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　　葉利欽在世界舞臺上跳著具有俄羅斯民族特色的政治芭蕾,在留給后人的政治劇照中,龐大的身軀,笨拙的體態(tài),以及風(fēng)吹即倒,屢屢感冒肺炎的身體,不時(shí)口出狂言的硬氣,濃縮了俄國政治家乃至俄國的國際形象。 <br/>　　 <br/>　　葉利欽:一個(gè)俄國政治的符號 <br/>　　 <br/>　　葉利欽本身就是俄羅斯政治,乃至俄羅斯國家的一個(gè)典型符號。龐大卻已年邁,步履蹣跚依然充滿斗性,透過葉利欽,我們能夠注視歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)中的俄羅斯。 <br/>　　葉利欽講話最喜歡的開頭就是:"我,俄羅斯總統(tǒng)……"這種以自己為中心的斗士風(fēng)格,當(dāng)他還是一個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候,就顯示出來了。年少的葉利欽喜歡在眾多小伙伴面前顯炫耀他的大膽,有一次當(dāng)著他們的面公然砸開從彈藥庫里偷出來的地雷,當(dāng)然代價(jià)是兩個(gè)左手的手指;在步入前蘇聯(lián)政壇高層之后,葉利欽斗士的特點(diǎn)日益突出。當(dāng)他還是莫斯科市委書記,"對什么都不感興趣"時(shí),唯一的例外是"跟戈?duì)柊蛦谭蚨窢?---這是葉利欽當(dāng)年的公開坦白。只是,在其當(dāng)權(quán)之后,戈?duì)柊蛦谭蝾惖亩窢帉ο筮€是層出不窮,老葉也就不斷地"與人斗,其樂無窮"。 <br/>　　在國際舞臺上,葉利欽更像一個(gè)"超級頑童"。強(qiáng)硬的他曾讓克林頓流下委屈的淚水,讓當(dāng)時(shí)的愛爾蘭總理雷諾德在蕭瑟的機(jī)場干等(這讓人想起權(quán)勢沖天時(shí)的赫魯曉夫,在一艘游艇上當(dāng)著眾多客人的面說,讓外交部長現(xiàn)在馬上脫下褲子坐在冰塊上,外交部長都會乖乖照辦)。葉利欽相承了俄羅斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的某些共性風(fēng)格。世人應(yīng)該慶幸,與龐大的葉利欽相伴的是已經(jīng)不再強(qiáng)大的俄羅斯。 <br/>　　就如當(dāng)年尼克松評價(jià)赫魯曉夫是一個(gè)"聰明而狡黠"的人那樣,葉利欽的政治智慧更多體現(xiàn)在國內(nèi)政治斗爭中。其不按規(guī)則出牌的政治策略,相應(yīng)他的豪放粗獷性格、激進(jìn)的改革舉措以及強(qiáng)硬的政治立場,屢屢讓國內(nèi)的政治對手們最終臣服,直至他的最后辭職,都是不按規(guī)則出牌的樣本。葉利欽讓全世界的媒體在世紀(jì)末為其奔忙,被世界輿論定性為最大的"千年蟲"。 <br/>　　對權(quán)力的迷戀貫穿著葉利欽整個(gè)時(shí)代,在其當(dāng)政的10年之中,唯一失去權(quán)力是他在1996年11月動(dòng)手術(shù)的幾個(gè)小時(shí)時(shí)間中,當(dāng)葉利欽手術(shù)后醒來時(shí),斷斷續(xù)續(xù)發(fā)出的第一個(gè)字就是"命令",收回總統(tǒng)的全部權(quán)力。葉利欽留下了一個(gè)飽受創(chuàng)傷的俄羅斯。破敗的經(jīng)濟(jì)圖景,羸弱的國力,使得留在俄羅斯上空的光榮和強(qiáng)大成了昨日的回憶。 <br/>　　葉利欽再也不能用他奇特大膽的政治想象使俄羅斯社會和百姓激動(dòng)、怨恨、大喜或是大悲了。只有在最后任內(nèi)發(fā)起的車臣戰(zhàn)爭中,才能恢復(fù)俄羅斯往日的些許容光。對俄羅斯而言,信心和信任的恢復(fù)顯然還需待以時(shí)日。 <br/>　　雖然葉利欽的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革不如人意,但是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)已在俄羅斯深深扎根,向市場經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變的大方向也已牢牢確立。 "讓人們不再想回到過去",是葉利欽最大的政治成就。一套新的政治體制框架已經(jīng)確立。不管曾經(jīng)有過多少反對,但它現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)融入俄羅斯的政治文化中,并為各主要黨派所接受,在一段時(shí)期中,還將繼續(xù)影響俄的政治進(jìn)程。留在這位斗士政治家背后的不再是自由的爭論,而是具體技術(shù)上的道路選擇,"請善待俄羅斯",葉利欽在留給普京的政治囑咐中,不難看出其中包含大局已定的自信。 <br/>　　在諾基亞的一則廣告中,為了突出游戲是人類的共性特征,穿插著葉利欽同他女兒帶來幫助競選的搖滾樂隊(duì)一起起舞的經(jīng)典鏡頭。在這次典型的政治表演中,為了招來選票,葉利欽帶著孱弱的身軀而舞。這讓人想起其在同戈?duì)柊蛦谭虻臍v史爭斗中,葉利欽一直高揚(yáng)的"反特權(quán)":不帶警衛(wèi)微服私訪,積極地同莫斯科市民交談生活問題,拒絕使用政府別墅、特供物品、專門醫(yī)療等等,但是等到葉利欽上臺以后,平民領(lǐng)袖也就一夜之間變成了大權(quán)獨(dú)攬的樣板。 <br/>　　另外一個(gè)"善變"的政治劇照是:"8?19"政變中,葉利欽勇敢地站在議會大廈前面的坦克上演講,以保衛(wèi)民主的成果。但是等到他上臺以后,由于同議會的矛盾,葉利欽悍然調(diào)動(dòng)部隊(duì)炮轟議會! <br/>　　戈?duì)柊蛦谭蛳屡_以后,葉利欽依然不依不饒,在給戈?duì)柊蛦谭蚺鋫涞木l(wèi)人數(shù)上,葉利欽一筆從原來的100多人砍到20多人,被外界視為睚眥必報(bào)的一個(gè)例子。不知是否擔(dān)心政治對手的悲劇在自己身上重演,葉利欽選擇了急流勇退,并且為自己鋪好了政治后路。 </p><p style="margin-bottom:10px"><strong>相關(guān)熱詞搜索：</strong><a href="http://www.zuancaijixie.com/tag/%D2%B6%C0%FB%C7%D5.html" target="_blank">葉利欽</a> <a href="http://www.zuancaijixie.com/tag/%B1%F0%C1%CB.html" target="_blank">別了</a> <a href="http://www.zuancaijixie.com/tag/%B1%F0%C1%CB%A3%AC%D2%B6%C0%FB%C7%D5.html" target="_blank">別了，葉利欽</a> <a href="http://www.zuancaijixie.com/tag/%D2%B6%C0%FB%C7%D5%C4%B9.html" target="_blank">葉利欽墓</a> <a 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