下牙槽神經(jīng)管走向的CBCT研究

　　[摘要] 目的 應(yīng)用錐形束CT（CBCT）研究下牙槽神經(jīng)管的走行位置。 方法 選取50個(gè)江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市第三人民醫(yī)院口腔科2014年1月～2015年1月的口腔健康受測(cè)者，常規(guī)拍攝CBCT，測(cè)量下頜第三磨牙段、第二磨牙段、第一磨牙段、第二雙尖牙段和第一雙尖牙段下牙槽神經(jīng)管與下頜骨頰、舌側(cè)骨板，牙槽嵴頂?shù)木嚯x以及下頜骨下緣的距離。 結(jié)果 下牙槽神經(jīng)管上緣到牙槽嵴頂?shù)拇怪本嚯x分別為：下頜第三磨牙段（18.14±1.13）mm，第二磨牙段（15.63±1.42）mm，第一磨牙段（17.55±1.70）mm，第二雙尖牙段（18.16±1.57）mm，第一雙尖牙段（17.13±1.36）mm。下牙槽神經(jīng)管頰側(cè)骨壁與同一水平的下頜骨頰側(cè)骨板的平均距離分別為：下頜第三磨牙段（7.40±1.43）mm，第二磨牙段（7.78±1.49）mm，第一磨牙段（5.92±1.57）mm，第二雙尖牙段（5.08±1.23）mm，第一雙尖牙段（4.23±1.45）mm。下牙槽神經(jīng)管舌側(cè)壁與同一水平的下頜骨舌側(cè)骨板的平均距離：下頜第三磨牙段（2.74±1.21） mm，第二磨牙段（4.40±1.31）mm，第一磨牙段（4.84±1.16）mm，第二雙尖牙段（5.81±1.28）mm，第一雙尖牙段（4.86±1.11）mm。下牙槽神經(jīng)管向前移行時(shí)先下行一段距離，再向上前行，在第二磨牙段離牙槽嵴頂最近，第二雙尖牙段最遠(yuǎn)（P < 0.01），各分段頰、舌側(cè)骨板厚度差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.01），下牙槽神經(jīng)管在下頜第三磨牙段舌側(cè)骨板最薄，然后向前逐漸變厚，第二雙尖牙段的舌側(cè)骨板最厚，下牙槽神經(jīng)管距離下頜骨下緣近，距離牙槽嵴頂遠(yuǎn)（P < 0.01）。 結(jié)論 下牙槽神經(jīng)管從下頜孔出發(fā)，先向前、向下前行，到第二磨牙處轉(zhuǎn)向上、向頰側(cè)移行，經(jīng)頦孔出下頜骨。
　　[關(guān)鍵詞] 錐形束CT；下牙槽神經(jīng)管；牙槽嵴頂
　　[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R782.1 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210（2018）02（c）-0118-06
　　Study of the walking line of mandibular canal by CBCT
　　ZHONG Fei
　　Department of Stomatology， the Third People" Hospital of Zhenjiang City， Jiangsu province， Zhenjiang 212003， China
　　[Abstract] Objective To study the location in the mandible of mandibular canal by cone-beam computed tomography （CBCT）. Methods Fifty healthy volunteers examined in the Stomatology Department of the Third People" Hospital of Zhenjiang City in Jiangsu Province from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected. The following data were collected： the distance from the inner contour of the canal to alveolar crest， the distance from the inner contour of the canal to the buccal and lingual surface of mandible， the distance from the superior border of the mandibular canal to alveolar crest and the distance from the inferior border of the mandibular canal to the inferior border of mandible. Results The mean distance from the inner contour of the canal to alveolar crest in the third molar section， the second molar section， the first molar section， the second premolar section， the first premolar section was （18.14±1.13） mm， （15.63±1.42） mm， （17.55±1.70） mm， （18.16±1.57） mm and （17.13±1.36） mm respectively. The distance from the inner contour of the canal to the buccal surface of mandible in the third molar section， the second molar section， the first molar section，the second premolar section and the first premolar section was （7.40±1.43） mm， （7.78±1.49） mm， （5.92±1.57） mm， （4.08±1.23） mm and （4.23±1.45） mm respectively. The distance from the inner contour of the canal to the lingual surface of mandible in the third molar section， the second molar section， the first molar section， the second premolar section and the first premolar section was （2.74±1.21） mm， （4.40±1.31） mm， （4.84±1.16） mm， （5.81±1.28） mm and （4.86±1.11） mm. The mandibular canal walking in the mandible went downward for a distance at first， and then went up. The distance from the inner contour of the canal to alveolar crest was shortest in the second molar section and was farthest in the second premolar section （P < 0.01）. There were statistical significances in every section between the buccal bone width and the lingual width. The lingual bone width was thinnest in the third molar section， and was thickest in the second premolar section （P < 0.01）. The mandibular canal was more close to the edge of mandible than alveolar crest （P < 0.01）. Conclusion The mandibular canal starts from the mandible foramen， walks forward and downward first， then turns to move upward and moves toward the buccal side in the second molar section. Finally it moves up to the mental foramen and walks out of the mandible.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：神經(jīng)管 走向 研究 下牙槽 CBCT