeon making of coloured paperwhich carried a note in its mouth, says, "Wish you peace and health all your life!" I made a card, on which there it was a red leaf, referring to my heart. Our mothers were all pleased while they received the gifts.
短文改錯l'm篇三：高中英語短文改錯,附答案
I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent student in our class. Although she is clever, but she works very hard. We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbour’s house. She called 119 immediate. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. Her neighbour was very thankful for her help.
改錯二
I went to see the film after supper. On my way the cinema, I met an English woman, who lost her way. I gave up the chance see the film and took her to her hotel. While go there, I told her about great changes that had been taken place in the past few years and she had told me anything about her country. Although I missed the film, I still felt very happy, for I had not only helped her out of trouble but practise my spoken English. If I had not worked hard on English, I would have been able to help him.
改錯三
Dear Ralph,
I'm a senior student. I'm getting well with a boy in my class. But I have fallen in love with him for almost half a year. He is shy boy, so I wrote him a letter first to express my feeling. He wrote back. In his letter he said, "We are students. Our task is study hard. Let us to wait and see whether we have some chance after graduation." So after graduation I telephoned to him, ask him about going out. But he said he didn't want to. He just wanted to sleep and watched TV. What do you think I should do? Do you think I should continue to love him and give up?
改錯四
Dear Bob,
Hello. I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. I’d like to your penfriend, and get to know more about your country.
First, let me tell you something more about myself. My name is Li Hua. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. I go to Hongqi Middle School. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. I use to play ping-pong a lot on my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. Do you play any ball games? What your favorite sport? I look forward to hear from you soon.
Yours,Li Hua
Two months ago, I went to abroad for further study. Before I left, I was given a lot present. Among them， there were two presents which were really interested me. My sister buys me a book with color pictures about body language and with words about customs of different country in them. My brother gave me a note which read, “My present has put in your bedroom.” When I hurried into my bedroom, I found a box, in that there was an electronic dictionary. I was very glad but a few surprised to receive these two presents.
改錯六
Dear Li Ming,
I have received your letter yesterday. Don’t worry about you. I’m getting along well with my research works in the lab. But, to my surprising, you say you will give up learn English. The reason is that you have not done well in it recently and you have lost interesting. I’m afraid I can’t agree with you. I know it is not easy to learn English, and English is widely used in the world today and it will be important tool in your future work. Besides, it is becoming more and more important at our daily life. If you study hard, you will succeed. Do remember where is a will, there is a way.
改錯七
Some students don’t like talking about their parents often as if their parents love them very much. Are you going on well with your parents? You and your parents will be very happy if you can be friend. Here are some way to have a good talk with them. Find a good time to talk, like when you’re eating dinner, going out for walk and watching TV. Tell them something you’re interested in, or ask them about their life when they are young. They love to talk about our past! Meet them face to face and listen to them carefully. Be honesty, and your parents will trust you more.
改錯八
One afternoon Jack is walking down a river along. It was very cold day and on the river few boats could be seen．When he stopped on a bridge and look down, he saw a terrible scene. A boy fell of a canoe(獨木舟) and was struggling in the water．Without think about herself, Jack jumped into the river and to save the boy． He was about to drag（拖） the boy to the river bank then he saw some people stand in a motor boat under the bridge． One of them stared Jack and said angrily, “They are making a film and you’ve spoiled a whole afternoon’s work!”
答案：
改錯一：who's 改為whose 2.正確 3.去掉but 4.on改為in 5.parents后加were 6.homeworks改為homework 7.stopped后加to 8.find改為found 9.immediate改為immediately 10.fire前加the
改錯二： the改為a 2.正確 3.see前加to 4.go改為going 5.去掉been 6.
去掉had 7.去掉but
8.去掉had 9.on改為at 10.him改為her
改錯三：1.getting 后加on或along 2.fallen改為been 3.shy前加a 4.feeling改為feelings 當情感講時feeling常用單數(shù) 5.study前加to或study改為studying 6.去掉to 7.去掉to 8.watched改為watch 9正確 10.and改為or
改錯四：1. learn 改為 learnt或learned。2. to 后加 be 或 become。3. 刪去more。第一次告訴 Bob 關于自己的一些事情， 此處用 more 不合邏輯。4. where 改為 which。在此非限定性定語從句中， 關系詞在從句中作主語， 故用 which。5. 此行無錯。6. subject 改為 subjects。quits a few 意為“相當多”， 修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。7. use 改為 used。據(jù)下文 but now 可知， 此處應用used to do 表示“過去常常 做某事”。8. interesting 改為 interested。be interested in?為固定短語， “對??感興趣”。9. What 后加 is。此句無謂語。10. hear 改為 hearing。look forward to doing sth.為固定短語。
改錯五：答案：
76．去掉to 短語錯誤。go abroad“出國”。
77．present→presents 名詞的數(shù)錯誤。present“禮物”，是可數(shù)名詞。
78．去掉第二個were 動詞錯誤。interest在此是及物動詞用法，意為“使??感興趣”。be interested in“對??感興趣”。
79．buys→bought 時態(tài)錯誤。由全文可知，用一般過去時態(tài)。
80．√
81．them→it 代詞錯誤。在這本書里有關于肢體語言的圖片和不同國家的語言習俗。用it指代這本書。
82．put前加been 語態(tài)錯誤。我的禮物被放在了你的臥室里了。禮物是被放在臥室里，所以用被動語態(tài)。
83．that→which 定語從句關系詞錯誤。介詞后用which，不用that。
84．but→and 連接邏輯錯誤。前后是并列關系而非轉折關系。
85．few→little 混淆錯誤。a little 與 little 可以用作副詞， 表示“有點”“稍稍” ，修飾動詞、副詞、形容詞或介詞短語。如：He is a little tired.他有點累了。而a few不可用作副詞。
改錯五 1.have去掉2.about后的you改為me 3.works→work 4.learn→learning
5.recent→recently 6.interesting→interest 7.English后的and改為but 8.be后加an
9.at→in 10.where后加there
改錯六41. about→with/to 根據(jù)句意，可知此處是表達“和父母交談”，而不是“談論父母”。
42. as→even if 意為“好像”，與句意不符；根據(jù)句意，此處應是表達讓步關系。故用even if ,意為“即使”。
43. going→getting get along well with 是固定短語，意為“和…相片融洽”。
44. √
45. way→ways some在此處修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。
46. walk前加a go out for a walk意為“出去散步”
47. and→or 此處表選擇關系。
48. are→were “他們年輕時候”應用動詞的過去式。
49. our→their 和they保持一致。
50. honesty→honest 形容詞honest 作表語。
熱點文章閱讀