曬煙品種農(nóng)藝性狀及煙葉質(zhì)量鑒定

　　摘要 [目的]綜合鑒定引進(jìn)云南曬煙品種資源農(nóng)藝性狀及煙葉質(zhì)量，為品種的選育及利用奠定科學(xué)依據(jù)。[方法]以示范種植品種云曬1號為對照，結(jié)合田間植物學(xué)性狀、農(nóng)藝性狀、經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀等對11個供試品種進(jìn)行外觀質(zhì)量評價和內(nèi)在化學(xué)成分分析。[結(jié)果] Virginia309、朝刀煙農(nóng)藝性狀較好，產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)值超過對照，煙葉外觀質(zhì)量好，化學(xué)成分氮/堿比值適宜，鉀/氯比值較高，成分協(xié)調(diào)性較優(yōu)；Virginia331產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)值略低于對照，但農(nóng)藝性狀好，煙葉外觀質(zhì)量較優(yōu)，化學(xué)成分氮/堿比值適宜，鉀/氯比值較高，成分協(xié)調(diào)性較優(yōu)；Virginia310、大幅煙、泉煙、黃糧枇杷柳、毛煙1號雖然產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)值超過或接近對照，但農(nóng)藝性狀較差，煙葉外觀質(zhì)量較差或稍次，化學(xué)成分協(xié)調(diào)性欠佳；Virginia932、惠水?dāng)[金煙、太康曬煙農(nóng)藝性狀較好，煙葉外觀質(zhì)量尚好或稍次，化學(xué)成分協(xié)調(diào)性尚佳，但產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)值顯著低于對照。[結(jié)論]在各供試曬煙品種中，綜合性狀以Virginia309、朝刀煙表現(xiàn)較優(yōu)，其次是Virginia331，其他品種表現(xiàn)較差。
　　關(guān)鍵詞 曬煙品種；農(nóng)藝性狀；外觀質(zhì)量；化學(xué)成分
　　中圖分類號 S572 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2015）12-068-04
　　Abstract [Objective] To comprehensively identify the agronomic characters and quality of Yunnan sun-cured tobacco， so as to provide a scientific basis for variety breeding and using. [Method] With Yunshai No.1 as control， combined with field botanic traits， agronomic traits and economic traits， the appearance quality was evaluated， and internal chemical components were analyzed. [Result] The results indicated that Virginia309， Chaodao tobacco with good agronomic characters was superior to the control in yield and value of output， and their appearance quality was better too. There are the best harmony in composition， and with suitable nitrogen/nicotine ratio， higher K / Cl ratio； Virginia331 with good agronomic characters was inferior to the control in yield and value of output， and their appearance quality was superior to the control. There are the better harmony in composition， and with suitable nitrogen/nicotine ratio， higher K / Cl ratio too； Although there are no more than in yield and value of output between Virginia310， Dafu， Huangliangpipaliu， Mao tobacco and the control， their agronomic characters， appearance quality and harmony in composition were inferior to the control. Virginia932， Huishuibaijing， Taikang tobacco were good agronomic characters and appearance quality and the better harmony in composition， but their yield and value of output was significantly inferior to the control. [Conclusion] Among tested suncured tobacco varieties， comprehensive traits of Virginia309， Chaodao tobacco are the best， followed by Virginia331， other varieties are poor.
　　Key words Suncured tobacco variety； Agronomic characters； Appearance quality； Chemical composition
　　曬煙與烤煙相比具有獨(dú)特的煙葉品質(zhì)，能滿足卷煙品牌對原料的多樣化需求[1-2]。品種是決定煙葉品質(zhì)的內(nèi)在因素，也是煙葉生產(chǎn)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)[3-4]。不同煙草品種的性狀遺傳基因構(gòu)成了豐富的資源庫[3，5-7]，這是煙草新品種選育的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。而品種的田間植物學(xué)、農(nóng)藝及產(chǎn)量性狀鑒定是選育新品種及生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用的必需程序[8-11]。該研究利用引進(jìn)曬煙品種進(jìn)行田間鑒定，通過植物學(xué)、農(nóng)藝、產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)等性狀鑒定，明確各個品種的特征特性及使用價值，為培育新品種親本的選擇和生產(chǎn)利用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)，同時也為保持種子生活力和豐富遺傳基因庫提供資源。

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：曬煙 農(nóng)藝 性狀 煙葉 鑒定