制劑與分析硫磺熏蒸對(duì)黃芩藥材及飲片質(zhì)量影響分析?

　　[摘要] 硫磺熏蒸會(huì)導(dǎo)致中藥材化學(xué)成分發(fā)生改變，國(guó)家對(duì)于中藥材及飲片的加工貯藏已不再建議使用硫磺熏蒸的方法。該文為分析硫磺熏蒸對(duì)黃芩藥材質(zhì)量的影響，采用蒸餾離子色譜法對(duì)180批黃芩飲片，26批黃芩藥材，測(cè)定二氧化硫殘留量；采用LCMS結(jié)合主成分分析法，比較硫黃熏蒸前后，黃芩中化學(xué)成分的變化；并分析硫熏前后黃酮類(lèi)成分的含量。二氧化硫殘留量測(cè)定結(jié)果，以《中國(guó)藥典》2015年版四部二氧化硫殘留限量≤150 mg·kg-1計(jì)算，74批不合格，不合格率359%。不合格樣品全部為飲片。通過(guò)指紋圖譜對(duì)比及主成分分析結(jié)果表明，硫熏前后黃酮類(lèi)成分未發(fā)生明顯變化，但黃酮苷類(lèi)成分呈下降趨勢(shì)，黃芩苷含量變化明顯。硫磺熏蒸過(guò)程中黃酮苷類(lèi)成分水解成苷元，導(dǎo)致苷類(lèi)成分下降，此問(wèn)題對(duì)黃芩質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生影響。黃芩飲片在炮制加工過(guò)程中的打硫現(xiàn)象非常嚴(yán)重，提示監(jiān)管的重點(diǎn)環(huán)節(jié)在飲片生產(chǎn)過(guò)程。
　　[關(guān)鍵詞] 黃芩； 硫磺熏蒸； 質(zhì)量影響
　　Impact of sulfur fumigation on quality of Scutellariae Radix
　　XIAO Ling， JIANG Tao， NIE Jing， CHENG Ying*
　　（Hubei Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control， Wuhan 430075， China）
　　[Abstract] Sulfur fumigation usually causes transformation of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） As for the process and storage of TCM， the sulfur fumigation has been no longer recommended by the government This study is to explore the impact of the sulfur fumigation on the quality of Scutellariae Radix Distillation combined with ionchromatography was used to evaluate the residue of sulfur dioxide in 180 batches of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and 26 batches of Scutellariae Radix herbs In addition， LCMS combined with principal component analysis （PCA） was used to compare the changes in chemical components and flavonoid content in radix scutellariae before and after sulfur fumigation As a result， 74 batches of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces were determined to be unqualified on the basis of the residue limit of sulfur dioxide in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 Vol Ⅳ （≤150 mg·kg-1）， with a qualification rate of 359% All of the unqualified samples were decoction pieces The fingerprint and PCA indicates that flavonoid content of Scutellariae Radix had no change before and after sulfur fumigation， but flavonoid glycosides decreased after sulfur fumigation and baicalin decreased sharply The flavonoid glycoside was hydrolyzed to flavone aglycone in the process of sulfur fumigation， which caused the decrease in content of falvonoid glycosides and had an impact on the quality of Scutellariae Radix The decoction pieces of Scutellariae Radix were seriously fumigated with sulfur in the processing， suggesting the key regulatory point is the decoction pieces production process
　　[Key words] Scutellariae Radix； sulfur fumigation； influence quality
　　doi：10.4268/cjcmm20161208
　　黃芩收載于《中國(guó)藥典》2015年版一部，來(lái)源為唇形科植物黃芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi[1]，具有清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒、止血安胎的功效。黃芩藥源一直以野生為主，分布于長(zhǎng)江以北大部分地區(qū)、西北和西南地區(qū)，近年由于國(guó)內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)需求的日益增加，其野生資源破壞嚴(yán)重，國(guó)內(nèi)許多地方已對(duì)黃芩進(jìn)行了引種栽培，栽培黃芩已成為主要商品來(lái)源，以山西產(chǎn)量最多，承德質(zhì)量最好[2]。

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