轉(zhuǎn)型期“政社合作型”體育社團社會資本研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-24 來源: 感恩親情 點擊:
摘 要:對沈陽市滑冰協(xié)會擁有的結(jié)構(gòu)型社會資本、關(guān)系型社會資本和認知型社會資本存量以及社會資本的培育與運作方式予以分析。研究結(jié)果表明:沈陽市滑冰協(xié)會認知型社會資本不高、結(jié)構(gòu)型社會資本和關(guān)系型社會資本總體尚可,但分布不均衡,與企業(yè)方面的關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點社會資本基本缺失,協(xié)會擁有的主要是同質(zhì)性較高的強關(guān)系社會資本,異質(zhì)性弱關(guān)系社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源匱乏,欠缺關(guān)鍵性結(jié)構(gòu)型社會資本;沈陽市滑冰協(xié)會社會資本的培育途徑主要有先賦關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)的承襲、角色套系、關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)的擴展等。先賦關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)的承襲是協(xié)會的優(yōu)勢資源,但開發(fā)利用程度不夠,某些存量社會資本仍處于潛在狀態(tài)。雖然在角色套系、關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)的擴展方面有一定作為,但尚存極大拓展空間。
關(guān) 鍵 詞:體育管理;體育社團;政社合作型;社會資本;沈陽市滑冰協(xié)會
中圖分類號:G80-05 文獻標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號:1006-7116(2018)02-0045-05
A study of the social capital of “government and society cooperation type” sports associations in the transformation period
——Taking Shenyang Skating Association for example
CHEN Hui-min,ZHOU Ai-guang,WANG Ran,YE Song-dong,JIANG Yun-yun,WANG Ya-kun,CAI Hao
。⊿chool of Physical Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)
Abstract: The authors analyzed the stock of structure type social capital, relationship type social capital and cognition type social capital owned by Shenyang Skating Association (SSA) as well as its ways of cultivation and operation of social capital, and revealed the following findings: SSA’s cognition type social capital is not high, its structure type so-cial capital and relationship type social capital are fair overall, but their distribution is unbalanced, its enterprise relationship network node type social capital is basically missing, what SSA has is mainly highly homogenous strong relationship type social capital, it is lacking in heterogeneous week relationship type social network resources, short of critical structure type social capital; SSA’s ways of social capital cultivation mainly include ascribed relationship network inheritance, role combination, relationship network expansion etc. Ascribed relationship network inheritance is SSA’s advantageous resource, but not sufficiently developed and utilized, some of its stocked social capital is still in a potential state. Although SSA has made some achievements in role combination and relationship network expansion, but it still has a huge space for expansion.
Key words: sports management;sports association;government and society cooperation type;social capital;Shenyang Skating Association
體育社團是公民自愿組成,自主管理,為實現(xiàn)會員共同意愿,按照其章程以體育運動(活動)為目的的非營利性社會組織[1]。體育社團社會資本是指體育社團通過培育所獲取的,以建立在信任、規(guī)范、認知基礎(chǔ)上的社會關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)為表現(xiàn)形式的資源,包括結(jié)構(gòu)型社會資本、關(guān)系型社會資本、認知型社會資本[2]42。由于社會資本能夠為社團發(fā)展提供必要的經(jīng)濟支持、樹立公信力、獲得有效信息[2]41,因而成為社團發(fā)展的重要支撐,受到社會重視和關(guān)注。
基于我國的特殊背景,體育社團與政府有著千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系,自2015年7月8日,中共中央辦公廳、國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)《行業(yè)協(xié)會商會與行政機關(guān)脫鉤總體方案》,要求“積極穩(wěn)妥推進行業(yè)協(xié)會商會與行政機關(guān)脫鉤,厘清行政機關(guān)與行業(yè)協(xié)會商會的職能邊界,加強綜合監(jiān)管和黨建工作,促進行業(yè)協(xié)會商會成為依法設(shè)立、自助辦會、服務(wù)為本、治理規(guī)范、行為自律的社會組織!边@說明政府會進一步簡政放權(quán),減少微觀事務(wù)的管理,原來由政府承擔(dān)的大量管理職能要轉(zhuǎn)而由社會組織接管。為適應(yīng)全面深化改革、經(jīng)濟社會進一步轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展的新形勢,行業(yè)協(xié)會也面臨由傳統(tǒng)的行政依附型向行業(yè)“自組織型”轉(zhuǎn)變。轉(zhuǎn)型的實質(zhì)是行業(yè)協(xié)會性質(zhì)和功能表現(xiàn)的市場化、民間化,進一步適應(yīng)市場環(huán)境,實現(xiàn)符合現(xiàn)代社會組織特征和治理規(guī)范的自治管理、自律發(fā)展。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:轉(zhuǎn)型期 社團 資本 合作 社會
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