貴州省德江縣烤煙適宜品種的評(píng)價(jià)與篩選

　　摘要：【目的】評(píng)價(jià)篩選適宜在貴州德江縣適宜種植的山地烤煙品種，為促進(jìn)德江縣優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)提供參考�！痉椒ā恳再F州德江縣浙江中煙利群煎茶基地主栽品種云煙87和K326為對(duì)照，結(jié)合系統(tǒng)聚類分析法和主成分分析法對(duì)近年通過審定的10個(gè)烤煙品種（云煙110、PHV1452、KRK26、中煙100、中煙101、金海一號(hào)、貴煙4號(hào)、畢納1號(hào)、貴煙201、貴煙202、云煙87和K326）進(jìn)行農(nóng)藝性狀、抗病力、經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀和煙葉品質(zhì)比較及綜合評(píng)價(jià)�！窘Y(jié)果】貴煙202的農(nóng)藝性狀表現(xiàn)最優(yōu)，其株高較高，葉數(shù)適中，節(jié)距長，腰葉長和寬表現(xiàn)良好，頂葉開片程度最佳，其次是中煙100。畢納1號(hào)、云煙110、PHV1452和中煙101的氣候斑點(diǎn)病、赤星病、花葉病、青枯病和黑脛病發(fā)病率較低，綜合抗病性較強(qiáng)。經(jīng)濟(jì)性狀以金海一號(hào)的最優(yōu)，產(chǎn)值為39636.0 元/ha，顯著高于兩個(gè)對(duì)照（P<0.05，下同），其次是畢納1號(hào)和中煙101，產(chǎn)值分別為38046.0和37054.5元/ha，顯著高于對(duì)照K326。貴煙202、中煙101、云煙110和貴煙4號(hào)的煙堿、水溶性總糖、還原糖、總氮和總氯等成分含量、糖氮比和氮堿比等均較適宜，且香氣特性、煙氣特性、口感特性和評(píng)吸得分均較好�！窘Y(jié)論】中煙101、貴煙202和貴煙4號(hào)3個(gè)烤煙品種的田間長勢(shì)、抗病性、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、評(píng)吸品質(zhì)等綜合表現(xiàn)較好，適宜在貴州德江縣推廣種植。
　　關(guān)鍵詞： 烤煙；品種；篩選；性狀；品質(zhì)；系統(tǒng)聚類分析；主成分分析；貴州省德江縣
　　中圖分類號(hào)： S572.024 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：2095-1191（2018）02-0222-12
　　Abstract：【Objective】Appropriate tobacco varieties for Dejiang County were screened to provide references for sustainable development of flue-cured tobacco production in Dejiang. 【Method】The main varieties， Yunyan 87 and K326， in Liqun Jiancha Base of China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.， Ltd.， in Dejiang， Guizhou were used as control. Comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits，disease resistance，economic characters and quality of tobacco leaves among the ten approved tobaco varieties（Yunyan 110， PHV1452， KRK26， Zhongyan 100， Zhongyan 101， Jinhai No.1， Guiyan No.4， Bina No.1， Guiyan 201， Guiyan 202， Yunyan 87， and K326） were conducted using hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis methods. 【Result】Guiyan 202 had the optimal agronomic traits among the all tested varieties. It had high plant height， suitable leaf quantity， long node length， fine width and length of leaf in the middle and the best top leaf expand degree. The agronomic traits of Zhongyan 100 ranked the second. For Bina No.1， Yunyan 110， PHV1452 and Zhongyan 101， indcidence rates of climate spot， red star disease， mosaic， bacterial wilt， and black shank disease were low， and the comprehensive disease resistance was strong. The economic character of Jinhai No.1 was the best（output value 39636.0 yuan/ha）， which was significantly higher than the two controls（P<0.05， the same below）. The economic characters of Bina No.1 and Zhongyan 101 ranked the second and the third， whose output values were 38046.0， and 37054.5 yuan/ha respectively. Their output values were significantly higher than the control K326. For Guiyan 202， Zhongyan 101， Yunyan 110 and Guiyan No.4， the nicotine， total soluble sugar， reducing sugar， total nitrogen， total chlorine， sugar/nitrogen， nitrogen/nicotine were in suitable range， and their aroma characteristics， smoke characteristics， texture characteristics and total score of smoking quality were fine. 【Conclusion】Zhongyan 101，Guiyan 202 and Guiyan 4 present fine performance in growth condition in field， disease resistance， economic characters and smoking quality， and they are suitable for planting in Dejiang， Guizhou.

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