采收方式對烤煙上部煙葉色素和多酚化合物的影響
發(fā)布時間:2019-08-25 來源: 人生感悟 點擊:
摘要 [目的]研究不同采收方式對烤煙上部煙葉色素和多酚化合物的影響。[方法]3種采收方式分別為上部6片葉一次性摘采、上部6片葉一次性砍采、上部6片葉每次采收2片。研究其對上部煙葉葉黃素、β胡蘿卜素、其他類胡蘿卜素、多酚化合物含量的影響。[結果]上部6片葉一次性砍烤處理的煙葉葉黃素、β-胡蘿卜素、其他類胡蘿卜素在烘烤過程中降解慢,烤后煙葉色素類化合物含量高于其他2個處理。上部6片葉一次性砍烤處理在烘烤過程中能夠顯著提高多酚類化合物含量,有利于提高煙葉的外觀質量和內在品質。[結論]建議推行上部6片葉一次性砍烤技術,促進優(yōu)質煙葉的生產。
關鍵詞 采收方式;色素;多酚;烤煙
中圖分類號 S572 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 0517-6611(2017)06-0020-02
Effects of Harvesting Methods on the Pigments and Polyphenol Compounds in Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco
WANG Xiao-bing,MIAO Run-long,LIU Ying-hua et al (Pengshui Branch of Chongqing Tobacco Company,Chongging 409600)
Abstract [Objective] To research the effects of harvesting methods on the pigments and polyphenol compounds in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco.[Method] There were three harvesting treatments,which were one-time picking of the six upper leaves,one-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves,harvesting two leaves each time.The effects of three harvesting methods on the lutein,β-carotene,other carotenoids,and polyphenol compounds were researched.[Result] Contents of lutein,β-carotene,other carotenoids slowly degraded during curing in treatment of one-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves.The pigments contents after curing were higher than those in other two treatments.One-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves could significantly enhance the content of polyphenol compounds,which was helpful to increase the appearance quality and inner quality of tobacco leaves.[Conclusion] It is suggested to promote the treatment of one-time cutting and curing of the six upper leaves,so as to promote the production of tobacco leaves.
Key words Harvesting method;Pigment;Polyphenols;Flue-cured tobacco
煙葉的外觀質量和內在品質與烤后煙葉中質體色素含量有著緊密的聯(lián)系,色素及其降解產物是烤后煙葉產生致香物質的重要來源之一。煙草品種、調制方法、生育發(fā)育過程中相關代謝物積累是決定煙葉中色素含量的重要因素[1]。國內外許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在所測定的中性揮發(fā)性香氣物質中,煙葉質體色素降解產物占到其總量的85%~96%[2]。多酚類化合物主要影響煙葉的外觀質量和感官質量,對煙葉的顏色有著最直接的作用;同時,在煙草的生長發(fā)育、調制特性、煙葉色澤、煙氣香氣味和煙氣生理強度等方面起重要作用,含量約占煙葉干重的0.40%~6.04%[3]。該試驗通過設計上部6片葉一次性摘采、上部6片葉一次性砍采、上部6片葉每次采收2片3種不同的采收方式處理,研究其對上部煙葉色素和多酚類物質含量的影響,從而為優(yōu)質煙葉生產,提高煙葉香氣質量和綜合品質提供理論依據(jù)[4]。
1 材料與方法
1.1 試驗地概況
試驗于彭水縣小廠科技試驗園進行。試驗地前作為玉米,輪作良好,土質紅壤灌,排方便,肥力水平中等。
1.2 試驗材料 供試品種為云煙87。
1.3 試驗方法 試驗共設3個處理,分別為處理①:上部煙葉6片葉一次性摘采;處理②:上部煙葉6片葉一次性砍采;處理③:上部煙葉6片葉每次采收2片。小區(qū)面積100 m2,隨機排列,3次重復。供試煙株于5月10日進行移栽,田間生產管理按照優(yōu)質煙葉生產規(guī)范進行。
采取顏色、葉片大小相對一致、素質基本相同的煙葉,隨機取樣,用高效液相色譜法(HPLC)法[5]測定烤后煙葉色素和多酚化合物含量。
2 結果與分析
2.1 采收方式對上部煙葉色素類化合物含量的影響
2.1.1 采收方式對上部煙葉葉黃素含量的影響。
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