[“菏澤沒有退路”] 沒有退路

　　 　　作為菏澤市的主要決策者，中共菏澤市委書記陳光對(duì)“突破菏澤”有著其他人所沒有的特殊的感受。一個(gè)多月來(lái)，圍繞這項(xiàng)決策，陳光開始勾畫一個(gè)新的菏澤。他形容自己的感受是：壓力異常之大，壓得喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)�！疤�(hào)角已經(jīng)吹響，決戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)開始。菏澤已經(jīng)沒有退路，只有背水一戰(zhàn)�！�
　　
　　菏澤最后的機(jī)遇
　　
　　記者：你如何認(rèn)識(shí)“突破菏澤”這項(xiàng)重大戰(zhàn)略的意義？
　　陳光：“突破”說(shuō)明難度大、困難多、決心大、意義大。站在中共山東省委、省政府的角度，這是個(gè)大手筆，是實(shí)踐“三個(gè)代表”、立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民的具體體現(xiàn)。貧窮就沒有說(shuō)服力和號(hào)召力，只有解決菏澤欠發(fā)達(dá)的現(xiàn)狀，才能使政府立信于民，從而推動(dòng)全省的更快發(fā)展。在這個(gè)決策中，真正體現(xiàn)了科學(xué)的發(fā)展觀。東西部區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展是社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必要條件，改革開放初期提出“讓一部分地區(qū)、一部分人先富起來(lái)”，實(shí)行傾斜政策，支持東部地區(qū)富了起來(lái)�，F(xiàn)在國(guó)家開始加快西部地區(qū)的開發(fā)，具體到山東，突破菏澤也是為了東西部的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
　　“突破菏澤”對(duì)全國(guó)也有重要的意義。首先是政府行為與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的有機(jī)結(jié)合問題，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)下政府是引導(dǎo)，重要的是依靠市場(chǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)多贏。其次是在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)下，發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)與欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的互動(dòng)問題，即如何搞好協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。再次是西部干部的配置問題。西部要搞好，要依靠當(dāng)?shù)氐母刹咳罕�，合理配置干部�?duì)西部的發(fā)展具有關(guān)鍵的作用。
　　記者：剛結(jié)束不久的“加快菏澤發(fā)展現(xiàn)場(chǎng)辦公會(huì)”給菏澤帶來(lái)了什么？
　　陳光：會(huì)一開，勢(shì)一造，高潮一掀，真是群情振奮啊。特別是老百姓，簡(jiǎn)直就像看到了菏澤的春天。會(huì)后這些天，許多老干部見了我都說(shuō)，老陳啊，這回是真事咧。我在“加快發(fā)展誓師大會(huì)上”說(shuō)：貧窮落后是壓在菏澤人民頭上的一座大山，菏澤廣大干部群眾長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直忍受著貧窮落后帶來(lái)的屈辱和痛苦，盼富思變的愿望異常強(qiáng)烈，孜孜追求文明富裕，夢(mèng)寐以求甩掉貧窮落后的帽子，現(xiàn)在，號(hào)角已經(jīng)吹響，決戰(zhàn)已經(jīng)開始。
　　這次現(xiàn)場(chǎng)辦公會(huì)給菏澤帶來(lái)了改革開放的活力、加倍工作的推動(dòng)力，給縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)了拉動(dòng)力，給加快工業(yè)化進(jìn)程帶來(lái)了助動(dòng)力，給增加農(nóng)民收入帶來(lái)了支持力。省委、省政府給菏澤確定的“三個(gè)明顯”、“三個(gè)高于”、“一個(gè)新臺(tái)階”、“一個(gè)新跨越”的奮斗目標(biāo)，是最大的給予。實(shí)實(shí)在在地講，我們目前感受到的主要也是精神的力量�！巴黄坪蕽伞钡奶岢鼋o我們帶來(lái)了最現(xiàn)實(shí)、最重要也是最后的一次機(jī)遇，如果我們?cè)賳适�機(jī)遇，就是喪失菏澤的明天，就會(huì)成為不可饒恕的罪人。這些話聽起來(lái)有些過(guò)頭，可是如果了解菏澤的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況，就一點(diǎn)也不過(guò)分了。
　　
　　內(nèi)外結(jié)合求突破
　　
　　記者：“突破菏澤”的目標(biāo)和要求是什么？
　　陳光：現(xiàn)場(chǎng)辦公會(huì)給菏澤定下了“三三一一”的目標(biāo)。
　　“三個(gè)明顯”，就是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度要明顯加快，經(jīng)濟(jì)綜合實(shí)力要明顯增強(qiáng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行質(zhì)量要明顯提高；
　　“三個(gè)高于”，就是GDP的增幅要高于全省平均增長(zhǎng)幅度，固定資產(chǎn)投資增幅要高于全省平均增幅，農(nóng)民人均純收入增幅要高于全省平均增幅；
　　“一個(gè)新臺(tái)階”，就是城市規(guī)劃建設(shè)管理水平要上一個(gè)新臺(tái)階，要成為魯蘇豫皖四省交界處的區(qū)域中心城市；
　　“一個(gè)新跨越”，就是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)超常規(guī)、跨越式發(fā)展，到2007年本屆市委、市政府任期滿的時(shí)候，菏澤的GDP在2002年的基礎(chǔ)上翻一番，由250億元達(dá)到500億元，二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)的比重達(dá)到80％以上。
　　說(shuō)到底，就是要求菏澤“超常規(guī)”發(fā)展。不脫幾層皮、掉幾斤肉，這個(gè)目標(biāo)是很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
　　記者：你認(rèn)為“突破菏澤”的突破口在什么地方？
　　陳光：“冰凍三尺非一日之寒”，菏澤落后不是短時(shí)間的問題，所以在落實(shí)上不能平均用力，必須選擇突破口。我們的思路很明確，就是“解放思想、更新觀念，深化改革、擴(kuò)大開放，突出重點(diǎn)、工業(yè)立市”，突破口就是要借助外力，啟動(dòng)內(nèi)力，增加投入，上項(xiàng)目，辦企業(yè)，加強(qiáng)工業(yè)的發(fā)展�，F(xiàn)在巨野煤田正在開發(fā)，兗礦來(lái)了，華潤(rùn)發(fā)電廠已開工建設(shè)，荷蘭焦化廠項(xiàng)目也已達(dá)成意向，像這么一批幾十億上百億的項(xiàng)目引進(jìn)來(lái)，菏澤就會(huì)是另一番景象。
　　記者：在目前現(xiàn)有的條件下，該如何啟動(dòng)內(nèi)力？
　　陳光：“突破”不是說(shuō)給大項(xiàng)目，給多少錢，給優(yōu)惠政策。給的是一股強(qiáng)勁的東風(fēng)，給了干部強(qiáng)大的壓力，給了老百姓信心和斗志。怎樣啟動(dòng)內(nèi)部活力？首先是推進(jìn)思想的大解放和觀念的大更新。要看到菏澤的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)，看到菏澤豐富的自然資源，看到菏澤的巨大發(fā)展?jié)摿�，看到�?jīng)過(guò)十幾年積累的基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)條件，看到我們千載難逢的戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇，看到廣大干部群眾盼富求變的強(qiáng)烈愿望。
　　省委、省政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)上也說(shuō)，啟動(dòng)菏澤發(fā)展的內(nèi)在活力，必須堅(jiān)持深化改革，消除影響發(fā)展的體制障礙。所以，只要是符合“三個(gè)有利于”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，只要是有利于菏澤發(fā)展的，看準(zhǔn)了的事情就先干起來(lái)。怎么干？關(guān)鍵在改革創(chuàng)新，只要是為了事業(yè)發(fā)展，只要方向正確，只要主流是好的，個(gè)別方面出現(xiàn)點(diǎn)問題無(wú)關(guān)緊要。對(duì)于基層的創(chuàng)新，一時(shí)看不準(zhǔn)的，不點(diǎn)頭可以，但不要輕易搖頭，看一看，成功的就總結(jié)推廣，有問題就進(jìn)一步完善�，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)開了，差距也找到了，現(xiàn)在就是撕開口子，沖上去干的時(shí)候了，這就是戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，誰(shuí)還在那里左顧右盼、慢慢悠悠，“槍子”就專打誰(shuí)。菏澤的干部不能搞平衡，不能當(dāng)實(shí)習(xí)生，必須立馬就干，不能干就下。
　　記者：在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展上，菏澤的潛力在哪里？
　　陳光：菏澤是農(nóng)業(yè)大市，必須在此基礎(chǔ)上尋求發(fā)展與突破�，F(xiàn)在，菏澤的縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)集中體現(xiàn)在棉花生產(chǎn)與加工、木材加工、牛羊肉加工三大產(chǎn)業(yè)，已經(jīng)初具規(guī)模，成了優(yōu)勢(shì)和特色。這三大產(chǎn)業(yè)特色突出的鄆城縣，明年就可進(jìn)入全省第一梯隊(duì)。
　　經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理是菏澤經(jīng)濟(jì)的最大癥結(jié)，菏澤要實(shí)現(xiàn)跨越式發(fā)展，必須把結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整作為經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的重中之重，努力調(diào)優(yōu)調(diào)減第一產(chǎn)業(yè)，做大做強(qiáng)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)，創(chuàng)新搞活第三產(chǎn)業(yè)。我們要建設(shè)全省重要的優(yōu)質(zhì)綠色農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品加工基地，著力點(diǎn)是抓畜牧和食品加工業(yè)、林業(yè)和林產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)、高檔果蔬花卉業(yè)三大亮點(diǎn)；要建設(shè)商貿(mào)流通基地，著力點(diǎn)是抓好菏澤口岸建設(shè)、輻射全國(guó)的大型專業(yè)批發(fā)市場(chǎng)建設(shè)和物流配送中心建設(shè)三大亮點(diǎn)；要建設(shè)山東省重要的能源化工基地，著力點(diǎn)是抓好煤炭能源綜合開發(fā)、石油天然氣綜合開發(fā)、精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)品綜合開發(fā)三大亮點(diǎn)。
　　在轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力方面，菏澤有農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力400萬(wàn)，剩余200萬(wàn)，菏澤的勞務(wù)輸出大有文章可做。菏澤一方面要搞城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌，還要搞區(qū)域統(tǒng)籌。目前已經(jīng)建立起了特色勞務(wù)市場(chǎng)，重點(diǎn)打造保安、家政、園藝三大品牌。去年從菏澤轉(zhuǎn)移出去了93萬(wàn)人，今后三年內(nèi)，省政府再幫助我們轉(zhuǎn)移60萬(wàn)人，我相信出去的人不僅有工作做，有飯吃，還能帶回來(lái)資金、技術(shù)、管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)菏澤的發(fā)展是有巨大促進(jìn)作用的。
　　
　　轉(zhuǎn)變觀念促發(fā)展
　　
　　記者：你總結(jié)菏澤發(fā)展時(shí)曾提到觀念落后，具體體現(xiàn)在哪些方面？
　　陳光：自上世紀(jì)90年代中期，菏澤的經(jīng)濟(jì)就徘徊不前，然而，就是面對(duì)這樣一個(gè)無(wú)可辯駁且令人尷尬的現(xiàn)實(shí)，有些人就是不承認(rèn)，說(shuō)起話來(lái)“牛氣”沖天：“別看我們工業(yè)不行，農(nóng)業(yè)不比他們差�！碑�(dāng)然也有承認(rèn)落后的，但一說(shuō)起落后的原因，又成了“怨氣”，都是上級(jí)政策的錯(cuò)――不給傾斜政策，不投入，怎么能不欠發(fā)達(dá)？隨之是“喪氣”，許多人看不到菏澤的潛力與希望，喪失發(fā)展的勇氣和信心。有人公開講：菏澤是跟不上了，克林頓來(lái)當(dāng)市長(zhǎng)也沒用！
　　總體上說(shuō)，菏澤的干部是好的，但也存在這樣那樣的問題。首先是工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)太低，辦法少，不敢碰硬。東部干部干工作常常是這樣的：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)交代了十分，他自己會(huì)用十二分的措施、二十四分的干勁去抓落實(shí)，由于種種困難和問題，他能干到七分、八分；而我們菏澤的有些干部，你布置十分，他就琢磨：先等等看看再說(shuō)，別看上邊說(shuō)得硬，這個(gè)事情沒法辦。結(jié)果回去定目標(biāo)的時(shí)候就照著五六分定，能干成二三分就算不錯(cuò)的。有的時(shí)候要催上三遍五遍，他才有反應(yīng)，“看樣子這事還真得干”，然后才見動(dòng)靜。
　　還有的人作風(fēng)十分漂浮。你開會(huì)布置個(gè)事，他回去把文件往桌上一放，下級(jí)問他怎么辦，他讓人家看著辦。匯報(bào)起來(lái)總是“差不多”、“大概”，工作不細(xì)致，鉆不下去。這里邊有文化的原因、氛圍的原因、用人導(dǎo)向的原因，我認(rèn)為主要還是教育不夠，放任自流；約束不夠，缺少批評(píng)與監(jiān)督；激勵(lì)不夠，沒有調(diào)動(dòng)起干真事的積極性�？吹搅诉@些差距，就是看到了我們的潛力，改了它，就是潛力的發(fā)揮。
　　記者：菏澤準(zhǔn)備如何解決這個(gè)問題？
　　陳光：首先是不間斷地教育動(dòng)員�，F(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)后的1個(gè)月里，我們組織召開了兩次全市范圍的動(dòng)員大會(huì)：一個(gè)是加快發(fā)展誓師大會(huì)，一個(gè)是全市干部作風(fēng)集中教育整頓活動(dòng)動(dòng)員大會(huì)，主要目的是進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)變干部群眾的思想觀念，統(tǒng)一思想認(rèn)識(shí)，明確任務(wù)目標(biāo)，把全市的精力都凝聚到加快菏澤發(fā)展上來(lái) ，實(shí)現(xiàn)“突破菏澤”的目標(biāo)。在突破期間，要嚴(yán)格考核獎(jiǎng)懲制度，抓一批典型，有好的也有壞的，通過(guò)考核獎(jiǎng)懲考出壓力、考出干勁、考出好的作風(fēng)和成效。
　　記者：你認(rèn)為菏澤的突破大體需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？
　　陳光：當(dāng)年我們就能見成效，3年就很好看，5年見大成效。比如說(shuō)投入，2003年我們共投入了162億元，從目前的進(jìn)度和配套資金進(jìn)入情況看，2004年投資增幅達(dá)到100％是沒有問題的。從GDP看，2003年菏澤的增長(zhǎng)是12.3%，處于一個(gè)快速增長(zhǎng)期，特別是農(nóng)民收入高于全省增幅。菏澤正處于工業(yè)化初期，這個(gè)時(shí)期恰恰屬于投資拉動(dòng)期和高速發(fā)展期，有了外資的投入和內(nèi)部活力的啟動(dòng)，菏澤的超常規(guī)發(fā)展是可以預(yù)期的。
　　
　　As the key decision maker of Heze City, Chen Guang, the secretary of the CPC Heze Municipal Committee, has a special sense concerning the decision “Breaking through Heze,” which has been carried forward by the provincial government. Over the previous month, centering round this strategic decision, Chen has been making blueprints for a new Heze. He says that “the pressure to make this successful” is too heavy to give him time to catch his breath. “The clarion call has been sounded to commence the battle: Heze cannot retreat, but must put up a desperate fight.”
　　Reporter (R): What do you think about the significance of the great strategic decision of “Breaking though Heze?”
　　Chen Guang (Chen): “Breaking through” means difficulties, determination, and great significance. Seen from the viewpoint of the provincial government, this is a grand decision to serve the people by practicing the “Three Represents Theory.” (The party should always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)
　　Poverty attracts no one. Only changing the undeveloped status of Heze can make the government of Heze trusted by the people and promote the rapid development of the whole country. So the decision of “Breaking through Heze” gives expression to the ideology of scientific development. The coordinated regional economic development of the eastern and western areas of Shandong is a necessary condition for the sustainable development of Shandong’s economy.
　　During the early period of China’s reform and opening-up, the central government promulgated a policy to “enable some people and some regions to become rich first,” and this was successful in improving incomes in the eastern regions. Now, the central government is speeding up the development of the western regions. In Shandong, “Breaking through Heze” also has the broader aim of promoting the coordinated development of the eastern and western areas of Shandong Province.
　　In addition, “Breaking through Heze” has important significance for the whole country. First of all, this is a flexible combination of exercising governmental powers within the developing market economy. [In western countries, it is often thought that the market should operate by itself, without much government regulation or interference, but here in China, we believe that] the government should play a guiding role to ensure that a “win-win” result for all concerned parties is achieved by the workings of the market.
　　Secondly, in a market economy, and especially in China today, how to deal with the coordination of and balance between developed and the undeveloped regions is a major concern. Thirdly, the allocation of cadres in the western regions. To develop the western region, we must rely on the local cadres and masses. The reasonable allocation of cadres plays an important function on the development of the western region.
　　R: What has the recently concluded “On-the-Spot Working Conference on Speeding up the Development of Heze” brought for Heze?
　　 Chen: This on-the-spot working conference has brought about vitality for Heze’s further reform and opening-up and power for further work. It also has brought about power for the development of the county regional economy, the speeding-up of the industrialization process, and the impetus to increase the income of farmers.
　　Shandong’s provincial government has determined a working goal for Heze, which comprises “Three Remarkables,” “Three Highers,” “One New Step,” and “One New Great Leap Forward.” This is the most powerful support for Heze. Honestly speaking my mind at present, what we feel most is strong spiritual support from the provincial government. “Breaking through Heze” has brought for us a most realistic, most important, and yet a final opportunity. If we lose this opportunity, we will lose Heze’s tomorrow and become the persons held up to infamy through the ages. My words sound overwhelming. However, if you know the current status of Heze today, they are not overwhelming at all.
　　R: What are the goals and requirements for “Breaking through Heze?”
　　Chen: The on-the-spot working conference set a “3-3-1-1” goal for Heze.
　　First, the “Three Remarkables” means a remarkable speeding-up of economic development, a remarkable growth of comprehensive economic strength, and a remarkable promotion of the quality of economic operations.
　　Second, the “Three Highers” means that the growth rate of our GDP should be higher than the average growth rate within the whole province; the increase of fixed assets investment should be higher than the average in the province; and the increase of pure income per capita of the farmers should be higher than average.
　　 Third, “One New Step” means that the overall level of city planning, construction and management should be promoted to “One New Step,” turning Heze into a major center city connecting the neighboring provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan and Anhui.
　　Fourth, “One New Great Leap Forward” means that the macro economy of Heze should quickly realize extraordinary development. In 2007, the term of office of the current government will be over; and our intention is that the GDP of Heze will double from 25 billion yuan in 2002 to 50 billion yuan in 2006, while secondary and tertiary industries will account for 80% of the total.
　　R: In terms of economic development, where do Heze’s chief potentials lie?
　　Chen: At present, Heze’s advantageous economic power is concentrated on cotton production and processing, timber processing, and beef and mutton processing, which have formed initial scales of success with advantages and special characteristics.
　　We will construct large bases to promote commerce and trade. For example, we will concentrate on the construction of land ports, large scale professional wholesale markets, and logistics centers radiating in all directions nationwide. We will also construct important bases for energy resources and the chemical industry; and these will concentrate on the comprehensive development of our coal, oil, and natural gas resources, as well as fine chemical products.

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