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        ܌ʷԊ(chng)cF(xin)(chng)wR(sh)ΑB(ti)

        l(f)r(sh)g:2020-06-08 Դ: ժ c(din)

        (ni)ҪRϣؼO(sh)X򄡱XYa(chn)A(j)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һʷԊ(chng)gxЧ܉?q)Yx(hu)󱊵^đcR(sh)ΑB(ti)ĻXзxJ(rn)е^F(xin)(sh)x^ǬF(xin)cԻõ_(ti)ʽ@ķʽ@һ(g)(hu)ĻÉ(mng)𯟾ȡԇDڷБcR(sh)ΑB(ti)(chng)ϽY(ji)ϰcRϣHҵʷԊ(chng)c򄡿ԷR(sh)ΑB(ti)лc(din)߀ҵʷԊ(chng)c򄡹ָͬĬF(xin)˵ļwxʽĄ(chung)췽һNƬF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ľxʽW(xu)ŵķʽԽR(sh)ΑB(ti)ԙ(qun)oһNęC(j)(hu)

        P(gun)I~ʷԊ(chng) R(sh)ΑB(ti)

        F(xin)򄡾һ(g)[ܵľR(sh)ΑB(ti)cԽ@(g)IJHwF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)е܌W(xu)cR(sh)ΑB(ti)܌W(xu)ͬ˼Sģʽcl(f)չ^^F(xin)(chng)wR(sh)ΑB(ti)оHY(ji)˲RϣصʷԊ(chng)cеĚҞF(xin)ǰl(wi)ҵһ(g)_wԵĹͬc(din)

        һ

        1965˵áݵġR_¡ӢʼɯʿȁF(tun)ڂݣ򄡽֮WȻ@һ@ԌҲM(fi)đұ˵áκ˹ԭ顶_²ָ]²mDԺˌ(du)׌һ_RM(jn)еİȺО顷䡰Б򡱽Y(ji)(gu)Ƥ{(ln)Šġ(g)҄ߵP(gun)M(jn)?c)Ժ_²һP(gun)R֮ĄɲmDԺį?c)ݳװһ^?c)˂ݳQ(jng)ce(cu)yՄeֹһwRǂ(g)ªƤwˣŮ̿ͿDZ(mng)˔[ŪŮ?c)ԺԺL(zhng)Ųһ(g)ɫ_²tǂ(g)?x)ⴭӡ첻˦?dng)L(zhng)l(f)_Ų÷NNCĄ(dng){(dio)?c)˂ӿϽ^ݸĸ̖(ho)м(x) ȥǯ?c)Zo^ҰUĺСy󐺡QĈ(chng)گ?c)˵ıвӿF(xin)(chung)ġ򄡡Чcͬr(sh)҂ע⵽_(ti)߀^?c)ݳġ^ʹġ·bС(du)IЦ?c)˂ıݣ_(ti)µ^@Щ׾ӻyı^ǯl(f)^r(sh)_(ti)ϐ(mng)ı@r(sh)֞С󂃵u(png)r(ji)@񲻔ݚD(zhun)ښ򄡵Đ(mng)cʷԊ(chng)ľ֮gȫw?c)˱?dng)l(wi)__(ti)M(jn)^ϯ@ֵ°l(f)đF(xin)(sh)_(ti)µ^֪һ•ݳȻֹ^(mng)݆Tc^һͬ

        @һ̵̽H̽򄡱F(xin)ĬF(xin)(sh)xҲ̽F(xin)(sh)Б򄡱F(xin)xݺSӑՓP(gun)ڷcԵı^@F(xin)(sh)x҂?c)ڴP(gun)ע䡰Ԫ򄡡xҲf@?q)򄡵^ΑB(ti)ijN|(zh)˼

        (g)҄ߵƤ{(ln)Š֮еԱǯ[]@һՓһλС܌W(xu)áĄƤ{(ln)Š˼Ǒе挍(sh)cXĆ}ڄ^˼򄡱|(zh)qCߡĆ}X߀ǽ¶XڬF(xin)Ļˇg(sh)R(sh)ʲôƤ{(ln)Š䌢ԼP(gun)ڑ򄡵˼ԢڡБ򡱵ĄY(ji)(gu)دB(chng)е̓(gu)r(sh)cF(xin)(sh)r(sh)գБ򡱵^ͬr(sh)݆TԵЌa(chn)X^̱¶ʹ˂һ߅pһ߅Б򄡡

        Ի򯂿Ƥ{(ln)ŠڑՓ˼Ć}RϣصʷԊ(chng)t(qing){(dio)һNԵĘOˡ򄡲ǻX򯂿СF(xin)򄡑(yng)ԓƌW(xu)ǘվе(chng)ԵķʽJ(rn)R(sh)F(xin)(sh)Rϣطy(tng)āʿʽĻX(chng)J(rn)@No^ʽĻX(chng)Ya(chn)A(j)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һƌW(xu)r(sh)(yng)ԓͨ^İЧ(chung)_(hu)cõʷԊ(chng)R(sh)ΑB(ti)/y(tng)򄡵ĻX˂ͨDzײRϣصđǺP(gun)ע@NR(sh)ΑB(ti)ZڲRϣ򄡲^Ԣʽ(hu)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ļw(sh)(yn)fʷԊ߀qC򄡣xһNR(sh)ΑB(ti)еġˑB(ti)RϣʷԊJ(rn)ͬڿƌW(xu)r(sh)R(sh)ΑB(ti)򄡰ь(du)(hu)挍(sh)ӳ@NӳӰ(hu)ȫ(dng)һ[1]

        Rϣ،򄡮(dng)ƌW(xu)r(sh)R(sh)ΑB(ti)Էӳc(hu)Ĺ^İȑʽ^nj(sh)F(xin)@һ|(zh)ķʽ˵ġR_¡oʽc^϶˲Rϣصđ^P(gun)ڑ򄡱gxʽ˼(du)(hu)¼ĚvʷС(du)cСʽIScu(png)ՓǷdzRϣʽ@һ(g)һ(g)S@ǣ@߀һ򄡡ǯc(mng)đ^ϱcRϣصʷԊ(chng)ȫ෴ȫһNʹ^M(jn)һNߵūۡĠB(ti)ƫƤ{(ln)Šfđ򄡾Փһ(g)Oˡ˹̩ڡF(xin)򄡵Փc(sh)`ָR_¡ݳǵһΌеՓT(sh)`ȫz(yn)^Ҫ(du)Ǵݳһ(g)_u(png)Փ߀y?yn)mȻǴݳ_(sh)(dng)һ^ĸйՓDŽ߀ݳǰʽͬҲDzRϣʽ߀ƤmŠď(qing)Ӱ(j)κ˹f^ѲRϣغͰ@ɂ(g)@(du)Ą(sh)đY(ji)[2]

        ԇDѲRϣغͰ@ɂ(g)@(du)Ą(sh)ڡR_¡ݳнY(ji)ҲnjƤ{(ln)ŠfđšI(y)еcăɂ(g)O˽Y(ji)RϣƌW(xu)ԵġеѵĄ(chng)(du)ʿ‚y(tng)Ќ(chng)(dng)(mng)ùSеđ^ıϿ׺ȫ෴J(rn)飬һ(chng)wĉ(mng)ߜ(zhn)_fǐ(mng)Ӱ^IJԣǸֱ^ĸNֲľY(ji)σɷNϿȥȫͬđ򄡵Ĺͬ^c(din)Ƿأ

        Đ(mng)Ěᄡ(chng)ϿcRϣصԵʷԊ(chng)ͥƺһ(g)ǸԻþһ(g)С(sh)Hڱ|(zh)cּJ(rn)ͬR(sh)ΑB(ti)йsһµO(sh)F(xin)(sh)cy(tng)һNÉ(mng)F(xin)ˇg(sh)xʹ^(hu)@ֻǶõֶβͬRϣеĚᣬǸԛ_Ě
        (jin)őǬF(xin)(hu)ʥ(yn)CľxʽֻDzRϣؼO(sh)򄡿٬F(xin)ƌW(xu)r(sh)挍(sh)ЄtJ(rn)򄡸ҪҲٴάF(xin)(sh)ҪF(xin)(sh)(chung)һ(g)ƷȬF(xin)(sh)挍(sh)Ҳ

        л򐺉(mng)ʷԊ(chng)򚈿һ(g)ͬĻc(din)wR(sh)ΑB(ti)@Nо(hu)Ļcˇg(sh)pxһF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ķʽ
        БR(sh)ΑB(ti)һԷБҲǷR(sh)ΑB(ti)һڑ򄡵R(sh)ΑB(ti)xϣRϣصʷԊ(chng)cеĚ򄡽Y(ji)ԇD(chung)һNF(xin)˵ļwxʽF(xin)(sh)(yn)еķʽԸԛ_ķʽڽʾR(sh)ΑB(ti)cБ򄡵̓ʹ^X挍(sh)˞鲼RϣصʷԊ(chng)cеĚ򄡽ĿԹđ^c(din)Ҳ20o(j)̽򄡵ľ@(g)ľh(yun)Ěvʷy(tng)漰(hu)Y(ji)(gu)йc(chng)׃w򄡿ܱR(sh)ΑB(ti)񶨣ҲܷR(sh)ΑB(ti)߳ɞR(sh)ΑB(ti)ĸӹcղǘӣ(chng)(g)(hu)R(sh)΢^wF(xin)ǡĞаԢԵһ(g)(sh)(yn)gͼw(sh)(yn)ҡ[3]

        Rϣط(du)ʿµĻX(chng)ՓǰX(chng)ͨ^^ͬ조_֡ʹ^ľ̎һNoĠB(ti)С@Щ򄡼ҵıI(lng)(sh)@ˣȻ܉@һN挍(sh)Ěȱȫď(f)Ʒ(qing)ҵش(dng)d²^ĸ@籾[4]RϣȼO(sh)ǬF(xin)(sh)ķӳ٬F(xin)ȻO(sh)ʿ‚y(tng)ĻX(chng)̓ٵķӳ٬F(xin)ÿһ(g)r(sh)đ򄡣ƌW(xu)r(sh)đ򄡡µ(hu)ƌW(xu)ΨxqC\(yn)õķӳЁwɾİRϣx꡶YՓfֻxYՓĕr(sh)Ҳųҵđ򄡡R˼ֹΨһһ(g)ҵđˡ[5]

        ʿ‚y(tng)Ą(chng)XʷԊ(chng)tƻX˂ע⵽RϣؑՓcR˼xΨxvʷ^c(hu)еȷĶ“(lin)ϵs˲RϣБcR˼R(sh)ΑB(ti)Փڃ(ni)ʽϵͬһR˼J(rn)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һN롱A(j)(hu)y(tng)A(j)So(h)y(tng)ΣԓA(j)˼ҾƳwF(xin)(sh)P(gun)ϵɱȺĻX@(g)(hu)ȴƾSo(h)@(g)(hu)ġĻ롱̓ٵR(sh)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һ(g)fֻҪ҂̕(hu)?ni)÷˵ı|(zh)˼@Щһ(g)fֻҪ҂̕(hu)?ni)е،?du)@Щ룬߀Ђ(g)fֻҪ҂̕(hu)?ni)Ώ^X@Щ룬@ӡ(dng)ǰĬF(xin)(sh)͕(hu)[6]R˼ڷxʹR(sh)ΑB(ti)ǽy(tng)A(j)ԡ˼ͻ롱(gu)ļ^̓ٵR(sh)e(cu)`R(sh)qCΨx܌W(xu)ͨ^(du)@NR(sh)ΑB(ti)_(d)ɸ(hu)cvʷĿ@һc(din)R˼cRϣһµX(chng)cR(sh)ΑB(ti)ʷԊ(chng)cqCtлRϣáqC򄡡ȡġʷԊ(chng)

        R˼R(sh)ΑB(ti)cRϣصĻX(chng)ijN(ni)˼Sʽϵһԡ@Nһ߀׷ݵͬ˼Դ^ķڡR(sh)ΑB(ti)cаָġՓһ̶ϿɱǬF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)(q)[7]ڡ¹ߡK˂J(rn)R(sh)ķN^ѨЈ(chng)c(chng)cѨ(x)T˞fij߶ȿԂ(g)˵Ľ(jng)(yn)߶ȿcɵ˵`ĻЈ(chng)˂ĽZɵcQлyʧ(dng)e(cu)`֮̎K˂˼롣^Ą(chng)

        ߀һǏ܌W(xu)ĸNӵĽ̗lԼһЩe(cu)`ՓCtֲ˂еġһйJ(rn)ČW(xu)fwϵֻ^S_(ti)F(xin)˂̓(gu)IJʽӶ(chung)һЩf߀HڬF(xin)ڕr(sh)dһЩwϵ಻ڹŴĸN܌W(xu)ɡҿԺ߀(hu)иͬƳͬ˹ķʽݳ[8]ȤÄ(chng)^еһN˞O(sh)õġϡ˼ƺһ(g)ӹɵijҊһN˼γ^УȳF(xin)ǰNJ(rn)ܵo(j)܌W(xu)_Roger BaconǡϵKfӰǰNһ(g)ͬc(din)DZеĄ(chng)ǹе಻[ص؝B֮ɸN܌W(xu)wϵġՓCҎ(gu)ȻӡĶĽM(jn)ȥġ[9]

        (chng)fֵ҂עH^c(din)߀б_(d)@N^c(din)ʹõƩԼ(gu)ԓƩ^J(rn)N˼wϵ܌W(xu)̗lһġ̓(gu)һ(g)£@N̓(gu)挍(sh)o¡˝M⡱ڴHf˼ijNc(din)Ҳfˑ򄡵ijNc(din)̓R(sh)c֮gl(f)F(xin)ijNͨԻͬһЩĘ(gu)˼wϵ^܌W(xu)(chng)ݵĹ(c(din)̎xһ)

        w_y

        R(sh)ΑB(ti)cڻxϾͬĄ(chng)fаıO(sh)ˑcijN|(zh)H܌W(xu)c“(lin)ϵҌ܌W(xu)ʷcʷ“(lin)ϵ׷h(yun)˼ʷDJ(rn)ˇg(sh)N磨ʽ硢ĬF(xin)(sh)ˇg(sh)磩͵һǡġġӰӵӰӡ挍(sh)ӡġԵđˇg(sh)͵һӣ?yn)ڑԊ˼ٰfԒ(chung)ص׵Ļ[10]DҎ(gu)оܽ^pxһǏĵ½ǶϿĉ
        һǏ^J(rn)R(sh)ǶϿ̓١򄡼Ȳֲ̓xʹÄ(chng)c^еև`˼Դ^Ͽ׷ݵD

        Ą(chng)fɽ(jng)׷ݵDֱӰ푵R˼xR(sh)ΑB(ti)^R(sh)ΑB(ti)R(sh)ΑB(ti)̓ٵR(sh)ǟoև`_c(jng)(yn)ϾijNͬ(chng)Ļy(tng)Ќ(du)򄡵c(du)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ڵͬO(sh)cR(sh)ΑB(ti)һЩ(do)a(chn)˞ɱδ󱊵ļDJ(rn)R(sh)c½Ƕȷ񶨑򄡵̓c䣬@˼Դ^ʿµġԊW(xu)đ˼ʷϿᘌ(du)DՓ򄡵qo(h)϶ġµ挍(sh)căԺǧđ^ʼKڰDcʿվ(du)С(chng)ࡱr(sh)ɯʿȁr(sh)Ӣ_(d)߳aڡԊһqО򄡏ĿՓqһǿ϶cϲĵ½xǏ(qing){(dio)r(sh)gc(din)Ľy(tng)һC򄡵挍(sh)˂yˇ(f)d¹ŵxr(sh)(qing){(dio)һɣ˼Ľ̗l֮߀ʲô̵x(sh)Hһɵ˼뱳Ǒ򄡵ıw-J(rn)R(sh)ՓA(ch)ϵġµ挍(sh)}xy(tng)µđcR(sh)ΑB(ti)еĸԴͬ̓܌W(xu)̓ٵR(sh)ΑB(ti)Ҫڽ׌񿴵ɺɕr(sh)F(xin)x܌W(xu)҂l(f)F(xin)܌W(xu)µĻ󣬌(sh)HһN(chng)ȡһN(chng)܌W(xu)ҵ_̩R(qing){(dio)򄡵挍(sh)c½ܣֻбRRՃ(ni)ݲ‘J(rn)(chng)Л](du)аģ(du)а(dng)ȻҲʹаĮa(chn)R(sh)ΑB(ti)гF(xin)19o(j)xc̓ٵR(sh)P(gun)y(tng)Ќ(du)ġµСıՓJ(rn)R(sh)ՓxvR(sh)ΑB(ti)Ǽ挍(sh)ķӳ
        ĵxv[挍(sh)ɱδ󱊡ɰl(f)һ(g)~(chng)wTheatrocracy@λ(jng)^߸{ġw򄡡֏صʧ^Q@ӂ̱Ҳ̵ij܌W(xu)Ƿ񶨑򄡵J(rn)򄡱|(zh)cڽ̡ζόW(xu)ԒһӵĻиTd^(du)ҁfʲô߸{ȡ?c)ġ¡VʲôlЩ݆T׃ʽıʲôx̹ʵfһǷ(du)򄡵(du)@N^βĴˇg(sh)ҵ`̎pﮔ(dng)ˇg(sh)҂Ľ(jng)(yn)ܡ[11]

        Rϣ؎ͬӵpлX(chng)X(chng)ǽy(tng)΄(chng)wR(sh)ΑB(ti)Rϣ؏R˼x@õHqCΨxJ(rn)R(sh)Փcvʷ^߀R(sh)ΑB(ti)е˼Sģʽ@N˼Sģʽǽڡ(chng)󡱵[ϵS˂עRϣ،ԼġƌW(xu)r(sh)đՓ顶СƪShort Organon@ġ¹ߡNovum OrganumHwͬ^c(din)cՓҲ֮ͬRϣЁʿµĻX򄡂y(tng)ʿ܌W(xu)(dng)(chng)@ӡָЩ֧xČW(xu)fʹ@ñȬF(xin)(sh)挍(sh)@(g)܌W(xu)(chng)đ(hu)Ԋ˄(chng)Ҋͬr_(ti)ݳƵĹҪȚvʷϵ挍(sh)¸o£͸˂ԸеĘ[12]RϣfЩX(chng)đ򄡼҂ٔ(sh)׉KSݼһc(din)c(din)_(ti)~@Щ򄡼ҵıI(lng)(sh)@Ȼ܉@һNP(gun)Ěȱȫď(f)Ʒ(qing)ҵش(dng)d²^ĸ@籾[13]

        ѲRϣغͰ@ɂ(g)@(du)Ą(sh)đY(ji)κ˹fע⵽DzRϣcʽcϵIJe?q)҂P(gun)עߵĬF(xin)(chng)򄡻^ϵͬҲʲôͬc(din)ˌRϣcнY(ji)

        Ƿ̓R(sh)ΑB(ti)ĬF(xin)xʽ@(g)xˌRϣcнY(ji)RϣؼO(sh)y(tng)򄡵̓ãᳫһNԵƌW(xu)еʷԊ(chng)Ђy(tng)cR(sh)ΑB(ti);(hu)ԵqCǴƾ(mng)õķʽͬJ(rn)y(tng)򄡣xZĵđ򄡼So(h)ĬF(xin)|(zh)һN}}ĻÉ(mng)y(tng)R(sh)ΑB(ti)򄡱ͬr(sh)ƬF(xin)(sh)R(sh)ΑB(ti)cy(tng)򄡵ĻÉ(mng)ʹ˂M(jn)Լ`̎l(f)F(xin)ǷNȥcƵ挍(sh)ֻ^RϣشƻÉ(mng);(hu)F(xin)ееķʽtһNийѪȚĐ(mng)ɚ򄡵đԵģԵǸйٵ@ƽoչF(xin)ĚcĈ(chng)@һc(din)Ͽһ(chng)(mng)(chung)@(chng)(mng)ּǡǡ@^R(sh)ΑB(ti)ԉ(mng)(chng)׌^Ǵ̼׌@˂ֻ@N(mng)߰ĚУ挍(sh)_(ti)(mng)@ѬF(xin)(sh)ԉ(mng)ăxʽеđ^HLJ(yn)Cģʥ(chng)(dng)(hu)t(y)Ժ򄡿ͨ^삀(g)`(g)(hu)

        cRϣڷБcR(sh)ΑB(ti)(chng)ͬһġRϣؼO(sh)X򄡱XYa(chn)A(j)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һʷԊ(chng)gxЧ܉?q)Yx(hu)󱊵^đcR(sh)ΑB(ti)ĻXзxҲJ(rn)е^F(xin)(sh)x^ǬF(xin)cԻõ_(ti)ʽ@ķʽ@һ(g)(hu)ĻÉ(mng)𯟾ȡ@Ѓɂ(g)Ć}Ҫ_һJ(rn)БcR(sh)ΑB(ti)ڸ_Ե(hu)@һc(din)ϣͬһԵݵJ(rn)ԼᳫđڴƑ򄡵Ļͬr(sh)ҲR(sh)ΑB(ti)X΄(w)ڷƤ_F(tun)ݳġ҂mr(sh)БcR(sh)ΑB(ti)P(gun)ϵúy(tng)򄡵زĻ}ģǡǡR(sh)ΑB(ti)}@Щ}ĵR(sh)ΑB(ti)|(zh)ě]ܵлhwf@Nδ(jng)еR(sh)ΑB(ti)oһ(g)(hu)һ(g)r(sh)ԏJ(rn)ԼJ(rn)R(sh)ԼЩԺͱ֪ԒҲJ(rn)ԼȥյRҪJ(rn)R(sh)ԼǾͱ횰@RӴ[14]

        y(tng)^ǰǬF(xin)(sh)cF(xin)(sh)R(sh)挍(sh)ġ»٬F(xin)@һ挍(sh)ʷԊ(chng)c򄡏ĸϷ@NP(gun)ϵF(xin)(sh)cR(sh)̓ٵģͨ^gxйٴ̼ƬF(xin)(sh)ĻX@N^h(yun)R(sh)ΑB(ti)бF(xin)R˼x܌W(xu)ձJ(rn)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һNX󡣾R˼x߰ķR(sh)ΑB(ti)(dng)Ļ롱һN˼˻ʽںxûڱάF(xin)(sh)࣬еľtwF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)il(f)F(xin)cJ(rn)R(sh)挍(sh)[15]Y(ji)(gu)xR˼x߰J(rn)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ԒķʽF(xin)磬һNձ(qing)Եķʽ˵ľc(sh)`R(sh)ΑB(ti)ǾЪ(d)߉݋ͪ(d)ؽY(ji)(gu)ıԒ^wϵض(hu)Кvʷشvʷá[16]

        y(tng)򄡱R(sh)ΑB(ti)ˣƑ򄡻cR(sh)ΑB(ti)ͬJ(rn)R(sh)c(sh)`xfw͸R(sh)(g)򄡵RʼKֻR(sh)ΑB(ti)mȻ(g){뵽Լđȥ@(g)ֻǵκڽ̵磬ԒͶˎ硱[17]ՓH܉fʷԊ(chng)ՓǰᣬҲ܉f򄡵ՓǰM֪ܰA(y)ԵՓ]Ќ@һ^c(din)ϵy(tng)򄡼ǿ˷挍(sh)(hu)(sh)`\(yn)(dng)ڴˬF(xin)򄡵ʹXJ(rn)ͬR(sh)ΑB(ti)܌W(xu)еʹDԳǰR(sh)ΑB(ti)xԊԺ2000һ(g)¼һ(g)ɷɞˇg(sh)y(tng)R(sh)еһ(g)(chung)ۡӛXXض٬F(xin)挍(sh)x¿nR(sh)ΑB(ti)ʹɞ顰еĕr(sh)Ļ󹤾ʷԊ(chng)c(zhn)ˑ򄡵R(sh)ΑB(ti)HR(sh)ΑB(ti)СgxҪgxR(sh)ΑB(ti)뱾@cF(xin)(sh)̓c挍(sh)P(gun)ϵͱ^R(sh)ΑB(ti)Ԓе׃̓򄡼ʹ挍(sh)ҲȬF(xin)(sh)̓١Ǒ򄡼еľI(lng)Dĕr(sh)ˣ]ʲôȡϵćҡĘ(gu)_Ե

        cRϣh򄡵ı|(zh)xͬģF(xin)nj(du)R(sh)ΑB(ti)Xķѡ넓(chung)һN(du)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ľxʽֻͬǑ;ʽɵ˚򄡵򄡵Č(sh)`tɟɵRϣԿƌW(xu)Ԟ򄡵ģ΄tXǑˇg(sh)ĺġĴ_ҪƬF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ĻÉ(mng)ͨ^ƻ򄡲Ҫ_(ti)٬F(xin)F(xin)(sh)挍(sh)ǽ¶F(xin)(sh)һӳMԉ(mng)
        򄡲ҪC(sh)һ挍(sh)ǡǡ෴ҪC(sh)һ̓

        ڼxR(sh)ΑB(ti)cy(tng)J(rn)R(sh)Փxυ^(q)?zhn)εՓǰһӵġR(sh)ΑB(ti)cһN̓ٵR(sh)ogĻT(ni)_򄡏̓ٵָ؟(z)нųcR(sh)̓ٵָ؟(z)нų;Ҳһӵȑ(yng)ԓ˼ǂ(g)J(rn)R(sh)Փǰ20o(j)F(xin)x˼Ќ(du)R(sh)ΑB(ti)c򄡵˼uı|(zh)xJ(rn)R(sh)Փ(chng)D(zhun)ƵY(ji)(gu)xǂ(g)?zhn)΅^(q)ֵJ(rn)R(sh)ՓǰᱻȡR(sh)ΑB(ti)򄡲ǡӳF(xin)(sh)^F(xin)(sh)(bio)(zhn)ж?zhn)Y(ji)(gu)ɻ(chung)xR(sh)ΑB(ti)򄡶ĻxıRepresentationc(jng)(yn)ķʽԇDڬF(xin)ZгԽμĽ(jng)(j)QՓcy(tng)ıw-J(rn)R(sh)ՓƫҊR(sh)ΑB(ti)o^̓ٻ挍(sh)(jng)(yn)I(lng)xR(sh)ΑB(ti)ijNF(xin)(sh)ԡ˱R(sh)ΑB(ti)ښvʷγɵıxáԒZȡR(sh)ΑB(ti)о֪R(sh)c(qun)P(gun)ϵԒZ^P(gun)ڙ(qun)ıǘ(gu)ԵƝR(sh)ΑB(ti)(dng)һNĻϵy(tng)J(rn)R(sh)ΑB(ti)һN[[׌˲˼hǣһԺ(jin)WSԣ
        ǡe(cu)`Hڴ˶ڱҌP(gun)໥ìܵxy(tng)һһ(g)^С[18]ƝJ(rn)Ļ[R(sh)ΑB(ti)Խǡe(cu)`xԽЧƝf[ġ(chng)󡱡R(sh)ΑB(ti)һN̓R(sh)󾹳ɞ鳬Խ挍(sh)c̓ûo^挍(sh)cև`[R(sh)ΑB(ti)׃ɟoR(sh)ΑB(ti)ĻоͬP(gun)עĻc(qun)Ć}Փ(sh)|(zh)cR(sh)ΑB(ti)ͬl(f)չ˰ġՓJ(rn)R(sh)ΑB(ti)^ͬһĻϵy(tng)(ni)˂a(chn)cQxķ̖(ho)ͬr(sh)ָF(xin)(sh)c[19]

        ͬr(sh)ָF(xin)(sh)cı@(g)xƺڱ˵á˵Č(sh)(yn)nj(du)(jng)(yn)ġ£]κһNˇg(sh)Ncȫ(c(din)̎xһ)

        (jng)(yn)[R(sh)(chng)ЊʘԵıݱLJ(yn)CF(xin)(jng)(yn)Scԣ(jng)(yn)һڱ^˂(g)ݵĄ(chung)죬ҲgӵwxʽcĻxĄ(chung)ɑ򄡵ăxʽ|(zh)QđǃxʽK߀ǃxʽxʽǘʾcSһ(g)(hu)Ļ(x)cy(tng)_^얹ضĻăr(ji)ֵcx򄡲HR(sh)ΑB(ti)(hu)R(sh)ΑB(ti)[ʽϹR(sh)ΑB(ti)

        R(sh)ΑB(ti)гԽ?zhn)εĕr(sh)h򄡵̽ʽƺҲԽ?zhn)@һc(din)ϣ˲HҵʷԊ(chng)c򄡿ԷR(sh)ΑB(ti)лc(din)߀ҵʷԊ(chng)c򄡹ָͬĬF(xin)˾xʽĄ(chung)췽һNƬF(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ľxʽW(xu)ŵķʽԽR(sh)ΑB(ti)ԙ(qun)oһNęC(j)(hu)ȫxʽđ򄡱ҲһNĹܲDZF(xin)挍(sh)ǰl(f)F(xin)̓ԬF(xin)򄡌(du)F(xin)R(sh)ΑB(ti)(zhng)ȡmfġĻI(lng)(do)(qun)Cultural hegemonyʹ򄡳ɞ(hu)Ļxʽǡ20o(j)~֥A(y)ԵǬF(xin)(hu)ġһNʧȥăxʽ

        Abstract: The Epic Theatre presupposed a rational and dialectical approach to modern critics of ideology, meanwhile the Theatre of Cruelty tended toward a mystical-spiritual or metaphysical view of theatre, but they both shared a common supposition of critical ideology. P. Brook tried to construct their coincident base on the critical resistance to the illusion of both traditional theatre and ideology, which not only discovered the spiritual core of Post-modernist experimental theatre, but also directed to a new theatre as human aesthetically emancipating rite.

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        [1] £Rϣ.СƪAʮġRϣՓ򄡡C£RϣҵgЇ򄡳1990棬14

        [2] JL˹̩.F(xin)򄡵Փc(sh)`MgЇ򄡳磬1989165166퓡

        [3]Ҋ׵ˡղķ˹RϣcMgЇ(hu)ƌW(xu)Ժ1998

        [4] £Rϣ.СƪAʮߣRϣՓ򄡡CҵgЇ򄡳199016

        [5] John Willett.The Theatre of Bertolt Brecht, London: Methuen, 1967, P23-24.

        [6] R˼˹ȫM316퓡P(gun)R(sh)ΑB(ti)ՓоM(jn)һ^R(sh)ΑB(ti)ՓMϺ1993

        [7] £ķ.R(sh)ΑB(ti)cаMQḡ(w)ӡ^200062

        [8] Ӣ˹.¹ߡMSYḡ(w)ӡ^198621

        [9]Ҋ¹ߡM18퓣עጢ٢

        [10]ҊϣDD.Dˇ(du)ԒM❓gČW(xu)磬19636779퓣
        Ҋ❓.W(xu)ʷMČW(xu)磬198444

        [11] F Nietzsche. The Portable NietzscheM, edited, Translated, and Annotated by Walter Kaufmann, New York: the Viking Press, 1968, P664-665.

        [12] ¹ߡM34

        [13] RϣՓ򄡡M16퓡

        [14] ·סl(wi)R˼Mḡ(w)ӡ^1984棬120

        [15]Ҋķڻi朵ı˰Mg1986棬12-27ڶ ͬĻA(ch)

        [16] l(wi)R˼M201

        [17] l(wi)R˼M121

        [18]ҊClifford Geertz. The Interpretation of CulturesM. Basic Books, Inc., Publisher S 1973. P193-233: Ideology as a Cultural System.

        [19]ҊStuart Hall. Presentation: Cultural Representations and Signifying PracticesM, London: The Open University, 1997, Chapter , The Works of Representation.

        P(gun)~(chng) w R(sh)ΑB(ti) ʷԊ

        c(din)x

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