曲山藝海濟(jì)南府_濟(jì)南曲山藝海

　　最令濟(jì)南人難以忘懷的,大概就是濟(jì)南的這么一個(gè)名號(hào)――“曲山藝�！薄Ｄ鞘菨�(jì)南相聲的繁盛時(shí)代。1943年,孫少林于濟(jì)南創(chuàng)立“晨光茶社”,成為南來(lái)北往相聲藝人的“根據(jù)地”,與北京、天津并稱為曲藝界的三大碼頭。以前曾有“北京學(xué)藝,天津練活,濟(jì)南踢門檻”的說(shuō)法,“南來(lái)的角兒,北來(lái)的腕兒,都要到‘晨光’露露面兒”。
　　那時(shí)候,晨光茶社的創(chuàng)始人之一孫少林,與侯寶林、張永熙并稱“北侯南張中少林”。據(jù)說(shuō)當(dāng)時(shí)的相聲名家如侯寶林、張壽臣、馬三立、吉坪三、周德山、劉寶瑞、郭全寶、白全福、劉桂田、高德先、王世臣、孫寶才、閻笑茹、高笑林、劉中升、善寶林、連秀全、張寶嶼、王長(zhǎng)友等都來(lái)過(guò)晨光。許多相聲演員都以能到濟(jì)南晨光演出為榮。
　　關(guān)于晨光茶社這個(gè)名稱的由來(lái),已故相聲演員袁佩樓曾談到:北平有個(gè)啟明茶社,是個(gè)相聲大會(huì)。當(dāng)時(shí)有個(gè)“南晨北啟”的說(shuō)法,“南晨”是指濟(jì)南的晨光茶社;“北啟”是指北平的啟明茶社。可是,先有“啟明”,后有“晨光”,也可以說(shuō)“晨光”是仿效“啟明”而產(chǎn)生的。
　　晨光茶社的興盛,除演員陣容強(qiáng)大、藝術(shù)水平較高以外,濟(jì)南的歷史欣賞習(xí)慣與地理?xiàng)l件的優(yōu)越也是重要原因之一。從歷史上來(lái)說(shuō),濟(jì)南人民熱愛(ài)曲藝,地方上曲藝發(fā)達(dá)。從地理位置來(lái)說(shuō),濟(jì)南地處南北要沖,北鄰北京、天津,南接徐州、南京,這些地區(qū)都是曲藝繁盛之處,濟(jì)南恰在其中。當(dāng)時(shí)藝人多屬流動(dòng)演出,京津演員南下,徐寧演員北上,多在濟(jì)南停留,逐漸使?jié)�南成為藝術(shù)交流中心。
　　但由于歷史的原因,晨光茶社于1966年關(guān)門歇業(yè)。40多年后,在眾多熱愛(ài)相聲事業(yè)的人士熱心奔走下,2006年7月12日,晨光茶社重新開(kāi)門迎客。著名相聲表演藝術(shù)家馬季為之題寫了匾額。
　　新晨光茶社基本位于當(dāng)年舊址,在大觀園商場(chǎng)新建的“城隍廟”內(nèi),共分兩層。一層裝修頗具現(xiàn)代氣息,二層則完全沿襲了舊晨光茶社的布局格式。茶社演藝方面的負(fù)責(zé)人由當(dāng)年晨光茶社創(chuàng)始人孫少林先生的兒子、相聲演員孫小林擔(dān)任。晨光茶社將每晚演出以相聲為主的曲藝節(jié)目,包括山東快書、快板等。
　　在沉寂了近半個(gè)世紀(jì)之后,以晨光茶社、茗曲閣、明湖居、芙蓉茶館為代表的一批曲藝劇場(chǎng)紛紛亮相,為濟(jì)南“曲山藝�！鼻�藝碼頭的振興燃起了希望。如今,群眾喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的相聲等曲藝節(jié)目又開(kāi)始活躍在舞臺(tái),到茶社聽(tīng)相聲成了濟(jì)南人新的休閑方式。
　　
　　The crosstalk has played an important role for Jinan having long been titled as “Qu Shan Yi Hai” (a place famous for Quyi). As the saying goes, “to learn skills in Beijing, practice in Tianjing and perform in Jinan”, it describes the Chenguang Tea House founded in Jinan by Sun Shaolin in 1943, which has become the “base area” for transient crosstalk artists. It is called the one of the “Three Wharfs” together with Beijing and Tianjin and many famous crosstalk artists in China must come here to perform.
　　After being silent for nearly half a century, a group of Quyi (Chinese Folk Arts) Theatres including Chenguang Tea House, Mingqu Pavilion, Minghuju and Furong Tea House have gradually returned to the stage. The transmission of Quyi by three generations of Sun Shaolin,a great crosstalk master,brings hope to the revitalization of Quyi theatres titled“Qu Shan Yi Hai”. Nowadays, the popular crosstalk and other Quyi programs began to thrive on the stage which makes “l(fā)istening to crosstalk in tea house” the leisure style of Jinan people.
　　The new Chenguang Tea House is located in the former site i.e. the newly built “Chenghuang Temple” in Daguanyuan Shopping Mall. It possesses two layers: one is decorated with modern atmosphere and the other completely carries on the layout of the former Chenguang Tea House. The art performance of the tea house is in the charge of Sun Xiaolin, a crosstalk actor and son of Sun Shaolin, the originator of the former tea house. Every evening Quyi programs are performed in the tea house by focusing on crosstalk including Shandong quick-patter and allego etc.

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