鼻內鏡下鼻腔淚囊造口術應用解剖數據的研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-24 來源: 短文摘抄 點擊:
[摘要] 目的 應用解剖學方法測量鼻腔淚囊解剖數據,為鼻科醫(yī)生內鏡手術提供數據和指導,以提高鼻腔淚囊造口成功率,減少并發(fā)癥。方法 以2012年1月—2017年1月南京醫(yī)科大學解剖教研室28個無病損完整尸頭(56側)為研究對象。觀察鼻淚管解剖結構及中鼻甲腋、總淚小管和淚囊的解剖關系,鼻內鏡下不銹鋼游標卡尺測量鼻淚管長度、中鼻甲腋與淚囊頂、中鼻甲腋與淚囊底、總淚小管入口與淚囊底間距離等指標。結果 尸頭標本鼻淚管長度(15.87±1.93)mm,中鼻甲腋至淚囊頂距離(7.81±1.63)mm,中鼻甲腋至淚囊底距離(7.62±1.88)mm,總淚小管入口至淚囊底距離(11.20±1.69)mm。結論 鼻內鏡下鼻腔淚囊造口術以中鼻甲腋為主要標志,有利于準確定位淚囊管。但淚囊與鼻淚管解剖變異較大,建議術前影像學觀察淚囊與中鼻甲腋的解剖關系,選擇鼻丘隆突下緣處為鼻淚管上口位,下鼻道前端頂壁、側壁處為鼻淚管上口位。
[關鍵詞] 鼻內窺鏡;鼻腔淚囊造口術;應用解剖學;解剖數據
[中圖分類號] R777 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2018)01(c)-0071-03
[Abstract] Objective The application of anatomical method to measure nasal lacrimal sac anatomic data and to provide the data and guidance for the endoscopic operation of rhinologists to improve the success rate of nasal lacrimal sac stoma and to reduce the complications. Methods From January 2012 to January 2017, 28 intact cadaveric heads (56 sides) of Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University were studied. The anatomic structure of the nasolacrimal duct and the anatomy of the middle turbinate axillary and total lacrimal duct and lacrimal sac were observed. The length of the nasolacrimal duct was measured by endoscopic stainless steel vernier caliper. The middle turbinate axillary and dacryocystorhinostomy, Lacrimal duct entrance and the distance between the dacryocystis and other indicators were observed. Results Cadaveric head specimens of nasolacrimal duct length (15.87±1.93)mm, middle turbinate and lacrimal sac top distance(7.81±1.63)mm, middle turbinate and lacrimal sac bottom distance (7.62±1.88)mm, the total entrance to the lacrimal canaliculus bottom distance(11.20±1.69)mm. Conclusion Nasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy is the main sign of the middle turbinate, which is helpful for the accurate localization of the lacrimal duct. But dacryocystitis and nasolacrimal duct anatomical varied a lot, it was recommended preoperative imaging anatomy observation of lacrimal sac and middle turbinate, nasal inferior edge for long hill with the nasolacrimal duct under the nose, front top wall and side wall at the upper position of nasolacrimal duct.
[Key words] Nasal endoscope; Nasal cavity ostomy; Applied anatomy; Anatomical data
鼻內鏡下鼻腔淚囊造口術是臨床治療慢性淚囊炎等淚道疾病的常用手術,能通過吻合淚囊與鼻粘膜使淚液等分泌物經淚囊直接進入鼻道,從而解除淚溢現象[1]。臨床實踐證實,其應用具有視野清晰、操作精細、微創(chuàng)安全等優(yōu)點,不僅能對因處理鼻淚管堵塞,且無面部畸形與瘢痕,效果肯定。但是,淚囊、鼻淚管位置隱蔽,毗鄰結構變異大,術中易損傷,因此,明確鼻淚管解剖位置及準確定位成為提高手術成功率、減少并發(fā)癥損害的關鍵[2]。既往,臨床關于鼻腔淚囊解剖數據的文獻報道結論準確性較差,是導致鼻腔淚囊造口偏低甚至失敗的原因之一。文章現以2012年1月—2017年1月南京醫(yī)科大學解剖教研室提供的28個無病損完整尸頭為例,觀察淚囊與中鼻甲腋解剖關系,測量鼻腔淚囊解剖數據,旨在為鼻腔淚囊造口提供有價值的數據和指導,具體報道如下。
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