£VϵW(xu)vʷW(xu)
l(f)r(sh)g:2020-06-06 Դ: vʷ c(din)
gߣKУߣͣ
}⣺@ƪҊHommage a Jean Hyppolite (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1971) 14572(j)Paul RabinowӢİThe Foucault Reader (Pantheon House, 1984) һNietzsche, Genealogy, Historyһg
1 VϵW(xu)ǻҰġ(x)µĺĵīI(xin)̎һysȱȫ(jng)`Ƥļ
ʹ˶ԣӢһ_•*һNξl(f)չµĚvʷ(g)µĚvʷ䄓(chung)ʼsȫnjP(gun)עٶZ~ĺxٶʼKһָijһ(g)ķ߀ٶ˼(jin)Լ߉
ٶ˂fҪвڞ˂֪ԵӊZbȦȻVϵW(xu)ͱ횿]@Щ棺ڲ]κΆһĽKOfinalityr(bio)¼Ī(d)ԣ
ڳϵĵط҂ͨJ(rn)]КvʷĵطС֪Сغ@Щ¼
회¼جF(xin)Ǟۙ¼M(jn)ĝuM(jn)ҳ¼ݲͬɫIJͬ
VϵW(xu)߀횽綨]гF(xin)@Щ¼ĵط]аl(f)@Щ¼ĕr(sh)̣ڔţD͛]гɞºĬ£
VϵW(xu)Ҫĺ˽⼚(x)(ji)هԭʼϵĴeġ[1]ǡĴe(cu)`ֱӮa(chn)Ǐġ@۵ġopص(j)һNdz(yn)ķ[2]֮VϵW(xu)YČW(xu)RVϵW(xu)ҕvʷW(xu)ČڌW(xu)B** ʽ۹У܌W(xu)һӹ෴Nx͟oMĿՓԪ?d)vʷʽչdeploymentԴ
2 ҂l(f)F(xin)UrsprungԴһ~ЃɷN÷һNӏ(qing){(dio)cg(sh)ZEntstehungF(xin) Herkunft, AbkunftԴ, GeburtQQʹڡVϵW(xu)һУEntstehungUrsprungͬӿÁָx(w)ؓ(f)еԴ
[3]ڡ옷ĿƌW(xu)ӑՓ߉֪Rr(sh)Ɍ@ߵԴӅ^(q)eʹUrsprungEntstehungHerkunft[4]
ɏ(qing){(dio)@(g)~һN÷Еr(sh)߀һ(g)g(sh)Zͬһ(g)g(sh)ZڡԵ̫ԵġĵһζόW(xu)ԴWunderUrsprungÁcvʷ܌W(xu)ķvʷ܌W(xu)P(gun)HerkunftAnfangĆ}߀һNSa(chn)`ķʽʹUrsprungһ~˂DԁһֱҵĵµԴUrsprungЩ˅С۽Y(ji)Փ
Pudenda Origo[5]҂(yng)(dng)?sh)ȥڽ̵ԴUrspung屾AJ(rn)ڽԴһNČځζόW(xu)УdzһNl(f)ErfindungһNһNёKunststckһNطʹһNg(sh)һNSchwarzknstlerĽ^С[6]
@Щg(sh)Z÷ԼUrsprungһ~÷׃VϵW(xu)һ(g)Ҫı@ƪµһ_ʼɾͽ綨ĿڿƫҊԴʹõg(sh)ZHerkunftSԼ@(g)}ģԼ(dng)ꡰRġ܌W(xu)һΕr(sh)Ǖr(sh)ϵǷ회ԴГ(dn)؟(z)J(rn)@(g)}ܿЦ֮ǡ(dng)?sh)ظһNUrsprungČ˺ܿ@(g)g(sh)Z˱_•Ļ(dng)[7]߀M(jn)һʹһNġԵ̫Եġ_ʼ͵ʽ@ՄˡO(sh) Herkunfthypothesen@ʹHerkunftһ~S?yn)ÁָԵ̫ԵġһԁһЩӑՓxԼP֮ԴıȻ@ЩıʹõĶUrsprung һ~[8]@ӿڡVϵW(xu)@һc(din)ϣHerkunftUrsprungɂ(g)~֮g@NЃr(ji)ֵ10ǰ߀@N@Nضxʹ@ɂ(g)g(sh)ZԓԵֲӅ^(q)ֵʹ@ɂ(g)~[9]
ʲôijЩϣVϵW(xu)ɾܽ^Դ?yn)錤ԴŬռĴ_б|(zh)ĿԼļT֮ϵͬһԣԼڵżȻĺ^Ė|IJ׃ʽ@һNԴҪҵѽ(jng)ǵĖ|@(g)|Էӳ
@ǰб܉l(f)D(zhun)ԎӋ(j)͂b(dng)żl(f)Ė|
@ҪժߣK¶һNԴͬһȻVϵW(xu)ȥA vʷŷζόW(xu)͕l(f)F(xin)ﱳһ(g)ȫͬĖ|DzһNor(sh)g|(zh)@ӵһ(g)@Щﶼ]б|(zh)fı|(zh)һc(din)c(din)؏Įʽн(gu)ġôǣһNȫġʽżȻZufallСa(chn)
[10]ͿƌW(xu)ć(yn)ԵĈ(zh)a(chn)ڌW(xu)߂ļgijҕҟoֹӑՓԼ(qing)٣@Щڂ(g)gĠ[11]ɣ˂ĸԴycc(lin)ϵһĆ(sh)H@һֻ^ǡy(tng)AһNl(f) [12]Ěvʷ_l(f)F(xin)(jin)ƵԴµͬһԣ
ǸNIJһһN⣨disparity***
vʷW(xu)߀̌(do)҂?ni)γЦԴf(yn)FԴ^ǡζόW(xu)ķʽl(f)չ@һN^Q֮HF鱾|(zh)[13] ˂ţc(din)
ʊZĿس֮F(xin)ڵһ(g)峿oӰĹâԴډ䡣w͕r(sh)g
cT(lin)ϵԴĹ¿ͬVϵǘӱV힡vʷ_ǵvģ@fĵvӵ_һ֔(jn)ҕcSǡǡҪ?d)һ?f)˂ԇDͨ^ָ˵ʥQԈD톾ߟoϸУ@l·ѱˣ?yn)һֻԳվ̎[14] (dng)ˆ̕r(sh)Ҫ׃ɵĘӾ͕oһ(g)Ę
D˹ԼҲֻһֱ·[
Դһ(g)ǰٶcǰc(din)(lin)ϵԴ(dng)ڵĵط˻صһ(g)Ќ(sh)C֪RĽ^c(din)Դ@(g)c(din)ʹһN°l(f)F(xin)Դ֪Rɞܣ@N֪Rੲ֮в̓(gu)@NԴJ(rn)R@һԴһ(g)Bc(din)@cԒZ(lin)ϵһ𡣵@һBӲɱҪʧԒZʹԴģ壬NE@һNȫµČvʷĚ̑B(ti)ʹ҂@NP(gun)ϵ^ʹ˂ŗഺڡòҎ(gu)ı(sh)He(cu)`ǧIJ҂Ѳš(dng)漆Ȼ
҂(jng)vѽ(jng)ʹ҂fˡ[15]o@һNe(cu)`og?yn)ښvʷLڱ^ѽ(jng)o׃[16]톖}еķge(cu)`ę(qun)cę(qun)l(f)չķʽtʹõ
SHHoЩ
Ȼһ(g)o磬x˰ο˺˵pؽɫ
(dng)һ(g)o̎ͳMìܵĸܽ^ˣy@͘(gu)һvʷһό҂Q֮(sh)Hυse(cu)`ĚvʷԴĽy(tng)ΣښvʷжĚvʷֻǮ(dng)âٰl(f)죬ٳ賿ҲǡӰ̵һ˲һ^҂߳@һvʷ[17]
һNоr(ji)ֵ¡Լ֪RVϵW(xu)h(yun)ȥԴh(yun)њvʷķNN(dng)ɲĖ|Ե෴oSÿ(g)_˵ļ(x)֦ĩ(ji)żl(f)¼
һzƈעСС
ȴijF(xin)гһ¶ĿߵĿF(xin)oՓăǟoɵͨ^ھ桱߀Еr(sh)gԌmÓԌm䌍(sh)ě]ʲôѺVϵW(xu)Ҫ?d)vʷP(gun)ԴĻ䷽ʽһ(g)Ҫt(y)(q)sԼ`Ӱă(yu)܌W(xu)ҡ܉J(rn)vʷT¼ĵʎ⡢οĄyԳܵʧf_ˡzͬӣu܌W(xu)ԒZҲ߀܉\wļ(qing)Ġr˥ߺ͵ֿvʷһNɵęC(j)wr(sh)(qing)r(sh)̓r(sh)[[(dng)r(sh)ѣؿ}y
ֻζόW(xu)ҲŕԴhȥԼ`
3 EntstehungF(xin)Herkunft ()ܱUrsprungԴ@(g)~_ؘ(bio)RVϵW(xu)
ͨgԴ҂ͱŬ´_ǡ(dng)÷
Herkunft ()һ~ஔ(dng)(stock)Ѫy(tng)(descent)
Թԁ`ij(g)ȺwѪy(tng)𱰵ȼȺwSϵHerkunft ķ漰N͵Ŀ][18]ԇDRЩȫij(g)(g)wijNлij(g)^@Щ҂ſԷQ?yu)顰ϣD˵ġӢ˵ġ
㌎fһЩġ(d)صĺ͂(g)w֮£sub-individualĘ(bio)ӛ@Щ(bio)ӛܕҽĶ(gu)һ(g)yԽ_ľW(wng)@(g)Դh(yun)һ(g)ƣresemblanceķʹ˂ͬԒxԱfp`꣬J(rn)@Ӿѽ(jng)ď(f)s
ijN(sh)ֵĮ(dng)߸ǡ(dng)?sh)fԇDշNϵĻs(sh)HǏ@NsЮa(chn)[19]Ǐġ`ꡱbǽy(tng)һҡһNJ(rn)ͬһµĵطl(f)VϵW(xu)_ʼо_o(sh)_Úvʷ۹ͿԺģE͵ɫʡѪy(tng)ķʹ⡰ҡ@(g)նľC֮֮̎ԴԿvŵ¼ķ
Ѫy(tng)ķ߀(zhn)S(j)ij(g)Ī(d)òl(f)F(xin)¼ķͨ^@Щ¼Ҳ̝@Щ¼@Щ¼鱳ŵγVϵW(xu)QҪؽһ(g)Խ˱zɢB(ti)ĺBm(x)
x(w)ҪC^ȥڬF(xin)֮зeOذl(f)]^m(x)ܵxF(xin)ԻҲյd˥ɔ֮Ϗ(qing)һNһ_ʼѹõʽVϵcij(g)Nݻһ(g)\(yn)ɡ෴SѪy(tng)ď(f)sM(jn)̾Ҫһѽ(jng)^ȥ¼еɢB(ti)
(bio)RЩżȻ¼Щıxȫ^(bio)RЩe(cu)`ӵur(ji)ԼӋ(j)㣬@һ(do)Щ^m(x)ڲ҂Ѓr(ji)ֵQ
Ҫl(f)F(xin)ڲλ҂֪҂ǵĸԴλTżȻ¼ⲿexteriority[20]o?yn)@һc(din)(dng)?sh)µԴCȻr(sh)Herkunft͏δ˾͕[21]
@ӵѪy(tng)o҂һNΣU(xin)za(chn)(c(din)̎xһ)
ںܶĈϣɶHerkunft Erschaftz@ɂ(g)g(sh)Z(lin)ϵM҂(yng)(dng)Ϯ(dng)_J(rn)@һza(chn)һN@һNռeۺ̻
㌎fһ(g)ɔѿpԼ|(zh)Ә(gu)ɵIJ(wn)ļă(ni)ߏ{ǂ(g)^ߣijЩg(sh)vYò@ǟo(sh)߉(zhn)_\ͲʽY(ji)ՓK@Щ}?zhn)ס[22]Ѫy(tng)ьǵ춨A(ch)෴(dng)uЩǰJ(rn)ǹ̶׃Ė|
ǰJ(rn)ǽy(tng)һĖ|
@ʾǰ鱣һµĖ|(sh)HǮ|(zh)߀ʲôܽ(jng)@NьԼߛQx߀ʲô֪Rܽ(jng)@Nьһ(g)ռӛT(sh)M(jn)CͷgČW(xu)һNVϵW(xu)ķϿdzȻ⡱ I(xin)^ij͕й¶ӛTеďUfļɎqo@Щ˲ĸ݅[23]
Ѫy(tng)cwoP(gun)[24]wF(xin)(jng)ϵy(tng)wF(xin)ښ|(zh)wF(xin)C(j)У
ȷµ^e(cu)M(jn)ʳywƣvֻ̓Ҫ݅СЃr(ji)ֵӵw͕ų̓ξe(cu)`ĽY(ji)KxϵҲf?yn)鷸e(cu)`͌(do)а?yn)鱳xij(g)ԴwoՓ(qing)ܱe(cu)`ļsͬҲm(x)@NԴѪy(tng)һֻ^һND(zhun)ķʽʲô˂l(f)@N˼ڤʲôx@NڷʽһN߃r(ji)ֵʲôҪxڳ˼γɵЩ̓(gu)Խ^ҰUr(sh)ij(g)(g)w˥еԼƣv˻ˣāˣڶڃ(ni)]]ʳ׃fһ(g)õˣҲôΣU(xin)ˡı^x^ֻTֻ˼@NB(ti)£׃˼Һ֪ͨ^M(jn)һl(f)չš[25]@(g)wԼӰ@һwÿ?xn)|ʳԼڳwϣ˂ҵ^ȥ¼ӡҲa(chn)ʧe(cu)`@Щʧe(cu)`ҲwнY(ji)һڴͻȻF(xin)ǣwҲ˴˷xl(f)(zhn)Ӱ푕M(jn)yԿ˷ě_ͻ@(g)wӛ¼ZԘ(bio)ӛ¼˼¼ČҲ̎ڴ˱F(xin)һ(g)y(tng)һ(sh)wĻһ(g)һֱ̎L(fng)еVϵW(xu)һNѪy(tng)Bwcvʷ(yng)ԓʾһ(g)ȫvʷMӡwʹݚwĚvʷ
4 EntstehungtָF(xin)emergencedĕr(sh)ǬF(xin)ԭtͪ(d)Ҏ(gu)˂ڲgBm(x)ЌҳҲѳF(xin)e(cu)(dng)Kr(sh)
۾Áҕ˼ģPҲHHӽĿ@ЩY(ji)ǽKY(ji)(sh)HσHHһϵЮ(dng)r(sh)IJ۾ÁC͑(zhn)
PһֱT(f)(q)rܺߺͿև?bio)@ЩɫɫҪζόW(xu)ҰѬF(xin)ڷԴ̎ʹ˂@һ(g)Ŀĵصĺ@һζόW(xu)ԇDʬF(xin)Դĕr(sh)̡ȻVϵW(xu)´_NͬwƣxA(y)Ҋ֧żȻΑ
F(xin)T(gu)ɵijNB(ti)Юa(chn)F(xin)ķNΑ䷽ʽ@Щl(f)(dng)Ķᘌh(hun)l(f)(dng)ĶЩDͨ^@Щķʹ֮ࠎ˻«@Ŭ磬ᘌЩ|(zh)ϿDzlij־Ñ(zhn)С_һ(g)N(dng)ĻģijF(xin)䶨͡(sh)@һNҪһ(g)N(sh)F(xin)ʽ횾г־ԡy(tng)һԺͺĶ܉@cNĶcеıߵĶдȥһ(dng)@(g)NȡÄҲܵ{r(sh)ѳɸNƷNĂ(g)w֮g˴ˠZ͟ΨxĶչ_(g)wһЩ׃͕T(gu)ɵһ(g)B(ti)гF(xin)ˡ[26]߀Щr(sh)cҲHڳ^֮H^ȕr(sh)l(f)ѣ߀l(f)˥֮HLƣЫ@
ƣʩӽĥoϸߵĵr(ji)ֵĻ齻Q«@@һ^Qˣa(chn)һ(g)˻ı֮@(g)Լ[27]Ҳ@һ^ڽ̸ĸF(xin)ǡǡl(f)ڽ̕ĵط
[28]16o(j)؟(z)Pw͚vʷʹĶɞһN֪ļڽ
F(xin)TLjڣ
F(xin)@Щıl(f)ĻS_ǰÿNMഺɷQ֮֮ġȺF(xin) Entstehungsherd[29]wF(xin)ڏ(qing)ߵߵķ_еf挦Bӵһ(g)ֲB(ti)@һ(g)gʹ@ЩͥY
@һ(g)̓գ@Щքݺo{Ѫy(tng)ָDZܵƷ|(zh)(qing)ԼwϵĘ(bio)ӛôF(xin)ָһ(g)Ĉܰһ(g)l(f)ķ]Ĉŵƽ
෴ͬڷƐr(sh)չF(xin)ǘ@һ(g)Ljnon-lieunon-placeٸ挦ľxζւһ(g)ͬgF(xin)ܚwκηҲoκһԘsҫ?yn)ǰl(f)֮g
ijNx@(g)]Ј_ݵĿֻһ֧ߺͱ֧ߟoֹ(f)ݵđijЩˌ˵֧䌧(do)˃r(ji)ֵķֻ
[30]A֧a(chn)ɵ^
[31]˂ZȡƷ(qing)ӽo@Щ|һNԭ]еijm(x)׃ԣԼ(qing)ʹ֮ͬ@Щf߉Q[32]@N֧P(gun)ϵһ(g)P(gun)ϵ֧l(f)Ĉfһ(g)һ
ǡǡ@(g)ԭښvʷÿr(sh)ÿ֧係ǹ̶ڃxʽУ
Cx(w)͙(qun)
ƶ(x)µij֧w(ni)˘(bio)־ӛӛ˂(w)ĎĿ֧䌧(do)@(g)ɱҎ(gu)t(gu)ɵ磬@ЩҎ(gu)tҪͱ㌎l(f)]áЩy(tng)˂e(cu)`Ԟһ˷һ˵đ(zhn)ìĴMŗͷʹƽķɶK෴Ҏ(gu)tһNӋ(j)䐂һNA(y)Ӌ(j)Ѫ
@N옷rѪֲ༤l(f)֧Լ(x)؏(f)ı_@NںƽĿׅf(xi)İԼڷɵĬĬijNشĵijN(do)·ɮa(chn)ĹӋ(j)֧ĽY(ji)(sh)֧ĵe(cu)^ʧ֪Լ؟(z)ΣF(xin)֮Դ@(g)(qun)I(lng)
Ȱl(f)ͬϰl(f)κش֮Ȱl(f)һrѪġ[33]ԣhumanityǽ(jng)v˟o(sh)(zhn)ֱ_(d)ĻҎ(gu)tKȡˑ(zhn)
һ(g)Ҏ(gu)tϵy(tng)Ы@M(jn)O(sh)бĶ֧~֧
@һҎ(gu)t|(zh)ʹԌʹF(xin)ڵ֧һN֧䡣Ҏ(gu)tǿնDZǛ]нKY(ji)Ŀĵ
Է(w)κĿ(yng)κԸvʷĴΑ?q)܉ȡ@ЩҎ(gu)tˣЩеλʹ@ЩҎ(gu)t߀@һЩˣbҎ(gu)tD(zhun)Ҏ(gu)tĺxʹҎ(gu)tʹҎ(gu)t^ᘌЩ(dng)(qing)Ҏ(gu)t
@ЩM(jn)@һ(f)sC(j)ʹ@NC(j)\(yn)ʹ֧߱ԼҎ(gu)t֧䡣˂(f)ἰġF(xin)ͬһ⺭^F(xin)
㌎f@ЩF(xin)ÓQԼȫPD(zhun)ĽY(ji)fnj[Դе⺭¶ԒôֻζόW(xu)Եγɡfǽ_ȡһ(g)o|(zh)⺭Ҏ(gu)twϵǽo@(g)wϵ(qing)һ(g)ʹ֮һ(g)µ־(qing)cһ(g)Αʹ֮ڵڶ(g)Ҏ(gu)tôԵγɾһϵеĽVϵW(xu)(yng)ԓѵµ^ĺζόW(xu)ĚvʷɸĚvʷĚvʷDzͬጵġF(xin)@Ҫʹ@Щvʷl(f)ڸNM(jn)̵_ϵ¼ʬF(xin)
5 ҂VϵW(xu)x錦Herkunft͡F(xin)EntstehungM(jn)ео@c˂ͨfĚvʷW(xu)ʲôP(gun)ϵ(dng)Ȼ˂֪ɌvʷW(xu)Щָ؟(z)҂r(sh)@һc(din)һԡ^Еr(sh)VϵW(xu)Чʷwirkliche HistorieںܶrҲVϵW(xu)vʷvʷС[34](sh)ϣġϕr(sh)˵ij˼ĵڶ_ʼɾ͏ā]ֹͣu@һNvʷW(xu)@NvʷW(xu)ˣҿǼٶˣһ(g)vʷҕc(din)@NvʷǰѶKsr(sh)gĶMϳһ(g)ȫҷ]Ŀw
@Nvʷʹ҂һNͽʽ^ȥһЩ(dng)ʎ
@NvʷĽKO۹^ȥһЩ@NvʷW(xu)ҵĚvʷڕr(sh)g֮⌤һ(g)֧c(din)QДĻA(ch)һNA(y)ʾKOapocalypticĿ^ԡȻ@Nvʷsٶ`겻ԼʼKͬһRһvʷОһNvʷҕ֧͕ζόW(xu)ãζόW(xu)ͨ^њvʷм{^ƌW(xu)һҲͿԼġ(qing)ӽovʷСһvʷвJ(rn)@Щ^(xing)Ǵ_oɵģҎ(gu)@NζόW(xu)ĶͳVϵW(xu)й@ӵԒcvʷ(yng)ľǷNֱxͷɢJ۹
@NĿ܉҂֮̎̎߅Ė|@NֽԵ۹܉ҽ܉Ĩȥ˵Ĵڽy(tng)һԣ˂ٶͨ^@NڵĽy(tng)һ˵ߟo쵽^ȥ
ښvʷ@Чʷl(f)]vʷЌñJ(rn)鲻Ė|׃^С҂ò׃džÿһNУeǷNFȻĚvʷ҂űdž{(dio)׃ăһذl(f)]՚vʷ֪R֪@Щܲһwǧ׃?ni)fr(sh)(qing)r(sh)Ӱ푺Сvʷ֪RͰ˱ܵľD(zhun)ЩһT͕oؚ\(yn)(dng)[35]҂oՓΣwֻҎ(gu)҂wܚvʷӰ@Ҳe(cu)`ġ@(g)wǞһϵw
(x)TڹϢ(ji)յĹ(ji)ࣻ
ʳr(ji)ֵʳ(x)T͵ɷԼһƵĖ|w
ҲγһЩֿ[36]Чʷcy(tng)vʷIJ֮ͬ̎]г(xing)ˡʹwҲ⡪(dng)Л]ʲô|̶J(rn)R˵ĻA(ch)y(tng)vʷ^ȥr(sh)ښvʷĿwȥ^ȥ҂^ȥr(sh)һ(g)(dng)Bm(x)\(yn)(dng)@Щ|ϵy(tng)P҂ͱ@ЩּJ(rn)һԣοõΑ֪RʹǴvʷ̖Ҳָ°l(f)F(xin)䲻ָ҂°l(f)F(xin)(dng)vʷ҂ĴBm(x)ԕr(sh)vʷͳɞ顰Чʷˡ?yn)vʷʹ҂зֻʹ҂ıܑʹ҂wӻЧʷδǷNCȻķ(wn)ԵңЧʷSڤڤ֮һNB̲׃ǧĽKc(din)Ϳ˂ϲgoO(sh)ĻA(ch)ҵع˂QBm(x)ԡ@?yn)֪RÁ(c(din)̎xһ)
Áֽ⣨trancher
ʹ˶҂ץסĚvʷеǷNcy(tng)vʷЧʷĚvʷЧʷͨһ(g)¼ıl(f)cBm(x)ԵıȻԃ֮g_P(gun)ϵ(g)vʷW(xu)W(xu)ĻxģĂy(tng)AڰѪ(d)¼һ(g)Bm(x)֮һ(g)ĿՓ\(yn)(dng)һ(g)Ȼ朗lȻЧʷǏ¼(d)rĵطʹ¼@F(xin)¼ͲһΛQһ(xing)lsһνy(tng)һ(zhn)(gu)ɵһNP(gun)ϵDZۊZę(qun)֮ì֮һNʹи֧һ(g)ߵġߡijF(xin)ښvʷõȲ\(yn)ҲəC(j)ƵǑ(zhn)(do)µęC(j)ĽY(ji)[37]]гʬF(xin)һNԭDһBʽҲ]вȡһNY(ji)ֵΑB(ti)?yn)@ЩwF(xin)¼SC(j)(d)cǂ(g)ȫһ(g)ʥ֩뿗͵Ļ෴Ҳͬڷў־ľor(ji)ֵI(lng)ĹϣDЧʷֻ֪һ(g)]KOֻСȻԵFۓu(dng)C(j)ӺС[38]C(j)εdz麞ÿһԇDͨ^(qun)־ՙC(j)ćLԇs(do)˸L(fng)U(xin)ęC(j)Ķ˙C(j)ـע[39]҂֪粢@(g)ӣһ(g)wY(ji)Ǻεֻʣ±|(zh)KxʼĺKăr(ji)ֵ¼ʧҊ෴@(g)ɴe(cu)C(f)s¼(gu)ɵȥƺɫʰߔ⡱Ҳ?yn)һe(cu)`ͻX[40]a(chn)@e(cu)`ͻXsض¶҂(jng)ϣvʷW(xu)C(sh)҂F(xin)ǻ̵DͲ׃ıȻ֮ϵĚvʷJ(rn)ąs҂ڟo(sh)zʧ¼]̱Ҳ]һ(g)ԭ(bio)
Чʷ߀y(tng)vʷW(xu)?yn)هζόW(xu)_ǷNHh(yun)P(gun)ϵy(tng)ʷW(xu)ϲgĿͶh(yun)̎̎@Fĕr(sh)ŵʽ^Ă(g)wy(tng)ʷW(xu)ͨ^Mܽӽ@һc(din)Լښvʷĸ߷_ϧðʮܵҕ@ӵΣU(xin)෴ЧʷtĿڽ̎w(jng)ϵy(tng)IB(yng);
_Щ˥ĕr(sh)żעЩdʢĕr(sh)ҲɵĿȥl(f)F(xin)һNҰU͟ouĻydzڳdzMg¿ֻ@N¿۹⣬Լ½Ǟ˫@òͬҕҪչF(xin)ɢͲʹﱣеijߴܶЧʷŤD(zhun)˚vʷW(xu)˶ĿQҪ̽h(yun)Աķʽӽ@Noϣľh(yun)@һЩζόW(xu)֮Կ?yn)SZoԈ(bo)ЧʷоNĖ|sǞȻ[ÓԱh(yun)̎[Ó@N۹t(y)N^Ǟ\ָvʷиӽt(y)W(xu)܌W(xu)f^vʷķʽW(xu)ķʽ[41]@ӵԒ@Ҳ?yn)܌W(xu)ҵĹϵy(tng)طJ(rn)w߀ȫ]Кvʷҕ׃^L(fng)̈(zh)ءҪѽKY(ji)̎Ė|_ˡK֮λ
[42]ښvʷW(xu)fбȳ䮔(dng)܌W(xu)ŮҲԔ(x)̓r(ji)ֵıȻQҪ£
vʷW(xu)(yng)(dng)ɞһNP(gun)ڻ˥߷˻ˎͽⶾbeԣdifferential֪R΄(w)dzɞһNίƌW(xu)[43]
Чʷһ(g)c(din)?dng)ڳɞҕԵ֪RvʷW(xu)ǧӋ(j)ƷĨȥijЩ?yn)@Щر¶^r(sh)ĵc(din)r(sh)gԼɿܵļĚvʷҕҳJ(rn)vʷвDzƫеwϵضĽǶȳl(f)^еƫüHȥˎĺEҌѵĽˎ^Ė|ǰvʷв[ԼҕҲҎ(gu)ɣ\(yn)(dng)wY(ji)@NҎ(gu)
@N۹֪Ҳ֪^ʲô@Nvʷʹ֪RJ(rn)֪(dng)ЏVϵW(xu)оЧʷ̎λól(f)ֱؽ(gu)˚vʷW(xu)VϵW(xu)
6 @NvʷW(xu)VϵW(xu)ɌvʷͬvʷW(xu)ҵĚvʷ(lin)ϵһһ(g)_һs
ͬһ(g)E@һEУ˂ȿԱJ(rn)YҲReijN˲ƷNѿ[44]ͬr(sh)F(xin)˲ͬĵ·Ȼˣ҂΄(w)һͬVϵ
vʷW(xu)ҵijHerkunftijvʷW(xu)c(din)֮һDzxεJ(rn)Rһ
ָµһУ
Ӆ^(q)ֵؽһʲôҲÓʲôҲųvʷW(xu)ҕf@CϾ֔(jn)(dng)vʷW(xu)挦e˕r(sh)ʲô(qun)(qing)ԼƷζ(dng)挦^ȥ(sh)r(sh)ʲô(qun)(qing)ԼƫvʷW(xu)ҵe(cu)`ȫ]Ʒζ(sh)H@N]Л]Ʒζ@NDͨʽµĖ|зζĖ|Նȫ
㌎f@Щԓ˅Ė|sԵ䘷ȥ^(sh)HυsƫƫJ(rn)κһКwY(ji)ƽӹĹԡκΖ|^
˽⣬˽һҲǞ˃eҰl(f)F(xin)՝u(x)ܣµĺġvʷԺ̎ƽvʷlfԒƽvʷƽԒZdzһλɿ(dng)ҵǻ{(dio)]lゃゃ@ЩˣκԷQゃߵ˶ǐvʷW(xu)ɿ(dng)һHSͣ]ʲôゃĬF(xin)ڸҵļ(x)֪RゃvʷЩ@(sh)H϶Са@NvʷW(xu)ҵ݅ݵK
@Nɿ(dng)ұض̓εضnjԼ(d)صԹڲձ(xing)ɿ(dng)һVT|(zh)Ҏ(gu)ԼıҪһ@(g)vʷW(xu)ҲһVT^(sh)ľ_Լ^ȥļȶ@(g)ɿ(dng)ҕJ(rn)wԱ_һ(g)]Еr(sh)gԵ^λ@(g)vʷW(xu)ҕĨȥԼĂ(g)wԱ˿Ե_l(f)ˣ͌TԼԼƫþ}ĬZԼIJģԼҕ֮һNmĎΌW(xu)̓(gu)ģMԱM(jn)ߵȥ@һ(g)]ף]ֵĜ(zhn)ڣquasi-existence@(g)vʷW(xu)Լ(g)־ϣ܉˱һ(g)־ıȻҎ(gu)ͨ^ĨɷԼ֪R־кEJ(rn)RĽǶҵ־ʽvʷW(xu)ҵ@N^־֪R֮gP(gun)ϵͬ@N^ԾһNKOĿՓıȻԵvʷW(xu)ҌڽߵļܲЩоvʷijMˣ潼
ܲЩnĉ?zi)?br>ҲܲЩήҲƣv|uŪһN^۹⡱[45]
ښvʷW(xu)ijF(xin)Entstehungij19o(j)ĚWޣ@KѪsNćȣ@(g)˷Nϡĕr(sh)cЩʢĕr(sh)ȣ҂ͳҰUˣ҂ǰMĿҊѳɏUijкyļo(j)
҂ښ?jin)ǰ?br>҂@ЩտҲЩ(jng)סĕr(sh)@NģҲҊ҂@N^ֵ
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ڛ]㑿҂ԼĹI(y)҂ļo(j)҂һѵ}߀ֻ@ЩW˲֪Լl
oҕԼNĻsһ(g)ԓݵĽɫ?ni)(g)w҂˿_ʼ 19 o(j)l(f)a(chn)ČښvʷĐۺãؚЩĨɷһЂ(g)wĻsa(chn)ĽY(ji)ͽxĿa(chn)ĽY(ji)ͬӵ
19o(j)ĚW˛](chung)]ԼƷҪه̈́e̎ijɾͣ@ЩʹvʷW(xu)ƽıº@ǚvʷW(xu)VϵôʹɞһNVϵW(xu)ķأʲô]гɞһNɿ(dng)ĻڽԵ֪RԿ@ͬһ_ϸēQɫֻЮ(dng)˂ȡD(zhun)Էijпܡ(sh)H@Entstehung @(g)~ıxǽ(jng)^һLڜ(zhn)ɱĽY(ji)һ(g)ڴNðU(xin)о
ڴҲܱζόW(xu)F(xin)ĵطŵƽɿ(dng)Kװl(f)ƽļԼDԾȡ@NK܌W(xu)D(zhun)@N܌W(xu)ܿܣ@ʧˣʧsʹζόW(xu)ĵ19o(j)Ć}c˺ҪDKǘӁ팦vʷW(xu)ҵƽxҪƽxښvʷ܌W(xu)(ni)ҪĽxĮa(chn)l(f)ȫP
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7 @NvʷN÷cDʽNvʷW(xu)ģʽhǑ£parody÷ÁƉĬF(xin)(sh)cؑJ(rn)ɵĚvʷW(xu)}h
Ƿֽ÷ÁƉݣidentitycBm(x)Իy(tng)Ěvʷh
ǫI(xin)÷ÁƉc֪RĚvʷhoՓ@ʹvʷ[ÓcӛģʽoՓԓģʽζόW(xu)ģ߀W(xu)ģ(lin)ϵʹvʷɞһNӛښvʷչF(xin)һNȫͬĕr(sh)g
@Nºͻ÷@һλvʷW(xu)@(g)Ѫy(tng)sğoWˣ֪ԼlҲ֪ԓʲô֣ṩNQ@ЩݱԼݸ邀(g)ԻҲ߬F(xin)(sh)һ(g)Кvʷе˲@NQ_ֻһNbvʷW(xu)҂鷨ṩ_Rĵ䷶xṩTʿĿ߸{r(sh)ṩһλՠӢ۵đ(zhn)@ЩGĹbbµķǬF(xin)(sh)һֱ쵽҂ԼķǬF(xin)(sh)ԡijЩȥŷ@Щڽ̰?ni)ȥo(j)һNµı˰?ni)ɞ鶵ۿնݵf؛̰ɣõĚvʷW(xu)@NVϵW(xu)ң֪O(sh)@Ny^և(yn)C
෴߱M܌@(g)ƵOekr(sh)ʢg(ji)@(g)g(ji)TߌجF(xin)ǰ҂nĂ(g)wԵͬ_oɵͨ^ݵجF(xin)ʹ҂ǬF(xin)(sh)@Щߡ˹շҵĸ˴PҮdҊW˹S߀вD˹_ʼ?x)vʷĻ҂҂ķǬF(xin)(sh)جF(xin)ϵ۸F(xin)(sh)ϵ_ʼˡǬF(xin)(sh)^ҲS҂l(f)F(xin)@һ(g)I(lng)ԭ(chung)錦vʷđº͌ϵ۵ĸЦٴ˿ܡ[46]@҂J(rn)ˡϕr(sh)˵ij˼ĵڶַQ֮顰o(j)ʽĚvʷđ£@No(j)ʽĚvʷÁؽvʷ׃wĸ߷䱣h(yun)ڈB(ti)(j)(ni)ڱ|(zh)Ę(bio)ӛ°l(f)F(xin)Є(dng)̈́(chung)Ěvʷ1874ָ꣬؟(z)@һvʷָ؟(z)@һ(g)ȫעڳݵġֹM(jn)Č(sh)Ḧ́(chung)ԵĚvʷǰһЩгF(xin)ģ¾Á폊(qing){(dio)o(j)ʽĚvʷһN¡VϵW(xu)һNgcĚvʷ
vʷĵڶN÷njݵϵy(tng)Էֽ?yn)@NǷdz҂ԇDһ(g)±o(h)ƴ@NݱǑ£¾ߟo(sh)o(sh)`Ҳǃһϯ֮أ
Nϵy(tng)˴˽e(cu)¡(dng)˂оvʷr(sh)һ(g)ζόW(xu)ǘڿ[еһ(g)`꣬S`ꡱ[47]@ÿһ(g)`(c(din)̎xһ)
vʷW(xu)l(f)F(xin)IJһ(g)zġп(f)һ(g)ɲͬҶӵؘ(gu)ɵġoC֧ď(f)swϵߵĻһ(g)(bio)־һNȫѵķʽJ(rn)RM(jn)ijЩA͵ȵ˂˼ؾͶ^@ЩAΡһ(g)Y(ji)҂Щc҂ƵȫQϵy(tng)DzͬĻĴҲfDZȻǿ׃^҂܉?q)҂ԼM(jn)AM(jn)Є[48]VϵW(xu)ָ(do)£vʷW(xu)ĿIJҪl(f)F(xin)҂ݵĸԴҪͶ팦ݵķֽ綨҂F(xin)Ī(d)_ǂ(g)ζόW(xu)҂SZ҂صļ҈@
@^҂һзBm(x)ڡϕr(sh)˵ij˼ùŚvʷW(xu)෴Ŀ(bio)҂ĬF(xin)ءZԺͰBm(x)ңĵЩĖ|˂r(sh)Щl[49]ϕr(sh)˵ij˼ָ@NvʷW(xu)ΣU(xin)ŲK(chung)Ժ䌍(sh)ڡԵ̫ԵġһоѳF(xin)ٴՄ˺ùߵ΄(w)sǏȫķl(f)VϵW(xu)Ҫc҂Qć҂vZԻ߽y(tng)҂ķP(gun)Ć}ôVϵW(xu)ּsҪʾ@Щ|(zh)ϵy(tng)҂ҵ£ֹ҂F(xin)κεͬһԣݣ
vʷW(xu)ĵN÷nj֪RwI(xin)ı濴߲fĚvʷW(xu)߁vʷRȫoֻP(gun)עvʷW(xu)̽һԒһһvʷвͬʽĿƌW(xu)RvʷW(xu)͕l(f)F(xin)֪־ĸNʽD(zhun)QӍߵČעȥʏȡԼ⡣l(f)F(xin)˲ȡijNضеıվЩo֪Ҹ˵Čڱo(h)ԵC(j)ĻXČ@NڽоеL(fng)U(xin)Ͱl(f)F(xin)еIJ[50]@һBԵĂ֪־[51]M(jn)Кvʷķͽʾ]ʲô֪Rڷx@ﲢ]УʹJ(rn)֪Ҳ]ę(qun)ĻA(ch)
@һ߀ʾ@N֪кģЕr(sh)ΣҲԸ츣ʹ@N֪־I(lng)ѴU(ku)չҲԛ]ȡһ(g)
Ҳ]нoṩ_^֧Ȼķʽ෴֪־ͣL(fng)U(xin)̎ΣU(xin)
˻Xķl(wi)
@(g)֪RwĽy(tng)һԣ
ጷųһЩ@ЩؾҪֽ͚Լ֪R]НuuͬĽ(jng)(yn)֮a(chn)ǷNԭҪ_xɞֻҪļ
l(f)չ֪Rcһ(g)wĘ(gu)ɺͿ϶oP(gun)
㌎f֪Rʹ˂uڱܵıڮ(dng)ڽҪwI(xin)ĵط֪Rٌ̖҂M(jn)Ќ(sh)(yn)[52]ن҂I(xin)֪Rw֪R҂(dng)ѽ(jng)D(zhun)QһNηκΠηκֻ(dn)^ļҲSK@N֪ļʹǚ@NôҲǚ҂횜(zhn)f҂x҂ϣԽY(ji)ڻ֮У߀ǽY(ji)ɰʯ֮[53]҂(yng)(dng)U19o(j)܌W(xu)M(fi)ϣغͺڸăɂ(g)ش}ɵĻA(ch)Լ^֪RĿԣ֮@һ(g)}ͨ^^֪R@ܿܘ(gu)˴ڵIJֻA(ch)[54]еxf@ζ־ܵJ(rn)֪ȵƣζګI(xin)֪Rwr(sh)־цʧһԼһDҲS@һ(g)@˵˼@(g)˼ҲS׃Ñ(zhn)κIJģҲS˷ǂ(g)x͵־^oɠh@һµdzF(xin)ڵƽôֻ@Nؙ(qun)пָ(do)ͳ@һ(g)?yn)֪Rf]ʲô^(dng)Ȼ@һ}߀ā]^[55]
ϕr(sh)˵ij˼ӑՓ˚vʷ÷vʷW(xu)زÔ^ȥ?ci)ĸԴy(tng)B(ti)ͨ^ṩP(gun)˵ԴͬԸǷNȻ؟(z)ʷW(xu)?yn)ʹ҂ڸcÿһNԴȪ_˾x?yn)\(yn)(dng)HHP(gun)ע҂˺¿]Ⱦܳ@һ˼·@һ˼·ָһЩȫͬĿ(bio)@(g)}ֻ҂F(xin)ڲܓеxÔ^ȥðU(xin)ݚǂ(g)֪־ğoMIJЌ֪Rw
ijNxϣVϵW(xu)ص1874J(rn)RĚvʷW(xu)NʽĿ϶̈́(chung)xķgص@Nʽs׃ΑB(ti)o(j)ij׃ˑ
ŴBm(x)Ե׃ϵy(tng)ķֽ⣻
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C
* ҊF. W. Nietzsche, Preface to On the Genealogy of Morals"1887, in Basic Writings of Nietzsche, ed. and trans. Walter Kaufmann (New York: Modern Library, 1968), 4, 7(ji)Ӣgע
[1] F. W. Nietzsche, The Gay Science (1882), trans. Walter Kaufmann (New York: Random House, 1974), 7(ji)
[2] F. W. Nietzsche, Human, All Too Human (1878; New York: Gordon Press, 1974), 3(ji)
** ʹ@һСڑcĿҕ֮xgע
[3] Nietzsche, Genealogy, II6, 8(ji)
[4] Nietzsche, Gay Science, 110, 111, 300(ji)
[5] F. W. Nietzsche, The Dawn of Day (1881; New York: Gordon Press, 1974), 102(ji) (ӢgעPudenda origo˼ǡou֮OԴ)
[6] Nietzsche, Gay Science, 151, 353(ji); ҊDawn, 62(ji); Genealogy, I, 14(ji); F. W. Nietzsche, The Four Great Errors, in Twilight of the Idols (1888) in The Portable Nietzsche, ed. and trans. Walter Kaufmann (New York: Viking Press, 1954), 7(ji)(ӢgעSchwarzkunstler˼g(sh))
[7] _•"Ursprung der Moralischen Empfindungen"
[8] ҊHuman, All Too Human, 92}Ursprung der Gerechtigkeit
[9] ڡVϵһwUrsprungHerkunptںܶطǻQʹõ(I2Σ
II811121617)
[10] Nietzsche, Dawn, 123ΡԭĞ飺ԡӁ@(g)أwie billigһNԵķʽauf eine unvernnftige weiseżȻЮa(chn)
[11] Nietzsche, Human, All Too Human, 34
[12] F. W. Nietzsche, The Wanderer and His Shadow (1880), in Complete Works (New York: Gordon Press, 1974), 9Ρ
*** µġ֪RŌW(xu)Archaeology of KnowledgeһSP(gun)I~c@(g)⡱}P(gun)BBm(x)ָͲĸqCI(lng)\(yn)(dng)пҵͬӡһ~ô@(g)C(j)С⡱tһ(g)¼Ӣgע
[13] Nietzsche, Wanderer, 3
[14] Nietzsche, Dawn, 49Ρ
[15] F. W. Nietzsche, Nietzsche contra Wagner (1888), in Portable Nietzsche.
[16] Nietzsche, Gay Science, 110265Ρ
[17] Nietzsche, How the True World Finally Became a Fable, Twilinght of Idols.
[18] P(gun)N壬ՈɵGay Science, 135
Beyond Good and Evil (1886), in Basic Writings, 200242244Σ
Genealogy, I5Σ
P(gun)ՈGay Science, 3489
Beyond Good and Evil, 260Ρ
[19] Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, 244
[20] Nietzsche, Genealogy, III17چʸabkunft
[21] Nietzsche, Reason in Philosophy, Twilight of Idols.
[22] Nietzsche, Dawn, 247
[23] Nietzsche, Gay Science, 3489
[24] ͬ
[25] Nietzsche, Dawn, 42
[26] Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, 262
[27] Nietzsche, Genealogy, III֣13
[28] Nietzsche, Gay Science, 148Ρ˂߀회̺ͻ̵Entstehungw־ؚ
[29] Nietzsche, Genealogy, I2
[30] Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, 260
ՈGenealogyII12Ρ
[31] Nietzsche, Wanderer, 9
[32] Nietzsche, Gay Science, , 111
[33] Nietzsche, Genealogy, , II6Ρ
[34] Nietzsche, Genealogy, Ե7κ͵Iֵ2
, Beyond Good and Evil, , 224
[35] Nietzsche, Gay Science, , 7
[36] ͬ
[37] Nietzsche, Genealogy, , II12
[38] Nietzsche, Dawn, , 130
[39] Nietzsche, Genealogy, , II12Ρ
[40] Nietzsche, Human, All Too Human, , 16
[41] Nietzsche, Twilight of Idols, , 44
[42] Nietzsche, Reason in Philosophy, Twilight of Idols, , 14
[43] Nietzsche, Wanderer, 188ΡӢgע@һ֧˸ڡcԼT\İl(f)еĹMֱ֪RŌW(xu)űJ(rn)һNѵı
[44] Nietzsche, Gay Science, , 337
[45] Nietzsche, Genealogy, , III26Ρ
[46] Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, , 223
[47] Nietzsche, Wanderer (ͻ˵)17
[48] Nietzsche, Human, All Too Human, , 274
[49] F. W. Nietzsche, Untimely Meditations, (1873-4), in Complete Works, II֣3(ji)
[50] ҊɵDawn, , 429432
Gay Science, 333
Beyond Good and Evil, 22930
[51] Ӣgעvouloir-savoir˼ָ֪־Ҳָ(f)֪R
[52] Nietzsche, Dawn, , 501Ρͬ
[53] ͬ
[54] Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, , 39Ρ
[55] Nietzsche, Dawn, 45
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