烤煙物理特性與常規(guī)化學(xué)成分及外觀質(zhì)量的關(guān)系
發(fā)布時間:2019-08-23 來源: 感恩親情 點擊:
摘要:通過簡單相關(guān)分析、通徑分析及方差分析,研究了125份烤煙煙葉物理特性(9項)與常規(guī)化學(xué)成分及外觀質(zhì)量間的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明,各項物理指標(biāo)之間以葉片厚度與葉質(zhì)重關(guān)系最為密切,其相關(guān)系數(shù)r=0.808;葉質(zhì)重、填充值和質(zhì)量燃燒速率與常規(guī)化學(xué)成分及其派生值間的相關(guān)性最顯著。葉片厚度、葉質(zhì)重與總鉀、糖堿比、氮堿比和鉀氯比均呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,且都與鉀的相關(guān)性最高,而質(zhì)量燃燒速率則相反,與總鉀含量、糖堿比、氮堿比和鉀氯比呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。平衡含水率與填充值呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,煙葉拉力與化學(xué)成分間的關(guān)系不顯著。烤煙物理特性方面,葉質(zhì)重對煙葉外觀質(zhì)量的影響最大,與煙葉顏色、身份和色度指標(biāo)均有顯著差異,而與成熟度、葉片結(jié)構(gòu)和油分指標(biāo)間的關(guān)系不顯著。
關(guān)鍵詞:烤煙;物理特性;化學(xué)成分;外觀質(zhì)量
中圖分類號:S572.01 文章編號:1007-5119(2014)01-0117-06DOI:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2014.01.022
Relationship between the Physical Properties and Regular Chemical Compositions and Appearance Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco
FU Qiujuan1, ZHANG Zhongfeng1, DOU Jiayu2, DU Yongmei1, DOU Yuqing1, GE Jiong3, YANG Bin3*
(1. Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS, Qingdao 266101, China; 2. Huahuan International Tobacco Co., Ltd., Chuzhou, Anhui 233100, China; 3. Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200082, China)
Abstract: The relationship between the physical properties and regular chemical compositions and appearance quality were explored by simple correlation analysis, path analysis, and variance analysis of 125 samples of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the leaf thickness and leaf weight had the closest relationship (r = 0.808 ). There were very significantly negative correlation between leaf thickness, leaf weight, total potassium, sugar/alkali, nitrogen/alkali, and K/Cl, which all had significant correlation with potassium. On the other hand, there are significantly positive correlation between mass burning rate and total potassium, sugar/alkali, nitrogen/alkali, and K/Cl. Also there were very significantly negative correlation between equilibrium moisture content and filling power, but the relationship between tensile strength and chemical composition of tobacco was not significant. For the physical indices, leaf weight had the most important influence on the appearance quality of tobacco leaves, and had significant influence on leaf color, figure, and chrome, but little effect on maturity, leaf structure, and oil content
Keywords: flue-cured tobacco; physical property; chemical composition; appearance quality
基金項目:上海煙草集團(tuán)有限責(zé)任公司科技項目(SZBCW201200823)
作者簡介:付秋娟,女,實驗師,主要從事煙葉原料分析及研究工作。E-mail:fuqiujuan@sina.com。*通信作者,E-mail:yangb@sh.tobacco.com.cn
收稿日期:2013-08-30 修回日期:2013-11-27
煙葉的物理特性主要包括葉片厚度、葉質(zhì)重、含梗率、填充性、拉力、平衡含水率、燃燒性等,是煙葉質(zhì)量的重要組成部分,直接影響著卷煙制造過程中的產(chǎn)品風(fēng)格、生產(chǎn)成本及其他經(jīng)濟(jì)因素。2003年以前煙葉物理特性并沒有引起大家足夠的重視,直至尹啟生等[1]、劉國順[2]對全國煙草質(zhì)量及國內(nèi)外煙葉質(zhì)量進(jìn)行差距分析以及中國煙葉公司發(fā)布的白皮書中發(fā)現(xiàn)中國煙葉質(zhì)量與津巴布韋和巴西煙葉尚存在一定差異之后[3],逐漸成為近年來煙葉質(zhì)量評價的重要研究內(nèi)容。
煙葉化學(xué)成分是決定物理特性的內(nèi)在因素,物理特性則是煙葉化學(xué)成分的外在表現(xiàn)。近幾年,有關(guān)煙葉物理特性與化學(xué)成分的關(guān)系已有報道[4-17],然而這些大都局限于個別產(chǎn)區(qū)或個別指標(biāo)之間的研究,很少有人進(jìn)行全面系統(tǒng)的分析,外觀質(zhì)量與物理特性間的定量研究更是少見。
本研究較全面系統(tǒng)地測定了烤煙各等級的主要物理指標(biāo)和常規(guī)化學(xué)成分,并對其進(jìn)行了外觀質(zhì)量鑒定,通過對這些指標(biāo)進(jìn)行簡單相關(guān)分析、通徑分析及方差分析,探索了它們之間的關(guān)系,以期為進(jìn)一步研究烤煙物理指標(biāo)與化學(xué)成分及外觀質(zhì)量間的關(guān)系,評價煙葉質(zhì)量提供參考依據(jù)。
1材料與方法
1.1材料
2011—2012年在安徽、福建、貴州、河南、黑龍江、湖南、吉林、江西、遼寧、山東、陜西、四川、云南采集煙葉樣品125份,等級為B2F、C2F、C2L、C3F、C3L、X2F。
1.2儀器
M250-2.5CT拉力機(jī)(德國);馬爾1240厚度儀(德國);JDC雙刃裁刀(美國);DD60AB密度計(德國);KBF240恒溫恒濕箱(德國賓得);SY-Ⅲ型實驗用切絲機(jī)(河南富邦);卷煙自由燃燒速度測定儀JRV-3(河南鄭州),Aataris Ⅱ近紅外光譜儀(FT-NIR)(美國)。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:烤煙 常規(guī) 化學(xué)成分 外觀 特性
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