葉面噴施硫酸鉀鎂肥對不同部位煙葉鎂、鉀、鈣吸收的影響

　　摘要 [目的]在云南省曲靖市植煙土壤交換性鈣鎂比超過20的缺鎂煙區(qū)，通過土壤鎂肥施用和葉面噴施進(jìn)行鈣鎂比調(diào)控，了解其對烤煙鉀、鈣、鎂吸收的影響，為曲靖市缺鎂煙區(qū)烤煙的平衡施肥技術(shù)提供理論依據(jù)和生產(chǎn)指導(dǎo)。[方法]通過田間小區(qū)試驗(yàn)，采用完全隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計，以不施鎂肥作為對照，分別設(shè)3個葉面噴施硫酸鉀鎂肥處理和2個根層施鎂+葉面噴施處理。采集根、莖、上部葉、中部葉和下部葉5個部位進(jìn)行烘干稱重，并且粉碎制樣，測定鉀、鈣、鎂含量；每個小區(qū)從初烤煙葉中選取上部（B2F）、中部（C3F）、下部（X2F）樣品，分析煙葉全鉀、鈣、鎂含量。[結(jié)果]從不同部位來看，葉面噴施及土壤施用和葉面噴施配合調(diào)控鈣鎂比提高了中、下部煙葉對鎂、鉀的吸收以及下部煙葉對鈣的吸收，但降低了上部煙葉對鎂、鉀、鈣的吸收以及中部煙葉對鈣的吸收。煙葉不同部位鎂、鉀、鈣的累積分配量比較表現(xiàn)為中部葉>下部葉>上部葉；從不同部位來看，中、上部煙葉鈣鎂比、鉀鎂比降低，下部煙葉鈣鎂比增加，而下部煙葉鉀鎂比處理之間沒有差異。[結(jié)論]葉面噴施及土壤施用和葉面噴施配合調(diào)控對煙葉鈣鎂比、鉀鎂比的影響，主要是通過影響鎂的吸收。
　　關(guān)鍵詞 烤煙；硫酸鉀鎂肥；鎂；鉀；鈣；吸收
　　中圖分類號 S143.7 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611（2014）17-05427-03
　　Abstract [Objective] Soil exchangeable Ca/Mg in tobacco area of magnesium deficiency in Qujing， Yunnan was more than 20. For understanding their effects on tobacco potassium， calcium and magnesium， soil application of magnesium fertilizer and foliar spraying were used. The final goal was to provide theoretical basis and guidance for balanced fertilization technology of Qujing fluecured tobacco production in magnesium deficiency area. [Method] Using field plot test with completely randomized block design， no application of Mg fertilizer as control， 3 treatments of foliar fertilizer of potassium and magnesium sulfate and 2 root layer application of Mg2+ foliar treatment were arranged. Root， stem， the upper leaves， middle leaves and lower leaves were collected， oven dried， crushed and sampled. And potassium， calcium， magnesium contents were determined. Each cell from baking selection in upper leaves （B2F）， middle （C3F）and lower （X2F） samples was chosen， and total potassium， calcium， magnesium content of tobacco were analyzed.[Result] Potash magnesium sulphate foliar application and soil application with foliar application increased absorption of magnesium， potassium in middle and bottom leaves. And it increased the absorption of calcium in bottom leaves. But potash magnesium sulphate foliar application and soil application with foliar application reduced absorption of magnesium， potassium and calcium in upper leaves. And it reduced the absorption of calcium in middle leaves. The accumulation amount of magnesium， potassium and calcium in different fluecured tobacco leaves position was middle leaves >bottom leaves > upper leaves. From different fluecured tobacco leaf position， Ca/Mg and K/Mg in middle and upper leaves decreased， Ca/Mg in bottom leaves increased. There was no difference between K/Mg treatments in bottom leaves. [Conclusion]Regulation K/Mg and Ca/Mg by potash magnesium sulphate foliar application and soil application with foliar application was mainly affected by the absorption of magnesium.

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