不同土壤類型對(duì)烤煙化學(xué)成分及其協(xié)調(diào)性的影響

　　摘要 [目的]研究不同土壤類型對(duì)烤煙主要化學(xué)成分及其協(xié)調(diào)性的影響，提升不同土壤類型上煙葉的品質(zhì)。[方法]以云煙87為材料，在四川省會(huì)理縣南閣鄉(xiāng)選取5種不同土壤類型（紅壤土、黃壤土、紫壤土、沙質(zhì)土和水稻土）進(jìn)行烤煙大田栽培，研究不同土壤類型對(duì)烤煙主要化學(xué)成分及其協(xié)調(diào)性的影響。[結(jié)果]不同土壤類型上烤后煙葉化學(xué)成分存在差異，沙質(zhì)土和紫壤土上烤后煙葉鉀含量較高，水稻土、紅壤土和黃壤土上烤后煙葉的鉀含量較低，符合優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉質(zhì)量指標(biāo)；沙質(zhì)土和紫壤土上烤后煙葉煙堿和總氮含量均較低，與優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相差不大；紅壤土和水稻土上烤后煙草煙堿和總氮含量較高，且符合優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；5種土壤類型上烤后煙葉的氯含量均符合優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；烤后煙葉的總糖和還原糖含量均較高，沙質(zhì)土上烤后煙葉的總糖含量最高，紅壤土上烤后煙葉的總糖含量最低，水稻土上烤后煙葉的還原糖含量最高，沙質(zhì)土上烤后煙葉的還原糖含量最低，較接近優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。烤后煙葉化學(xué)成分協(xié)調(diào)性較好，烤后煙葉的糖堿比、氮堿比和鉀氯比完全符合優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，水稻土上烤后煙葉的糖堿比最高，黃壤土上烤后煙葉的糖堿比最低，水稻土上烤后煙葉的氮堿比最高，紫壤土上烤后煙葉的氮堿比最低，沙質(zhì)土上烤后煙葉的鉀氯比最高，紅壤土上烤后煙葉的鉀氯比最低；兩糖差基本符合優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。[結(jié)論]該研究可為不同土壤類型上煙葉品質(zhì)的提升提供依據(jù)。
　　關(guān)鍵詞 烤煙；土壤類型；化學(xué)成分；協(xié)調(diào)性
　　中圖分類號(hào) S572.06文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2016）20-038-04
　　Abstract [Objective] To study the effects of five different soil types on contents of chemical compositions and their coordination in flue-cured tobacco leaves， to improve the quality of tobacco leaves which grew in five different soil types. [Method]With Yunyan 87 as the research material， it was cultivated in five types of red soil， yellow soil， purple soil， sandy soil and paddy soil in Nange Village of Huili County in Sichuan Province. Effects of five different soil types on contents of chemical compositions were researched， as well as their coordination in flue-cured tobacco leaves. [Result] The effects of five different soil types on the contents of chemical compositions and their coordination of flue-cured tobacco leaves were different， the flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in sandy soil or purple soil were rich in potassium but which grew in paddy soil， red soil and yellow soil were lack of potassium， which all reached the standard of high-quality tobacco. The flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in sandy soil and purple soil were short of nicotine and total N， also were close to the standard of quality tobacco. The nicotine and total N in flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in red soil and paddy soil were higher， which completely reached the standard of quality tobacco. The content of Cl in flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in all five types of soil conformed to the standard of quality tobacco， which showed that the content of Cl in flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in red soil， paddy soil and sandy soil was higher， the content of Cl in flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in yellow soil and purple soil was lower. The contents of total sugar and reducing sugar in flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in five kinds of soil types were a little higher than the standard of quality tobacco. The flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in sandy soil had the highest total sugar content， which grew in red soil had the lowest total sugar content. Tobacco leaves in paddy soil had the highest reducing sugar content， and had the lowest reducing sugar content in sandy soil， but they were all close to the standard of quality tobacco. The coordination of chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves which grew in different soil types completely reached standard of quality tobacco. Sugar-nicotine ratio， nitrogen- nicotine ratio and potassium-chloride ratio all conformed to the standard of quality tobacco. Flue-cured tobacco leaves in paddy soil had the highest sugar-nicotine ratio， while sugar-nicotine ratio was the lowest in yellow soil had. The flue-cured tobacco leaves in paddy soil had the highest nitrogen- nicotine ratio， while that in purple soil was the lowest. Flue-cured tobacco leaves in sandy soil had the highest potassium-chloride ratio， but that in red soil was the lowest. The difference between total sugar and reducing sugar basically reached the standard of quality tobacco. [Conclusion] This research provides references for the quality improvement of the tobacco leaves in different soil types.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：烤煙 土壤 化學(xué)成分 協(xié)調(diào) 類型