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        ̶,_Կl(xing)оʮ^

        l(f)rg:2020-06-12 Դ: ժ c


        ժҪ
        Lrgġl(xing)һɲߡʹóкl(xing)ɞЇWgоăɂȻMкl(xing)ɞЇطc팍`ăɂͬl(xing)hȳ^(q)Ӷsl(xing)оҲ(zhn)ԡڷl(xing)幫оČWgMĻA19982008gCSSCIzՓcҪՓоWƽʾl(xing)оĻՓҪcl(f)չڅݣĶչF(xin)ʮЇl(xing)幫о˼ScWg^l(xing)ЇġWgʮЇČWʢӳ׃w^еČWgԼ}R׌PѺ͹ĺPͬr[طСl(xing)冖}ijm(x)߉݋r彨OZ£Їl(xing)幫оČWgPcՓMc`ֵָMһԏጺ

        PI~
        l(xing)Ї
        
        īIо

        ЈD̖F3D63 īIRa
        A¾̖1672-6162(2008)04-0009-10


        1978갲PСrġɡɞЇĸһc1998ͨ^ġA񹲺͇Mٵ2005ͨ^ġйԺPMxr彨OҊֱ2008깲30ı׃wشЇrĽOνOOMͰl(f)չMl(f)ЇWgԼWߵļMfl(xing)彨OԻl(xing)ā]ĂЇһΌWWWWvʷWWWTWƳ־õPע


        1 l(xing)幫оČWgM


        1.1l(xing)彨Ol(xing)r

        l(xing)冖}ĵһо߳F(xin)20oʮ_˃ɷNͬķ·һl(xing)彨Oɣڸl(xing)Ըl(f)l(xing)彨O\߀ꖳS
        MТͨČWԺɣڌWgоҪЇrrĆ}оƫՓO߀h

        Փġl(xing)彨O\ӡͱcrЇ“(lin)ϵ20oʮЇ̎܊y(zhn)rVr؅^(q)ɞ˃ȑ(zhn)đ(zhn)܊aoأȑn⻼˵ʹB꣬಻l(xing)彨O\ӱ@ӵı°l(f)϶µĸ\˽t(y)l(wi)l(wi)ȸIăʽVӰh֮ٝƶȸc䌦}JRܲɷЇRĸ}ǡĻʧ{ƶȵIJB(ti)ˣ횏ġ(chung)ĻȻfr塱ҲǏl(xing)彨O[1]mȻߌڴ\ӵЧ(sh)JHPע˼֦ĩ(ji)Ć}܏ĸЇLj\һϵиĸ˼ʹʩԾзeOĽbxڕrh(hun)Ѱl(f)˾޴׃ĽڮrĸìѲʹ^ȥ^ġ֦(ji)ԽԽɞrĸҪPעĽcMТͨČWԺɄtһǶ_l(xing)оҕҰ20o30MТͨڃȵr_չ{оrSٔ(sh)؅^(q)ĸNͬ͵^(q)(j){ã_Oˡl(xing)WnMһ̽Їl(xing)cڴ˻Aγɡl(xing)Ї[2]ƶȡ[3]@ɱɕƫͨՓ|ՓόЇy(tng)l(xing)ĽYcM˿YһϵµĸFw֡Mͬȣl(xing)о˻AʹČWڽl(xing)¼^̕rٕ漰l(xing)YԴԒZc鲻ͬǣMТͨJ顮Їr}I}@һxϣMТͨٝЇahƶȸķʽQ؆}[4]

        fl(xing)彨O\ڌ`оH錍`tl(xing)оڌWg`{ǞCо߸ƫͬ顰ΡrڵоṩˌFĽͳɹ

        1.2Εr

        20o80dl(xing)彨O{ˇҹ܉l(xing)оڶ߳һ݅WˮйʡίķؚCһؚɽl(xing)ķؚĸ﷽дОĻؚҪϡȫʩίTMϸxM˴εԇ򞡣ڌ`^߀ˡЇΡ[5]ͬrˡՓrĿ̖{ՓоԓͷrĸĸՓҪr塣ںM{鼰c׫˴{漰WgՓģӰСЇrࡷ[6]Їr弉22{c^[7]߀(chung)AЎWЇr冖}оģB(yng)һrWŒεо·оl(f)չǰMϵy(tng)ЇrΡ[8]оMһµľ֮⣬SWߌεĮa\Эh(hun)OwʩЧM˲̶ͬȵоRIġrֻ^еĴΡ[9]ФSġSҕеĴֱx[10]־xġl(xing)PϵҕҰеĴfxe[11]hġr\cΡ[12]Rѩȵġxel(xing)[13]ġεĴfA[14]ȶ@Щ

        fMоČW߂AɌWЇr冖}оĞꇵ،M˱^̽оɹl(xing)о˻ܣҲAЌWr}оϵҪλ춨˻A

        1.3l(xing)r

        l(xing)20oĩ21oAɌWߞ顰Ρx¶xnjεоIĔUĴεl(xing)D׃cAɌWߌοЧđB(ti)D׃ܲɷڴεĿЧW籣NB(ti)ȣMՓՓ͑ՓԅAɌWMՓēoߡ1999ՓĴ֮һhӢڡΡεc᣿[15]һЌεĺԡЧԼrֵλ|ɕrAЎWЇr冖}оĵ10λM^ӑՓָhӢ^׷εĿ˃rֵ˴ڬF(xin)Aֶεx
        JЇF(xin)AγГpšܣһǴš(zh)ЇƶPᘡɇ_ĸ΄
        һǽM񌦱„MҹֶκͻOpxɫ[16]Ȼ¸sJһNƶȵ䌍ҲSl(f)fȲìܣĶDl(xing)о·ɡS÷򞡱[]l(xing)匍`ČWgD򣬏^ӰȵČWڌWgLϵD͡ķƶxоΑB(ti)D΢^CxĴAɌW_ʼl(xing)(zhn)ĸl(xing)_ͻȽǶȌl(xing)չ_оȡHSijɹRѩġl(xing)A[17]ġ׃wеęc[18]־xġxe¼cfΡ[19]ȶ@Ĵ⣬RѩAɌW߀AпƼWЇl(xing)о(chung)Wվͳ桶rЇWgƽ_l(xing)о(chung)õĭh(hun)

        1.4l(xing)彨Or

        l(xing)彨Ocl(xing)׺ͬr֮ԷһµAδоԜF܊׵ıW_ʼLԇꖳEdl(xing)彨O\F܊J顰l(xing)彨O(ң ң)ǹI(y)ٕrڞ˾l(xing)r˥MΣҵĿɳm(x)l(f)չMе֪RӺWȌġAXccrl(xing)ĻYϵ`Եĸԇ
        ҲՓо͇HȷP[20]ڌ`ϣһϵеćLԇ(chung)ꖳl(xing)彨OWԺl(xing)彨Oṩˌ`cƽ_l(f)𡰴Wl(xing)ЄӡB(yng)r僞(yu)㽨O˲ţ_l(xing)彨OԇԎrM̶2005l(xing)彨Oȫصl(xing)彨ORѩҲġl(xing)Їᵽˡl(xing)l(xing)彨Oָ2002AЎЇr冖}о½ڵIl(xing)оĵĺĸl(xing)彨OоĿ[21]244l(xing)l(xing)彨O䌍һăSr•ǽ綨ͬtǰƫھCо߸ע،`\áRѩfl(xing)оİl(f)չ͌`Ƕȿ䌍l(xing)彨OΞ9|Їr^ġwk[21]244ԅ㡢RѩA20oĩwČWgDо·һֱ׷SMТּͨͨ^Č{l(f)ЇNصՓYԴڽOҰsKwڌWgQ֮{ԇHMЌWgֶ̽ȻRѩl(xing)l(xing)彨O[21]244ڌWgɹ\ڌ`ԣ䌍Ч߀д^졣

        ֮l(xing)l(xing)彨OǴΏՓоH\õcDAɌWcɌW@һc;ͬwͬl(xing)彨OijF܊cRѩڿO^еărֵƫRѩJl(xing)彨OĻOl(xing)彨O\˵錧ărֵ^cҸ^γ“(lin)ϵɞ֧µ˵ĿЇy(tng)l(xing)錧ľ޴\[21]249-250F܊tl(xing)彨OԽOȣJ飺Їڃɴìһǡ˵Pϵ߶ȾoĻìǡl(xing)ԪYĻwìЇӿлԾسd˿ډԓ(chung)µLc[22]߀21oxҪʹ񱊡кĄtкaҪxƶ䌍ƶ[23]

        l(xing)彨O\njrl(xing)彨O\ӵ^кͰl(f)չ֮gִһą^(q)efrl(xing)彨OĉF(xin)ڵl(xing)彨Oƫڰl(f)չҪ
        ǰ߸{ߏ{RµľC
        ǰҪɾӢƄ]ܵijJ߅sõˇķ


        2 l(xing)幫оҪՓ


        l(xing)֞顰l(xing)͡ΡɴKȻMl(xing)оrW߂оλڴfһfһĆλһL߉݋
        f̎ڇc̎λڞ϶µćc¶ϵrṩ˳m(x)ĵĹ(c̎xһ)˱Փl(xing)ͬӌоcڡΡHHl(xing)εĭh(hun)MКw{l(xing)Ԓ}´μI򷱶IMrg඼^(q)eďl(xing)ĺ^Y֣l(xing)ĭh(hun)w^Sչ_о

        2.1έh(hun)

        fҕ骚Ăw߅ޣ҂Ԍέh(hun)xһӰ푴ΰl(f)չcfMQ^ӰfăȲl(f)չˣĿέh(hun)Ҫλڇƶ׃l(xing)Ӱĸĸ_rvһϵе׃Ӱ^l(xing)ČWgҕҰռ(j)ҪλŽ

        (1)ƶȸĸͥ“(lin)aа؟ƵČʩr彛wƸĸcҪĵλһֱnjWg߹ߘOPעğcУPƆ}rʹÙD}ӑՓPƆ}ʮ҂һֱԳֵصļw@NǷԓm(x)W͹ٷͬĿһN؇лᳫUؼwһ؇xrࡱrɵؽID׌ڇSķȳڶN˽лخaȫrԓ^cijJЇĿǰڵġr}YYrزrϣrJԼNĵԼԛ]LhͶYصĴ[24]NڬF(xin)еؼwƻAƳаƶ^cJ؇л^ÓxH˽лֻ{صĽܶ䱣ϹֻЈԳؼwЇ͝uMʽĸִ^cČWͬӷˬF(xin)سаƶȵķNN׶˲ҪسаMһPrʹÙDĆ}Ԓ}ڽSrЈijF(xin)ͷa׵P}ضһСµӑՓᳱWF(xin)_ɵĹRǼӿrDЈl(f)չrYԴĺúr彛l(f)չ@ķһǶMУһǏخaȱǶ[25]
        ǏĽǶ[26]
        ǏrϵĽǶ[27]鱣CʹÙЈD׌ĹƽԣF(xin)ȫͬͬͬr߀kؽĘ[28]ʹWӑՓݱ댦rʹÙDʼK]ЏƶMҎ(gu)һֱȡĬSđB(ti)طt(j)?sh)صČHr@ͨuF(xin)һơ°l(f)سа⵹ίнIҎ(gu)ģIɷݺơUĻġuʽW猦@ЩwʽҲоּ̽rʹÙDЧ

        (2)r嶐Mĸr嶐Mĸ2000굽F(xin)һֱl(xing)оcоһֱ@һԒ}ߵĬF(xin)ӰڴšvоcF(xin)^΢С׃2000ʽ_ʼM^WӑՓ^ǶcrpؓPϵ
        2002صǶ^y߽h
        2003_ʼPעĸĿЧ
        2004_ʼprI(y)2006ȫȏصȡrI(y)ĴWоҪDɷһnjȡrI(y)׷
        njɶMĸ׸ĸl(xing)(zhn)Cĸо

        ȡrI(y)@һߣW߂ٝ˷ٝ߶rI(y)ڵĺMзJrI(y)Ƿ⽨rڵġʼZڮm(x)LJҌrЏƵĚvʷzEraĕrҪֹ֧I(y)İl(f)չڹI(y)rI(y)ĬF(xin)rI(y)ȫʧȥ˴ڵɡߵɲ̫y(tng)һһNҊǏǶȿ]JrI(y)ȡpٻؔṩյʹֻܲáߵֶΡ[29]OؑMĸ
        һNҊǏrؓǶȿ]JrI(y)ȡ]Мpprؓor˸صļiɶMĸɵl(xing)ؔյȱڱͨ^ʽaһһhƶ@ЩƶȵČF(xin)ҪM~ijɱʹrҪյĸhh^rI(y)rǏĂǶȷ߂һc_ɹRȡrI(y)߉݋c߉݋ȫѵ

        P߱^ٝɵڶNҊrI(y)rؓбռ(j)ıؾͲ󣬬F(xin)ڌȡһ挦rwpؓ]̫x
        һɴɵl(xing)ؔհ߀횽һNʽMa(һһhĸ~ɱ_µĶN)ȡrI(y)ĸĿǞrpؓ͸ȺPϵǽ^ɱ҂l(f)F(xin)ĺrؓ^ȥˣ@`˶ĵijԆ֌W߃HHrorI(y)ȡ@һcs]пrԹɶ~ؓ@Sc@Ӹѵؿ}҂^urһʮкF(xin)҂ҪIJӑՓrI(y)ǷԓȡҪӑՓڬF(xin)ĶMƶ‘ԓηֹrؓķ

        (3)l(xing)(zhn)Cĸl(xing)(zhn)Cĸ1998_ʼ鶐Mĸ״ʩͬMPоֲ^vʷF(xin)ǰչоҪnjl(xing)(zhn)Cĸl(xing)(zhn)ĸһh(hun)MпǏ¹ġՓЇl(xing)(zhn)ĸ25꡷[30]ԓČЇl(xing)(zhn)ĸĚvʷĂAAθĸҪݡҪxRMF(xin)оÌ{ķʽľwĭh(hun)Ќ挍߷չоҪ@l(xing)(zhn)Cšܼģʽչ_l(xing)(zhn)CģʽδķNl(xing)(zhn)Ρl(xing)sl(xing)(zhn)ȫl(xing)(zhn)wһNģʽɞĸĿW翴һҊǡl(xing)l(xing)(zhn)ƽڽVܽBքerl(xing)(zhn)Κvʷl(xing)(zhn)ؔՓCˌF(xin)l(xing)(zhn)ΡıȻ[31-33]
        „teˬF(xin)l(xing)(zhn)CcЈF(xin)Ҫĸˡhl(xing)Ρĸ[34]
        ҲJ顰smģʽ[35]cҊ෴һN•Jl(xing)(zhn)ֻܼӏָA񹲺͇Ļʯr࡭ˆ}QķֻǸƻĿ߀Ǽӏȡ[36]Œ߶Ǐ߉݋l(f)MUl(xing)(zhn)Cĸ߉݋߀Pע

        (4)r幫^ȫr幫յ2002СġЇr幫ա[37]ԓr幫оՓAЇr幫յƶ׃wЇr幫ϵy(tng)ͷr幫ʽɞоc_еf2005󣬿J@߂һ̖ļоᳱ2005r幫յоҪN;һNPעr幫wϵĽ@о”(sh)ռcr彨OԒZo“(lin)ϵһ{һ¡֡΄†}˼·ֵע@ЩУW߂r幫wϵĘһN^đB(ti)^һµJڴ^БԓҲӴؔͶϣĽЇl(xing)彨O\ĿͶעn´彨O\Ad혺Sͬǰ߿҇Ļy(tng)ͽl(f)չˮƽcnT֮̎ڴǰ¸(j)n´\ӵĽ򞌦҇xr彨O\һϵеĽh[38]
        ߲H˃ɇ֮̎߀ָɇ֮gڲ@ֱӛQ҇r彨OиďsԺL[39]ڶN;Pעr幫յĹoF(xin)ܛƌWоĿЇr幫wϵ(chung)£F(xin)}cߡL޲ֵ؅^(q)r幫՝MȼMˌC[40]N;tǏČWF(xin)ǶՓCMr幫սOķeOx

        āfPڇƶȰŌl(xing)ӰWuudһɷƶȰԙxĺ•Rѩ׵AɌWЇr冖}ĽQҪ{YϱYԴõһՓጵĆ}ƶȰˮؼ޽ڱYԴ֮˾SҵĄƶȰˇ|ɣfЇrȫһеߺ㶨ĸʮĂ϶һеr߮a^eOY[36]

        2.2w

        ĿǰSPl(xing)wՓģɿɵġЌWJl(xing)wǴȺЇrrȺΣͨ^νMkcPĴ„F(xin)ҹҽҷա[8]3ЌWָmȻl(xing)ΡѽɞF(xin)l(xing)ĴҳڌrͿƵҪȻʹBl(xing)ҙڻӵ|Ǿl(xing)(zhn)WJ^YԴĴfӢڴ՛QһãnjHxϵw͎ӑՓ^wM^cw{

        (1)l(xing)(zhn)ܶоl(xing)cl(xing)(zhn)CĸĸPĸεӰQ֮W߂l(xing)(zhn)ҕfڭh(hun)֮һMоҲWߌl(xing)(zhn)CwfăȲYС̫܊Jl(xing)(zhn)Cl(xing)ćrl(f)չ(zhn)l(xing)(zhn)⹦Լl(xing)ķһ̶l(xing)cΙڹϵě_ͻɴˌƒɷN\޲໥ֺĬF(xin)rаl(f)Sl(xing)CȻ弉MԼŒٙCͨ^ٿxeCA[41]ĶɇҙıϵռŒϵ³c̫܊Ŀ෴ڽVJl(xing)(zhn)ę˥J顰SҌl(xing)彛هԵĜpl(xing)Јİl(f)չԼy(tng)ęĻF(xin)ĻD׃ҵu˳l(xing)I[32]l(xing)(zhn)Αɞĸ}֮˾S࿴l(xing)(zhn)CIJcڽVͬJ顰l(xing)(zhn)İl(f)չՆTKǷλ[36]

        (2)ͨ񡣽̫܊J飬l(xing)KЙrrԓl(xing)팍|xϵw[42]@Nᷨܵ|Kϵ؅^(q)ָwI(y)ƺȺwl(xing)(zhn)γɏĹYP“(lin)ͨ񌢕ڟoγұoCƶܓp[43]RѩҲQӋrKڕ]ճнHPϵڳF(xin)ͻl(f)a¼r]Б[21]36rMƺѽɞl(xing)wовҎ(gu)ܵԒ}

        20o90ٌWߌĿͶrgMrf(xi)ϣrf(xi)ܳГIε΄աW߂оIDrf(xi)ćĽЌҵƄӇȴεˌձrf(xi)܉ЧrṩķM̽J顰λһwMŔࡱ͡CϽIձrf(xi)ܰl(f)@Чõԭᘌ҇rһϵнh[44]
        ͨ^nrf(xi)顰ڶvꠡĚvʷ׃PMп죬(c̎xһ)҇ơڶvꠡc顰һvꠡӽMγøPϵıҪԼʽ߽h[45]SȲݸΣУϵİl(f)չѴ֌WߌR^صڽMп죬ָ҇rѽF(xin)r磬Ҳȡ˲СijɿrMɺ磬߼wvrُNӹſcaǰaЭh(hun)(ji)ƽƽ@ƽ[46]ďɽṩYϿЇrĮaI(y)Mԡ˾l(xing)(zhn)(Еrǿh)˾rģʽhδɞ“(lin)YrcЈʽ[47]

        (3)fӢǰfӢһLJҙڴf³dwһǏVδĮһ̶ϿҕcĽcӢYMн͸ҕc໥˴fӢһֱnjWоcھӢ͵оϣRѩ־xȌfӢ֞ӢͷӢǰմfʽYԴՂy(tng)YԴYԴ[48]ˌfӢ֞ξӢ(Ҫָί)ĻӢ(IڽI)ͽӢ(罛ˣ˽ϰ)ξӢஔRѩ;ӢӢĻӢtnjӢaIĄΣھӢõо̶Aͨ^cB(ti)fӢĸֵȫ☋͸ҕf\еȫָ;Ӣ顰ˡ͡O(jin)oˡɫě_ͻM˃yľأ;ӢSİl(f)չѸٳLuc;Ӣӑr߀rϣڴfռһϯ֮[49]ڲͬ͵ķ;Ӣl(f)]ϣ^cзxJ顰ڮЇĵطĻ׌λεĽĽy(tng)ĻӢl(xing)Ҫ@ԽԽ΢[50]cs}(zhn)Ұ{еóc֮෴ĽYՓJ飬ƶȻʧζѪĻCƵPϵĽwS20o70ĩЇrߵDcwƵͻԼҞĵĽλĴ_ԵؾAĴ书ܵrMеĻy(tng)еɫչF(xin)҂ǰ[51]еĴfӢ徫ӢWgPעĴڬF(xin)Լ䑪ȻһֱӑՓĽc

        l(xing)wlһŶՓ9|rסڽl(f)չˮƽطĻy(tng)ԸB(ti)h(hun)lOķǾЇrΑB(ti)fǧʽl(xing)(zhn)fӢ߀ͨwԓ]AıYԴ횶xһͨõķtP߽oĽhǣɪ^(q)ԽMГl(xing)(zhn)tҪГչšֹMõI򣬶ڏP“(lin)ʹfӛĵml(f)]{⹫o˽I͹F(xin)ì

        2.3^

        ^l(xing)УfȲMxeQͱO(jin)^W猦^̵о^༯xeQߺ͹h(hun)(ji)д弉xeһһhʹ弉ؔչǟhԒ}

        (1)弉xe弉xeڴIһֱǂPעh}Ҳ顰ЇΌWһо߸׃оҕMһ錒Vl(xing)оIпڡ·Ͳ[52]ᘌЇrƶȽOеĸxʽ}Wgвͬ^cJ弉xe挍طӳЇrĸMЩWߵоsór񲻝M弉xeĽYՓڃɷNͬļOܶWߌ弉xeijMˌ{MһxeCˌFĽhڴ弉xeʽĸMҲɷN^chӢJ弉xeҪҵ폊ᵽЇrĆ}f߀һɽ}”μɽİl(f)չҪһЩ[53]cͬr־xóc֮ĽYՓJڇҏĽҪrİl(f)עذl(f)fλA[54]

        (2)һһh^һһhָrdkw˜I(y)rҪYҪͨ^ߴwӑՓоЌŒhkIYǞˏaMĸȡĴ弉ɵYȱͨ^Wһϵе{Có^һµĽYՓǣһһhڌʩ^дص[Jһһh׳ɱ̫ߡƶOӋMMȱeOԡȱ[55]˸(j)MĸV|rӰ푵{óˡһһhy_չrrˮOʩO;SoڰcĽYՓ[56]˄tԔˌ`Ӱ푡һһh_(yu)ĸF(xin)AڏVr匍еġһһh˿ڡrؚFTصӰ푣ڌ`_Փϵ(yu)ܵõһЩ҂Ը⿴ĽY[57]

        (3)弉ؔա弉ؔյоҪ֞ɂһǴ弉ؔչǴ弉ؓڴ弉ؔյо棬WѽγһͬǰJ֪弉ؔչyǮǰr彛һ^ͻĆ}ЧQˆ}ѽɞr彛OMп̲ݾ΄ڣãӣӣãό弉ؔչMõՓĻѭͬһģʽؔдڵĆ}}γԭ򡪡QČ߽hʹچ}fҪСӋAؔˆT|ߡָͱO(jin)򡱡ؔչ_Ȳߡ̫ؔؓءȿᘌ@Щ}W߂߽h^һµСӏ弉ؔչɷҎ(gu)Oؔչ_ƶȡؔչˆT˼|͘I(y)|ȡPJ@弉ؔչоڅͬ߄оĂ߉݋δĄ(chung)߽hֻᵽ˱]ЌmԡɲMһڴ弉ؓоW^ļڴ弉ؓą^(q)\õ^ǃɷNҕǣһNǏĵطeOԵIJ^(q)򽛝l(f)չˮƽIJ ጴ弉ؓą^(q)[58]
        һNǏrȲYIJl(f)ጴ弉յą^(q)l(xing)İl(f)չ[59]


        3 l(xing)幫оČWgڅ


        ʮl(xing)PīIMл[sl(xing)оİl(f)չڅČMпYоϏĆһҕǵWƶ෽ں
        оλϏĴfо^(q)о
        оcϏČfȲ^̵оfⲿh(hun)о

        3.1ĆһҕǷWƶ෽ĽC

        30оuĆһҕǷDW෽ĽCČWeϿ20o80W߂εĿΌWǶȳl(f)书ܵоҲcMP˺˂l(f)F(xin)@һƶѽoݼ{l(xing)ķо_ʼ{NWI˲ˏĽWǶȺ㶐MĸijɱˏĚvʷWǶȿƶȵ׃wˏWǶUĻd˥
        ҂ͬһIͬһ¼Ͽ،WƵĽоϿڶ،WƵĽWg޽ṩ˱l(xing)ČW_ʼLԇNߵĽãҰ{^ƶȷķҰ{WWоij÷֮һҪʷ{Ⱦwĸ_ԁһϵ׃̼ˇȌWЇλRL͌xķУĶʹÌW_ʼ{һֲϡҪҰ{ҲˌW߂ƫ۵ȡķʽ^cҰ{Yһ\ͬһr΃Ȳͬ^(q)ĔֵעSЌՓ[60]ͅ^(q)оd^l(xing)оռ(j)ԽԽҪĵλ\ÿ׷ݵʮoꖳroSl(xing)彨OԒZďdһԴfоλԇЇѸ^Ӱԇ[]Rѩĺԇ[]F܊ĵԳԇ[]λmԇ[]^@ЩԇcfǞ˿ƌWоռYϣfǞˌоøTڽOƏVƶȷ20o߰ʮ_ʼSεd_ɽ֮µġЇrΡ[8]ԓġƶȷҪՓόƶMȫ̽ӑ˺Sƶt(y)ƶȡƶȵһϵ׃İl(f)ƶȷ౻\õPīIС߀ˌՓ뵽l(xing)幫оЁ̶[49]֮Їl(xing)оuMWƽоAҰ{Ҫо^͌t䏊ɞδоڅW෽M댢ʹо׃øwM

        3.2Ĵfо^(q)оl(xing)ط

        Ұ{SWߺW߶TڌfоλԇDͨ^ijһfvʷ׃wоxЇ@Nоʽ䌍һϵyԻشĆ}ӱĴfǷ܉Їɴ˘ӱݳǷmărֵ@SȫW߶֮^ʹĆ}ЇΑB(ti)fǧĴfYʹôоһfֵ̈́Ć}粽yС҂l(f)F(xin)ϷĴfmõĽŵĴfˮʹͬϷĴfҲн̶vʷzĻΑB(ti)MYȷNNͬhöؘ˜ʁ팤ͬʹf҂ԇDõλ̶fP“(lin)ȶָһӌ·ҲSεذl(f)F(xin)ϛ]ЃƬͬ~ӡf͵yԄֱӽo҂һy}A҂Ұ{еõ`f҂ԓʲôӵij߶ȥxЇ@߶ȵx˜ʲôؾĻ܉@ôfȺJͬ߶ȵİղʺ߻ؚwğomᘌһϵеĆ}ʩŵ_ʼᳫhWWýWķx^ЇԴf־ģʽԴfоĔ(sh)ѷeһЇҪPעf͇ҵPϵwfЇһNʲôӵʩńtˡ˜ʼСĸָЇĽwɘ˜ʼBĺ^^(q)[61]6-720o˾ʮȲٌWҲڅ^(q)^оŬ͵ĴDz\õĕrgR^ʽؿ˺ʮhS߅Ї[62]Ĵˌо·DƵ^(q)^ρ

        Ć΂f^Ӵϵą^(q)оٵЇĽxl(xing)оһNڅڂоĻAϣԅ^(q)онM뵽ЇwM뵽ǾЇrJRǮǰWŬQĆ}ҲȻдŬķ[63]@һoҎ(gu)ܵĆ}lµġvȡᡱ҂ؿϣоڴоɹܾЌIĴԣ@һ}ăɶ҂ԇDMиV韵ęM挦ȕryLrԵо(c̎xһ)҂ֻмڸWߵŬ̓ɷNϵȡLa⣬ҪָSaƷ͹չoIJȻScl(xing)岻zYڅͬں^(q)cl(xing)оĵطоԽμl(xing)о

        3.3ĴfȲ^оfⲿh(hun)о

        20o˾ʮdW߼ĿͶעڴfޏͺͰl(f)չ^AɌWߞ1999Ĵxe_һ̽rȲC^̵Ļ伯wWgDŒϮrεоƫڌfȲ^̵Ī@NyԱ؎һĿgԡSоͅ^(q)оdW߂uXHʹfоfaR]ɽĿֻڴɽСĆ}RѩAɵČWMо·ĵڶμwD_ʼĴfⲿh(hun)PϵQĽǶȥ_չоͨ^ȫͬ^(q)rM{⮔ǰЇl(xing)Ġr^(q)ԲĶTƶM벻ͬl(xing)^̡CƼ[52]@N׃ֱ^طӳ˴оPīIĔ(sh)׃(ȫy(tng)Ӌ[])D1ʾ

        D1Їl(xing)幫оڅݣ1998-2006

        ɈD1Ҋ”(sh)ϿʮPڴ^̵о࣬߀»څČWgϿԏĴxeԒ}^r֮W猦ڴ^̵оһֱδPīIǃHĆһǶ猦һһhƶW߂HΌWǶ룬Փl(f)ҲǺεuh
        ߃Hͣچ}桪猦弉ؔչоֻͣڌ߽hӣOٿ߽hĿɲMՓCŒߵİl(f)֮έh(hun)µĔ(sh)c|twF(xin)ˌW߂оdȤW߂ՄؔѲكHHڴfȲؔ_ʼPעcؔ}oPĶMĸƶȡŒMĸһö~^[l(xing)Џsl(xing)ɼPϵWjSĆ}ʹԭѲ̫ƽoĴf׃øӄʎl(xing)(zhn)CĸؔwƸĸһϵ׸ĸ\Ǟ˜pβSMrĸáSԶļP״ʩl(xing)Ľ롢\мӰ푞^c|l(xing)иNҪؽRĈM^xl(xing)Ї


        īI

        [1]rڵl(xing)彨O\[]ʷW2006(4)69-80

        [2]MТͨl(xing)Ї[]ϾKˇ2007

        [3]MТͨƶ[]̄ӡ^2008

        [4]£Їrr}оİ[]AЎWW(ƌW)1999(11)1-10

        [5]ˮЇ[]ϷʣSɽ磬1999

        [6]񰲣Їr[]ɶĴ1992

        [7]񰲣Їr弉22{c^[]hAЎW磬2000

        [8]£Їr[]hAЎW1997

        [9]RIrֻ^еĴ[]ڣϷ1997

        [10]ФSSҕеĴֱx[]ЇƌW磺2001

        [11]־xl(xing)PϵҕҰеĴfxe[]W2002

        [12]hAr\c[]ЇƌW2001

        [13]Rѩꐝxel(xing)[]W磬2002

        [14]Rѩ褣εĴfA[]W磬2002

        [15]hӢΡεc[](zhn)c1999(1)88-96

        [16]㣮ΣՓYԴ\Чd˥cؽhӡΡεcĵuh[]xо1999(4)76-78

        [17]Rѩ壮l(xing)A[]ЇƌW磬2003

        [18]㣮׃wеęc[]ЇƌW2002

        [19]־xxe¼cf[]ЇƌW2004.

        [20]F܊Їl(xing)彨O[EB/OL](2005-09-25)[2006-10-24].http://www.xschina.org/show.php?id=7856.

        [21]Rѩ壮l(xing)Ї[]֣VW2003

        [22]F܊낀orƶ׃w[](zhn)c1999(6)76-82

        [23]F܊Їһ[]x2001(3)3-11

        [24]СPɽЇĸRӆ}Pƶȸĸ[](zhn)c2002(5)1-5

        [25]XҺãrسаIaȱcЈDՓc߷[]磬2002(6)35-45

        [26]RArI(y)䌦rDӰ푡һ[]ϺؔWW(܌WƌW)2006(2)72-78

        [27]Lƣrcr[]wƱ^2002(1)49-55

        [28]ʣ׃ƶȵĕrCѽ[]Ϸĩ2007-10-11

        [29]֥mؔơ߀ǡơr嶐Mĸǰcط֮gĻ[]Wо2005(4)44-63

        [30]¹⣮ՓЇl(xing)(zhn)ĸ25[].Ї2005(10)16-19

        [31]ƽl(xing)(zhn)wƸĸl(xing)l(f)չɡλgλD׃[]ëɖ|СƽՓо2004(6)29-35

        [32]ڽVl(xing)(zhn)Σ(j)·[](zhn)c2002(6)117-120

        [33]ܽB|l(xing)(zhn)ڵıҪԣՄһCO[]˴о2004(6)22-25

        [34]£hl(xing)ɡΣl(xing)ĽYDQ[]KƌW2002(2)27-30

        [35]£Pڮǰ҇l(xing)(zhn)Cĸ`о[]WW(܌WƌW)2006(1)54-61

        [36]˾S|ɡl(xing)(zhn)wƸĸPl(xing)ЇăɷN˼·[]_ŕr2004(2)16-24

        [37]С࣮Їr幫[]Їl(f)չ2002

        [38]Ad혣nġ´\ӡ䌦Їr彨OĆʾ[]cx2006(3)17-21

        [39]Sn´\u[]WԺW2006(4)
        81-84

        [40]ξA÷ȣr幫՝MȼČCLޞ鰸[]Ї2006(5)91-95

        [41]̫܊fؙӵW[](zhn)c[].2002(2)105-114

        [42]̫܊PڴεJR`^(q)[]KƌW1999(6)30-32

        [43]y(tng)c׃wI(y)ƺKr弉[]Wо2002(1)10-16

        [44]Rl(wi)ձrf(xi)ЇrI(y)wϵĆʾ[]1995(6)195-182.

        [45]ʯڣcrPϵġڶvꠡnrf(xi)׃P䆢ʾ[]WԺW2005(4)85-88

        [46]Y|Pr熖}˼[]2004(7)136-137

        [47]ɽ“(lin)YrcЈЇrнM̽[]ЇƌW磬2002

        [48]־xRѩ壮fYӷՓxe弉ĺϷ[]ЇƌW2002(1)158-167

        [49]̶AӢcB(ti)cf[]2004(10)57-67

        [50]xЈDͣӢλcط[]ΌW2006(6)68-73

        [51]cďdcȺYϡ}(zhn)Ұ{[]Wо2000(6)76-84

        [52]Rѩ壮о·cwu[]_ŕr2005(4)82-96

        [53]hӢЇl(xing)ΣF(xin)}cڅ[]KƌW2004(4)1-4

        [54]־xxeȝcεAO[]KƌW2004(4)5-6

        [55]ɏ҇B(ti)̽OеĄڄù}[]y(tng)ӋcQ(Փ)2006(5)151-153

        [56]ʷƣMĸV|rӽMӰ푵{[]Їr彛2006(8)56-62

        [57]hһһhƶȵĎc˼[].WW(ƌW)2004(9)33-35

        [58]ꐝwRȣ弉յĬF(xin)wƳ仯⡪223弰3ӱh(){

        []2006(5)76-85[59]Rѩ壮Փ弉ؓą^(q)rЄӆλҕ[]磬2005(11)82-100.(c̎xһ)

        [60]܊l(xing)ķՓYc˼[]Փ2006(12)64-66

        [61]㑣l(xing)[]ЇW磬2003[62]\壮S߅ЇһWߌl(xing)^c˼[]ϺϺˇ2004

        [63]Rѩ壮l(xing)оİl(f)չ[]FƌW2007(6)4-8


        ԭdڡW20084}顶Їl(xing)幫о棨19982008

        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        ĿԴݽo(yu)˲֧Ӌ NCET070858


        [] 2003RѩںS÷_չl(xing)Dͨ^l(xing)ⲿo轛g֧l(f)εăʹruГεw؟

        [] 20002003꣬tоںɳhԡίM(j)ԡՓָMϵy(tng)ġͨ^ġ񻯡ƄӴn}Mչ@Q匍򞡱

        [] ԇ򞡱ǡ˅f(xi)ԇ򞡱ĺQ2003_ʼRѩġl(xing)彨OɡČWںGTɵأ_չԼӴ󹫹ƷĹoӏĻOĵl(xing)彨OƄr\Ӱl(f)չ

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        []λmԇ򞣬ҪrXԸĻAϣr񽛝l(f)չк猍F(xin)ҽIҷ

        []2007ꡪ2008Ĕ(sh)(j)딵(sh)(j)ȫδڈD1wF(xin)֮fDzȫy(tng)ӋԭжһܵgƫõӰͬrҲǞfҪ}P߲]а͌Wχķ˜MзHxF(xin)l^ߵĎ}Mнy(tng)Ӌέh(hun)}ƶ׃r嶐Mĸl(xing)(zhn)Cĸw}l(xing)(zhn)ͨʹfӢ^̡}дxeһһhʹؔ
        ڶڽy(tng)ӋԴHCSSCIīIڙzgƣy(tng)Ӌ(sh)(j)ҊܾLīIȫòֻ܏ĺ^όо߄M

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