不同中微量元素配施對烤煙農(nóng)藝性狀、兩糖積累及品質(zhì)的影響

　　摘要：為改善昭通煙葉兩糖協(xié)調(diào)性，在昭陽區(qū)布嘎鄉(xiāng)硼、氯、鋅、鎂元素有效含量偏低的土壤上研究了不同中微量元素配施對烤煙農(nóng)藝性狀、煙葉兩糖含量及品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明：施用中微量元素肥料處理農(nóng)藝性狀比常規(guī)施肥（對照）處理好，田間病害少，大田團棵期前葉綠素含量高;移栽后75 d時ZW2的總糖積累量最高，為16.96%，還原糖積累量最高為14.56%;ZW3淀粉積累量最高，為30.38%�？竞螽a(chǎn)量ZW2最高，為3 012.90 kg/hm2;ZW3中上等煙比例最好，為84.75;ZW1產(chǎn)值最高，為64 675.00元/hm2;煙葉兩糖差下部葉ZW1最小，為13.85個百分點，中部葉ZW3最小，為17.13個百分點，上部葉對照最小，為11.31個百分點;煙葉多酚含量ZW3最高，為32.26 mg/g。綜之，施用中微量元素肥料能改善煙株農(nóng)藝性狀，減少田間病害發(fā)生，煙株生長發(fā)育后期增加總糖、還原糖、淀粉的積累，提升烤后煙葉的經(jīng)濟性狀，一定程度上降低了下部和中部初烤煙葉的總糖和還原糖之差，且施用B、Mg、Zn處理能適當提高煙株團棵期前煙葉葉綠素含量。
　　關鍵詞：烤煙;中微量元素;配施;產(chǎn)量;質(zhì)量;兩糖
　　中圖分類號：S572.062文獻標識號：A文章編號：1001-4942（2019）02-0081-06
　　Effects of Combined Application of Different Medium and
　　Trace Elements on Agronomic Traits， Sugar
　　Accumulation and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco
　　Feng Guiru  Ji Zeshun  Zhang Zhuanyong  Sang Yinghua  Huang Yunzhi
　　Hu Jiatian  Han Bowen  Liu Yanzhong  Luo Yigui
　�。�1.College of Tobacco， Yunnan Agricultural University， Kunming 65020 China;
　　2. Zhaotong Cigarette Factory of Hongta Tobacco （Group） Co.， Ltd.， Zhaotong 657000， China）
　　AbstractTo improve the coordination of total and reducing sugars in Zhaotong tobacco leaves， the experiment was conducted in the soil with low effective contents of boron， chlorine， zinc and magnesium in Buga Town of Zhaoyang District，Zhaotong City，Yunnan Province. The combined application effects of different medium and trace elements were studied on the agronomic traits， total and reducing sugar accumulation and quality of tobacco leaves. The results showed that the agronomic traits under the treatment with medium and trace element fertilizer were better than those under the conventional fertilization， the occurrence of diseases was less， and the chlorophyll content was higher before the resettling stage. On the 75th day after transplanting， the total and reducing sugar accumulation under ZW2 treatment were the highest as 16.96% and 14.56% respectively; the starch content under ZW3 was the highest， which was 30.38%. After processing， the yield was the highest as 3 012.90 kg/hm2 under ZW2 treatment，the ratio of top and middle flue-cured tobacco was the highest as 84.75% under ZW3 treatment， and the output value was the best as 64 675.00 yuan under ZW1 treatment; the difference value between total sugar and reducing sugar of the lower leaves was the smallest as 13.85 percentage points under ZW1 treatment，while that of the middle leaves was the smallest as17.13 percentage points under ZW3， and that of the upper leaves was the smallest as 11.31 percentage points under ZW4. The polyphenol content of flue-cured tobacco leaves was the highest under ZW3， which was32.26 mg/g. In conclusion， the application of medium and trace element fertilizers could improve the agronomic characters of tobacco plants， reduce the occurrence of diseases， increase the accumulation of total sugar， reducing sugar and starch， improve the economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves and reduce the difference between total sugar and reducing sugar in lower and middle leaves to a certain extent. Moreover， the application of B， Mg and Zn could appropriately increase the chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves before resettling stage.

相關熱詞搜索：農(nóng)藝 烤煙 性狀 微量元素 積累