國內(nèi)不同產(chǎn)地?zé)熑~的危害性指數(shù)分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-26 來源: 短文摘抄 點(diǎn)擊:
摘要:為研究國內(nèi)不同產(chǎn)地?zé)熑~在同一等級、同一年限的情況下對卷煙主流煙氣中7種有害成分釋放量的影響,分析國內(nèi)9個(gè)省份17個(gè)產(chǎn)地的烤煙單料煙的樣品。結(jié)果表明,云南楚雄、陜西咸陽、河南洛陽煙葉總體危害性明顯高于平均水平;云南昭通、河南南陽煙葉總體危害性稍高于平均水平;黑龍江煙葉的氨釋放量幾乎是平均水平的2倍,BaP釋放量高于平均值40%以上,總體危害性指數(shù)明顯高于全國水平;福建三明、湖南張家界、云南德宏煙葉總體危害性與平均值基本持平;四川涼山、河南三門峽、貴州遵義、甘肅隴南、福建南平煙葉總體危害性稍低于平均水平;湖南郴州、永州、云南宣威煙葉總體危害性明顯低于平均水平。
關(guān)鍵詞:煙葉;危害性指數(shù);產(chǎn)地
中圖分類號: TS411 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A doi:10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646(X).2018.03.014
Analysis on the Hazard Index of Tobacco Leaves from Different Regions in China
GUO Lei,*LIU Yanling
。═obacco Industrial Limited Liability Company in Gansu,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)
Abstract:In order to study the effects of different domestic tobacco leaves in the same grade and same year on the release of seven harmful components in cigarette smoke,17 tobacco samples selected from 9 provinces were analyzed. The results showed that the overall dangers of tobacco in Chuxiong,Xianyang and Luoyang were significantly higher than the average level. The overall dangers of tobacco leaves in Zhaotong and He"nan Nanyang were slightly higher than the average level. The tobacco leaves from Heilongjiang province were significantly higher than average level in hazard index,especially almost twice as high as the average in ammonia and higher than the average of more than 40% in BaP. The overall hazards were basically the same as the average value in the samples from Fujian Sanming,Hu"nan Zhangjiajie and Yunnan Dehong. The hazard index of samples from Sichuan Liangshan,He"nan Sanmenxia,Guizhou Zunyi,Gansu Longnan,F(xiàn)ujian Nanping were slightly lower than the average level,while the samples from Hu"nan Chenzhou,Yongzhou,Yunnan Xuanwei had the overall dangers significantly lower than the average level.
Key words:tobacco leaves;hazard index;origin
卷煙在燃燒過程中釋放出有超過6 000種的化學(xué)物質(zhì),其中包括大部分的致香成分和少量的有害成分。1998年,加拿大政府通過立法要求卷煙生產(chǎn)商定期檢測卷煙主流煙氣中46種有害成分的含量,并將結(jié)果公之于眾,這是一個(gè)修正的hoffmann名單。2006年1月8日《煙草控制框架公約》在我國正式生效,煙草行業(yè)面臨“吸煙與健康問題”的壓力進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。相關(guān)研究確定了表征卷煙危害性的7個(gè)定性有害成分指標(biāo),即CO,HCN,NNK,NH3,以及苯并(α)芘(Bap)、苯酚、巴豆醛,并給出了危害性指數(shù)的計(jì)算方法。因此,卷煙降焦減害一直是煙草行業(yè)研究的重要課題,從物理、化學(xué)、配方等方面展開了大量研究,投入了較多的人力和物力[1]。葉組配方設(shè)計(jì)是卷煙產(chǎn)品的核心,但關(guān)于單料煙的 7種有害成分釋放量的研究較少。為了深入研究卷煙危害性的影響因素,分析了我國不同產(chǎn)地?zé)熑~的危害性指數(shù),以期為煙葉的種植、栽培和卷煙工業(yè)的調(diào)配提供依據(jù),從源頭降低卷煙的危害性,減少吸煙對人體的危害。
1 樣品的設(shè)計(jì)與制備
以國內(nèi)重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)區(qū)煙葉原料為研究對象,選取云南、貴州、四川、福建、湖南、陜西、甘肅、河南和黑龍江等9個(gè)省份17個(gè)產(chǎn)地?zé)熑~原料,煙葉原料在同一等級(等級:C3F)、同一年限條件下。
單料煙樣品制作參數(shù)在相同規(guī)格煙用材料、工藝加工參數(shù)及卷制工藝參數(shù)下卷制成煙支為煙支長度84.0 mm,濾嘴長度20.0 mm,圓周24.5 mm,質(zhì)量0.88 g /支,卷煙紙透氣度40 CU,克質(zhì)量27 g/m3,煙支硬度67 g /支,無濾嘴通風(fēng),濾棒吸阻為3 300 Pa。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:危害性 煙葉 產(chǎn)地 指數(shù) 分析
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