枸杞子藥材生產區(qū)劃研究
發(fā)布時間:2019-08-29 來源: 歷史回眸 點擊:
[摘要] 通過走訪和實地調查,收集枸杞子在全國的采樣信息。以枸杞子藥材生產區(qū)29個采樣點為分析基點,分析枸杞子中總多糖、東莨菪內酯含量,綜合氣候、地形等相關生態(tài)因子,利用GIS技術和最大信息熵模型分析枸杞子適宜性分布。應用SPSS構建枸杞子有效成分與環(huán)境因子之間的關系模型,采用ArcGIS 軟件空間計算方法進行枸杞子品質區(qū)劃。研究結果顯示影響枸杞子適宜性分布的主要生態(tài)因子為土壤pH,土壤亞類,植被類型和8月平均氣溫等4個生態(tài)因子,這與枸杞子喜干燥涼爽氣候,較耐寒,耐干旱、耐堿性土壤,適宜于分布在北溫帶平原的生活習性基本一致。此外,以總多糖、東莨菪內酯成分為指標的枸杞子品質區(qū)劃結果還提供了枸杞子品質適宜分布區(qū),為開展枸杞子合理引種栽培提供了科學依據(jù)。
[關鍵詞] 枸杞子; 生產區(qū)劃; 最大信息熵模型; 生態(tài)因子; 生態(tài)適宜性; ArcGIS
[Abstract] The distribution information of Lycii Fructus was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 46 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents the of Lycii Fructus were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. The AUC of ROC curve was both above 0.95, indicating that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise. The results showed that 5 major ecological factors had obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of Lycii Fructus, including soil pH, soil subclass, vegetation type and in August the average temperature et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the Lycii Fructus, dry, cool weather, more hardy, drought-resistant, alkali soil, which is suitable for distribution in the northern temperate plains. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the chemical constituents of Lycii Fructus also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of Lycii Fructus.
[Key words] Lycii Fructus; production regionalization; maximum entropy model(MaxEnt model); ecological factors;ecology suitability; ArcGIS
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20161703
枸杞子Lycii Fructus是一種補益類名貴中藥,為茄科植物寧夏枸杞Lycium barbarum L.的干燥成熟果實。其味甘,性平,歸肝、腎經,具滋補肝腎,益精明目之功效[1]。其始載于《神農本草經》被列為上品,謂之:“久服堅筋骨,輕身不老,耐寒暑”[2]。主要用于肝腎血虛、腰膝無力、遺精陽痿、頭暈目眩、視物不清、口渴欲飲、虛嗽等病癥[3],F(xiàn)代研究表明,枸杞子具有免疫調節(jié)、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗腫瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、降血糖、降血脂、降血壓等多種藥理活性[4-5]。
枸杞是我國一味常用藥食兩用中藥,其用量巨大。主要分布在我國西北地區(qū),寧夏、新疆、青海、甘肅、內蒙古產區(qū)最為集中,兼有華北等地有零星分布[6]。全國有枸杞子分布的地區(qū)均在大力發(fā)展枸杞子產業(yè),試圖通過枸杞子種植發(fā)展當?shù)亟洕S捎阼坭阶拥纳L有其適宜的區(qū)劃,其品質受產地生態(tài)環(huán)境影響顯著[7],而以往的研究只考慮單個環(huán)境因子對枸杞子品質的影響[8],所以現(xiàn)有的研究成果很難指導枸杞子人工種植基地的選取。
本課題組在我國枸杞子各主產區(qū)實地調查采樣與質量分析的基礎上,基于空間分析技術,利用最大信息熵模型耦合其他統(tǒng)計分析方法,探討枸杞子藥材品質和生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的關系,對藥材品質進行等級劃分,得到枸杞子生態(tài)適宜性區(qū)劃圖。研究結果對我國枸杞子藥材種植合理生產布局具有重要指導意義。
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