吞咽功能評估在老年住院患者中的運用及可行性分析

　　【摘要】 目的：研究與分析吞咽功能評估在老年住院患者中的運用及可行性。方法：選取本院2017年9-10月收治的老年住院患者189例，根據(jù)吞咽功能評估及護理干預的不同分為對照組（94例）和觀察組（95例）。觀察組行標準吞咽功能評估（SSA）+吞糊試驗及針對性護理干預，對照組行洼田飲水試驗及常規(guī)護理干預。對比兩組留置胃管例數(shù)、吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率、干預療效及住院時間等。結果：觀察組干預總有效率為88.42%（84/95）明顯高于對照組的69.15%（65/94），差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）；而觀察組留置胃管例數(shù)、吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率、住院時間等與對照組相比均顯著較少，差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。結論：針對老年住院患者采取SSA+吞糊試驗測評其吞咽功能具有較高可行性，且根據(jù)測評結果對其實施針對性護理干預可促使其健康結局顯著改善，值得推廣應用。
　　【關鍵詞】 吞咽功能評估； 老年住院患者； 可行性
　　Evaluation of Swallowing Function in Elderly Inpatients and Analysis of Feasibility/OU Xiaoming，LYU Yingbin，F(xiàn)ENG Wenying.//Medical Innovation of China，2018，15（07）：084-086
　　【Abstract】 Objective：To study and analyze the feasibility and feasibility of swallowing function assessment in elderly inpatients. Method：A total of 189 elderly inpatients with swallowing disorders admitted to our hospital from September to October 2017 were divided into control group（n=94） and observation group（n=95） according to the assessment of swallowing function and nursing intervention.The observation group was convicted and targeted nursing interventions，the control group was given Kubota drinking water test and routine nursing intervention.The number of indwelling gastric tube，the incidence of aspiration pneumonia，intervention efficacy and hospital stay of two groups were compared.Result：The effective rate of observation group was 88.42%（84/95），which was significantly higher than that of control group 69.15%（65/94），the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）； in observation group，the number of gastric tube，the incidence of aspiration pneumonia，hospital stay were significantly less than those of control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion： It is feasible to evaluate the swallowing function of inpatients with senile swallowing disorder by taking the embezzlement test.According to the results of the evaluation，the targeted nursing intervention can promote the significant improvement of their health outcomes，which is worthy of popularizing and applying.
　　【Key words】 Swallowing function assessment； Elderly inpatients； Feasibility
　　First-author’s address：Heshan People’s Hospital，Heshan 529700，China
　　doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.07.024
　　對于神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病及肌病患者而言，吞咽困難是一種常見并發(fā)癥，其指的是食物通過咽部或食管時感到費力，有咽不下、梗阻、障礙的感覺。由于其吞咽過程比較長，且極易引發(fā)一系列病癥，如營養(yǎng)不良、吸入性肺炎窒息等，甚至還可能會剝奪人的基本進食需求，嚴重影響生活質量[1-3]。而大多數(shù)老年住院患者由于疾病以及年齡等因素的影響，因而其大多存在吞咽功能障礙[4-5]。此類患者的特點主要為吞咽困難、飲水嗆咳等，其不僅會增加患者吸入性肺炎發(fā)生率以及病死率，且還會延長患者的住院時間，從而嚴重影響患者的預后[6-8]。因此本文選取本院2017年9-10月收治的老年住院患者189例，根據(jù)吞咽功能評估及護理干預的不同分為對照組（94例）和觀察組（95例），即對吞咽功能評估在老年住院患者中的運用及可行性進行了研究與分析，現(xiàn)報道如下。

相關熱詞搜索：住院 吞咽 老年 患者 可行性分析