桐梓烤煙不同成熟度上部葉碳氮積累·化學成分和等級結構差異分析

　　摘要[目的]研究桐梓縣烤煙不同成熟度上部葉碳氮積累與化學成分及等級結構差異。[方法]利用烤煙不同成熟度上部葉的烘烤試驗，綜合研究分析了桐梓縣烤煙不同成熟度上部葉碳氮積累、主要化學成分及其派生值和煙葉等級結構等方面差異。[結果]隨著成熟度的提高，上部葉從欠熟葉（M0）到完熟葉（M3）總糖含量、還原糖含量、碳氮比、兩糖比、糖堿比、施木克值等呈增大趨勢，處理間差異顯著或極顯著；碳、總氮、蛋白質和淀粉含量呈極顯著降低趨勢，煙堿含量呈先增大后下降趨勢，等級結構大幅度、極顯著提升�？傮w上，完熟葉（M3）和成熟葉（M2）的主要化學成分含量及其派生值最適宜或適宜、內在質量好、上等煙比例高；尚熟葉（M1）的主要化學成分含量及其派生值較適宜或不適宜、內在質量欠佳、上等煙比例較低；欠熟葉（M0）的主要化學成分含量及其派生值不適宜、內在質量差、等級結構很差。[結論]該試驗為指導桐梓提高烤煙上部葉采收成熟度和可用性提供理論依據(jù)。
　　關鍵詞烤煙；成熟度；上部葉；碳；氮；化學成分；等級結構
　　中圖分類號S572文獻標識碼
　　A文章編號0517-6611（2018）08-0052-06
　　Difference Analysis of the Accumulation of Carbon and Nitrogen and Chemical Compositions and Grade Structure of the Upper Leaves of Fluecured Tobacco in Tongzi County
　　ZHOU Weihua1，XU Zenghan2，ZHU Yinghua3 et al（1.Tongzi Branch of Zunyi Tobacco Company in Guizhou Province，Zunyi，Guizhou 563000；2.College of Agronomy，Anhui Agricultural University，Hefei，Anhui 230036；3.Research Center of Tobacco and Health，University of Science and Technology of China，Hefei，Anhui 230051）
　　Abstract[Objective] To study the differences of the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen and chemical compositions and grade structure of the upper leaves of fluecured tobacco in Tongzi County.[Method] By adopting the baking test of the upper leaves of fluecured tobacco at different maturity degrees，differences in carbon and nitrogen accumulation，main chemical compositions，their derived values and leaf grade structures were comphrehensively analyzed.[Result] With the increase of maturity degree，the total sugar content and reducing sugar content，carbonnitrogen ratio，total sugarreducing sugar ratio，sugarnicotine ratio，Shmuck value in upper leaves showed the trend of increase from uipe leaves （M0） to mellow leaves （M3），and there were significant or extremely significant differences between treatments.The carbon，total nitrogen，protein and starch content were significantly decreased，the nicotine content was firstly increased and then decreased.The grade structure were greatly and significantly increased.In general，mellow leaves （M3） and ripe leaves （M2） had the most suitable or appropriate main chemical components and their derived values，good internal quality，and high firstclass tobacco proportion.The mature leaves （M1） had less suitable or not suitable main chemical components and their derived values，with poor internal quality.The uipe leaves （M0） had not suitable proportion of the main chemical components and their derived values，with poor internal quality and grade structure.[Conclusion] This research provided theoretical basis for enhancing the harvesting maturity and availability of upper leaves of fluecured tobacco in Tongzi County.

相關熱詞搜索：桐梓 烤煙 成熟度 化學成分 差異