糧農(nóng)組織：厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致中美洲國家農(nóng)作物損失慘重

　　2015年9月14日 聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織今天在羅馬發(fā)表媒體通報表示，與厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象有關(guān)的長期的旱季導(dǎo)致中美洲國家谷物產(chǎn)量銳減，并使大批當?shù)剞r(nóng)民面臨農(nóng)業(yè)援助的需要。這是連續(xù)第二年中美洲地區(qū)在主要的谷物收獲季節(jié)受到與厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象有關(guān)的嚴重旱季的負面影響。由于當?shù)財?shù)十萬的農(nóng)民在為5月至10月的主要收獲季節(jié)種植的農(nóng)作物上受到了部分或全部的損失，中美洲農(nóng)業(yè)委員會已宣布當?shù)剡M入警戒狀態(tài)。
　　糧農(nóng)組織在14日的通報中表示，受到影響的國家主要包括薩爾瓦多、危地馬拉、洪都拉斯和尼加拉瓜。薩爾瓦多和洪都拉斯60%的玉米作物被年初的不規(guī)則降雨破壞。薩爾瓦多僅在種子、肥料、殺蟲劑和土地開墾上損失就預(yù)計高達2，800萬美元。洪都拉斯另有80%的豆類作物被毀。在危地馬拉受影響最嚴重的地區(qū)，80%的作物被毀，使超過15萬戶家庭受到影響。在尼加拉瓜，50%的種植區(qū)遭到破壞，在最嚴重地區(qū)幾乎顆粒無收。
　　通報指出，由于數(shù)十萬的家庭面臨嚴重的糧食損失，這些國家的政府已開始分發(fā)包括種子、肥料和灌溉水泵在內(nèi)的農(nóng)業(yè)援助包，以盡可能幫助農(nóng)民在第二個種植季節(jié)挽回損失。目前，厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)確定將持續(xù)至明年初，當?shù)剞r(nóng)民在極為干旱的天氣條件下種植第二季的作物，預(yù)計其收獲將十分有限。
　　14 September 2015 The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO） sent a statement to media in Rome， long term drought caused by El Nino led to much loss in cereal outputs in middle American countries， and this was also the reason why many local farmers needed agriculture aid. For second year in a row， middle American region was severely affected in harvest season of main crops by extremely dry weather related to El Nino. Because hundreds of thousands of farmers suffered part or all loss on crops between May to October， the Central American Agricultural Council declared a state of alert.
　　In the statement on 14， FAO pointed out that countries being affected included Salvador， Guatemala， Honduras and Nicaragua. Among these countries， 60% of maize crop in Salvador and Honduras was damaged by irregular rainfall at the beginning of this year. In Salvador， there was estimated 28 million dollars loss merely on seed， fertilizer， pesticide and land reclamation. Aside from these， 80% legume crop in Honduras was damaged. The most severely affected area in Guatemala， 80% crop was destroyed， which had negative effect to more than 150 thousand households. In Nicaragua， 50% planting region was under destruction， and nearly nothing was reaped in the most severely affected area.
　　It was claimed in the statement that because of serious crop loss of hundreds of thousands of households were facing， these countries began distributing agricultural aid packages to help farmers recover as much as possible in the second planting season. It was confirmed that El Nino would be continuing till the beginning of next year. Meanwhile， local farmers planting crop for second season in extremely dry weather might not end well.
　　http：//www.un.org/chinese/News/story.asp？NewsID=24697

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