【山村的古樹(shù)奇觀】古樹(shù)旋律
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-03-11 來(lái)源: 感悟愛(ài)情 點(diǎn)擊:
針村,濟(jì)南市中區(qū)十六里河辦事處下屬的一個(gè)普通村莊。針村的四周被群山環(huán)抱,近年來(lái)由于村村通工程及高速公路從村中穿過(guò),這個(gè)寧?kù)o的小山村越來(lái)越被更多的人所熟知。來(lái)過(guò)針村的人無(wú)不為村中千年銀杏樹(shù)和六株孝子柏所嘆服:原來(lái)深山的古村中竟還藏有這樣的“寶貝”!
白云觀內(nèi),雌雄銀杏同株相伴
針村被一條橫貫東西的水泥公路一分為二,從村西進(jìn)村,路兩側(cè)大都是近年新建的瓦房。進(jìn)村不久路北是一塊空地,這里是村里的健身廣場(chǎng),場(chǎng)地中安裝有多個(gè)健身器械。廣場(chǎng)的旁邊是原來(lái)村中的小學(xué)。校園分東西兩院,東院是學(xué)校的操場(chǎng)和教學(xué)樓。操場(chǎng)中正對(duì)教學(xué)樓的位置矗立著一株碩大茂盛的古樹(shù),這就是針村最有名的千年銀杏樹(shù),據(jù)說(shuō)栽種于隋代,原來(lái)這里有一座寺廟,銀杏樹(shù)就是建廟之初所栽種,據(jù)今已有1400余年的歷史。
銀杏樹(shù)高約30余米,為雌雄同株。雄株粗壯挺拔,樹(shù)徑近2米,主干4米以上開(kāi)始分叉,整個(gè)雄株的樹(shù)冠直徑有20余米。雌株在雄株的西側(cè),由雄株的根部長(zhǎng)出,樹(shù)徑雖然不過(guò)雄株的十分之一,但長(zhǎng)勢(shì)依然旺盛。雌株分兩枝,其中一枝如手臂一般的纏繞在雄株主干之上,就像一位懷抱丈夫的嬌妻倚靠在丈夫的身邊。
千年銀杏在村中被視為“神樹(shù)”,有關(guān)“神樹(shù)”的傳說(shuō)在村有很多,但歸納起來(lái)無(wú)不是說(shuō)千年銀杏有靈性,因而引起了黑心財(cái)主的貪念,在月黑風(fēng)高之夜欲砍神樹(shù)之時(shí),遭到了報(bào)應(yīng)之類(lèi)的。這類(lèi)傳說(shuō)在很多村子中都會(huì)流傳下來(lái),體現(xiàn)了村民對(duì)神樹(shù)的頂禮膜拜和對(duì)丑惡事物的憎恨。原來(lái)銀杏樹(shù)所在的地方是村中的小學(xué),課間期間經(jīng)常會(huì)有小學(xué)生爬到樹(shù)上打白果吃,但近年小學(xué)搬遷后這里就成了一處小花園,村民也認(rèn)識(shí)到了銀杏樹(shù)的歷史價(jià)值,所以在銀杏樹(shù)外圍增建了一圈護(hù)欄,并嚴(yán)禁攀爬古樹(shù)。
千年銀杏樹(shù)的東側(cè)就是白云觀。白云觀是歷城區(qū)的文物保護(hù)單位,其始建年代要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)晚于銀杏樹(shù)。據(jù)資料記載,白云觀當(dāng)年在濟(jì)南地區(qū)也是一處有名的道教宮觀,不過(guò)由于歷史的變遷,當(dāng)年曾經(jīng)輝煌一時(shí)的白云觀現(xiàn)在只剩下了一座孤零零的三清大殿。不過(guò)令人驚喜的是,白云觀中原來(lái)的重修碑刻有很多被完整的保存下來(lái),數(shù)一數(shù)大殿兩側(cè)的碑廊之中現(xiàn)存古碑共有14通之多,這在濟(jì)南地區(qū)的宗教古跡里實(shí)屬罕見(jiàn)。
古墓頂上,孝子柏六株重生
從白云觀向東南穿過(guò)高速公路涵洞后是連綿的群山,在拉塌嶺山陰的一處坡地上有一處明末清初的古墓葬,這里便是懷晉墓,當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q(chēng)之為“懷墳”。整座墓園遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)望去最吸引人注意的是古墓封土之上的六株古柏。這六株古柏被當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q(chēng)為“孝子柏”,走近細(xì)看六株古柏根枝相連,枝葉交叉異常繁茂,猶如一團(tuán)綠色的蘑菇云籠罩在方型的墓頂之上。據(jù)園林資料記載,這六株古柏樹(shù)齡均超過(guò)300年,在濟(jì)南市古樹(shù)名木中的編號(hào)是A2―0017號(hào)到0022號(hào)。
在查看古樹(shù)的過(guò)程中,筆者注意到其中的幾株古樹(shù)根部有被砍伐過(guò)的痕跡,其中0019號(hào)古樹(shù)被砍伐得最為嚴(yán)重,樹(shù)干已經(jīng)被攔腰砍斷,但側(cè)枝卻在斷口之上生根發(fā)芽,現(xiàn)也已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)成了大樹(shù)。據(jù)村里的老人介紹說(shuō),這六株柏樹(shù)當(dāng)年的確遭到了人為的砍伐,具體什么年代已經(jīng)無(wú)人知曉。柏樹(shù)如果被攔腰砍斷的話(huà),一般來(lái)說(shuō)將很難存活,但這六株孝子柏能在經(jīng)歷砍伐之災(zāi)后重獲新生,不能不說(shuō)是個(gè)奇跡了。
在與村民聊天的過(guò)程中,很多村民對(duì)于懷晉墓上孝子柏的故事大都能說(shuō)出一二。這里就不得不說(shuō)說(shuō)墓的主人――懷晉。懷晉,字麗明,明末清初的學(xué)士,祖籍山東齊河桑梓店懷家莊。他自幼聰明好學(xué),熟讀易經(jīng),并有《易經(jīng)輯要》等著作流傳于世;在濟(jì)南歷山為官之時(shí)清正廉潔,擅寫(xiě)德行文章而深受人民愛(ài)戴。明末因戰(zhàn)亂辭官而隱居村,隱居后在村中開(kāi)辦義學(xué)教書(shū)育人至終。其子懷世昌在其父死后守孝三年,并用六年時(shí)間為父修墳筑墓,以孝道而聞名鄉(xiāng)里。在修墓的過(guò)程中,懷世昌不見(jiàn)妻兒老小,吃住在墓地,而且不用任何砌壘工具,完全靠雙手將四處尋找合適到的石料搬運(yùn)至墓地,歷經(jīng)三年終于把墳?zāi)剐藓昧恕K屍拮涌匆豢葱薜迷鯓,結(jié)果妻子說(shuō):“這墳怎么沒(méi)有墊子?”懷世昌于是把墳墻全部拆掉,又重新修了三年,在每塊石頭下面都加上了墊子。目前,在“孝子墓”上,這些石墊仍然保存完好。懷世昌在墓修好之后,在墓頂親手種植了這六株柏樹(shù),希望父親的墓能萬(wàn)年常青。懷世昌的孝行感動(dòng)了村民,為表彰懷世昌的孝行;康熙御賜“惟孝能格”碑一通立于墓前。后山東承宣布政史衛(wèi)既齊又親筆書(shū)寫(xiě)“攀柏永懷”四個(gè)大字刻碑立在墓左。“攀柏永懷”碑對(duì)面則是當(dāng)年歷城縣樹(shù)立的“一門(mén)節(jié)孝”碑,并于碑之上記載了懷門(mén)節(jié)孝的事跡。
現(xiàn)在,村民們?cè)谡勂鹦⒆影刂孬@新生的事情時(shí),大都認(rèn)為是懷世昌的孝道感動(dòng)了上天,所以古柏即便遭到滅頂之災(zāi)也依然能延續(xù)生命,并愈長(zhǎng)愈旺。懷世昌的孝道直到現(xiàn)在依然影響并教育著村里人, 村之中很重視孝道,村里人都遵行“百善孝為先”,誰(shuí)家有對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩不尊不敬的現(xiàn)象,村中的人都會(huì)對(duì)其指責(zé)批評(píng),家家戶(hù)戶(hù)尊老敬老,樹(shù)立了良好的風(fēng)氣。
Kuang village is a subordinate village of Shiliulihe Area, Middle District, Jinan City. It is surrounded by mountains. In recent years, the project of “Village to Village” and the highway construction in this village have made this quiet village more and more famous. The millennium ginkgo tree and the six “dutiful son” cypresses in Kuang village have attracted many visitors.
Kuang Village is separated by a road running from east to west. Entering the village from the west, you will see the newly-built tiled houses on both sides of the road. Further on, there is a sports square with many facilities to the north of the road. Beside the square is the former primary school of the village. The school has two yards―east and west. In the east yard, there are the sports field and teaching building. The famous millennium ginkgo tree is opposite the teaching building. It was planted some 1,400 years ago in the Sui Dynasty (589 A.D.―618 A.D.) and there was a temple here at that time.
This hermaphrodite ginkgo tree is more than 30 meters high and the tree diameter is nearly two meters. Four meters up the trunk, it splits into two branching trunks. The diameter of the crown of the male trunk is more than 20 meters. The female trunk is in the west of the male trunk. The diameter of the female trunk is less than one tenth of the male, but it is still flourishing. The female trunk has two branches. One of them wraps around the male trunk, just like the arms of a wife clasped tightly round her husband.
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:山村 奇觀 古樹(shù) 山村的古樹(shù)奇觀 中國(guó)古樹(shù)奇觀圖片 村子里的古樹(shù)
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