和林格爾縣集體建設(shè)用地征收補(bǔ)償改革研究

　　摘要：研究目的：破解和林格爾縣集體建設(shè)用地在征收補(bǔ)償過(guò)程中遇到的難題。研究方法：運(yùn)用理論結(jié)合實(shí)際、定性定量分析、系統(tǒng)分析，案例分析等研究方法，以相關(guān)土地征收理論為指導(dǎo)，將國(guó)內(nèi)外土地征收制度做比較，努力探索集體建設(shè)用地征收補(bǔ)償改革路徑，加強(qiáng)改革的力度，不斷完善體制機(jī)制建設(shè)。研究結(jié)果：公平合理的補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與科學(xué)完善的補(bǔ)償政策，可以保護(hù)農(nóng)民的基本權(quán)益，使農(nóng)民可以獲得更加為理想的補(bǔ)償，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。研究結(jié)論：現(xiàn)行征收補(bǔ)償中存在問題的原因是相關(guān)法律法規(guī)不完善、社會(huì)保障力度不夠，政府農(nóng)民溝通不暢，導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)就業(yè)保障機(jī)制不健全、征收補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不精準(zhǔn)，征收補(bǔ)償制度不完善的問題，解決問題的改革路徑為規(guī)范征收補(bǔ)償程序、完善征收補(bǔ)償安置辦法、推進(jìn)社會(huì)保障體系的建設(shè)，確保全局監(jiān)督。
　　關(guān)鍵字：和林格爾縣；集體建設(shè)用地；征收補(bǔ)償
　　Research on the Reform of the Collective Construction Land Expropriation Compensation---Take Helingeer County as an Example
　　Abstract：Research purposes：to solve the problem of collective construction land in Helingeer County in the process of compensation and expropriation. Research methods include combining theory and practice，qualitative and quantitative analysis，system analysis，case analysis and other methods. Under the guidance of the relevant land expropriation theory，comparing the land expropriation system at home and abroad. Efforts should be made to explore the reform path of collective construction land expropriation compensation，strengthen the reform efforts，and improve the system and mechanism construction constantly. The results of the study：fair and reasonable compensation standards and scientific and perfect compensation policy can protect the basic rights and interests of farmers so that farmers can get more satisfactory compensation，and promote economic development and social stability. The conclusion of the study：the existing problems in the collection compensation are due to imperfect laws and regulations and inadequate social security. The poor communication between government and farmers leads to imperfect employment security mechanism，inaccurate collection compensation standards and imperfect compensation system. The reform way of solving the problem is to standardize the procedure of collection and compensation，to perfect the method of levying compensation and resettlement，to promote the construction of social security system，and to ensure the overall supervision.
　　Key words：Helingeer Country；Collective Construction Land；Expropriation Compensation
　　1.前言
　　1.1研究背景及意義
　　當(dāng)下和林格爾縣集體建設(shè)用征收補(bǔ)償過(guò)程中存在很多的問題，為了解決這些問題，為了維護(hù)農(nóng)民土地權(quán)益與保障農(nóng)民公平分享土地增值收益，需結(jié)合和林格爾縣實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行集體建設(shè)用地征收補(bǔ)償改革研究。
　　通過(guò)研究制定出臺(tái)的相關(guān)制度辦法，探索實(shí)踐改革試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，做到將理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合，完善體制機(jī)制建設(shè)。公平合理的補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與科學(xué)完善的補(bǔ)償政策，可使農(nóng)民獲得更加公平合理的補(bǔ)償，促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展及維護(hù)社會(huì)。
　　1.2研究的理論基礎(chǔ)
　　1.2.1.馬克思主義地租地價(jià)理論
　　馬克思認(rèn)為土地的價(jià)格是資本化的地租[1]，有了地租后才產(chǎn)生了土地價(jià)格[2]，這個(gè)購(gòu)買土地的價(jià)值是土地提供的地租的購(gòu)買價(jià)格[3]，并不是土地的購(gòu)買價(jià)格而是地租資本化的表現(xiàn)。
　　1.2.2產(chǎn)權(quán)制度理論
　　現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)認(rèn)為產(chǎn)權(quán)清楚明晰的界定是商品進(jìn)行交換和轉(zhuǎn)移的前提，產(chǎn)權(quán)明晰了才能夠明確各個(gè)權(quán)利主體之間權(quán)、責(zé)，利[4]。地價(jià)為土地產(chǎn)權(quán)的交易價(jià)格，產(chǎn)權(quán)的讓予為土地交易的實(shí)質(zhì)[5]。

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