移栽期、施肥和品種對烤煙清香型風(fēng)格的影響

　　摘 要：為明確移栽期、施肥和品種對烤煙清香型風(fēng)格的影響，優(yōu)化烤煙栽培技術(shù)，為彰顯煙葉特色提供理論基礎(chǔ)，在云南3個點開展移栽期、施肥和品種3因素正交試驗。結(jié)果顯示，移栽期對烤煙清香型風(fēng)格的影響最大，其次是施肥和品種。直觀分析顯示，移栽期、施肥和品種對烤煙清香型風(fēng)格的貢獻(xiàn)率分別為44.4%、25.7%和29.9%。適當(dāng)提前移栽可凸顯清香型煙葉風(fēng)格，過早移栽或延遲移栽不利于清香型煙葉風(fēng)格的表達(dá)；由于烤煙清香型凸顯程度與降雨量、日均溫和日溫差呈顯著相關(guān)，可以利用打頂后的降雨和日均溫判斷移栽期對烤煙香型風(fēng)格的影響。在品種與氣候的雙重影響下，增施氮不利于清香型風(fēng)格的表達(dá)，在本試驗條件下施氮量不宜超過105 kg/hm2；不同品種在不同地點風(fēng)格凸顯程度存在差異，峨山表現(xiàn)為K326>云煙87>NC71，寧洱為云煙87>K326>紅花大金元，華寧為K326>云煙87>紅花大金元。因此，不同區(qū)域通過選擇烤煙品種、適當(dāng)提前移栽、中低水平氮肥施用有利清香型特色煙葉形成。
　　關(guān)鍵詞：移栽期；施肥；品種；清香型
　　中圖分類號：S572.062 文章編號：1007-5119（2017）02-0001-07 DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2017.02.001
　　The Cooperative Regulation of Transplanting Date， Fertilization and Varieties on Fen Flavor of Flue-cured Tobacco
　　LIU Qingli1， ZHANG Yungui1， XU Yanli1， LI Junying2， LI Zhihong1*
　�。�1. Institute of Agricultural Resource and Agricultural Planning， CAAS， Beijing 100081， China； 2. Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences， Yuxi， Yunnan 653100， China）
　　Abstract： To provide theoretical basis for the characteristics of tobacco flavor， this study aims to investigate the effects of transplanting date， fertilization and variety on refreshing fragrance of flue-cured tobacco and to optimize cooperatively cultivation technology. We carried on a three-factor-orthogonal test including transplanting stage， nitrogen and varieties. The results suggested that the influence of transplanting date on refreshing fragrance was the largest， followed by variety and fertilization. The contribution rate of transplanting， fertilizer and varieties on refreshing fragrance of flue-cured tobacco were 44.4%， 25.7% and 29.9%， respectively according to the range analysis of orthogonal test. Changing date of transplanting makes the relationship between meteorological factors and flue-cured tobacco growth change. The style of refreshing fragrance was better manifested when transplanting-date was earlier. Conversely， the refreshing fragrance was delimited by delaying transplantation. There was a significant correlation between Fen flavor of flue-cured tobacco and precipitation and daily average temperature and daily temperature difference. We can use rainfall and daily average temperature after topping to judge the effects of transplanting date on tobacco flavor style. In the dual effects of varieties and climate， excessive application of nitrogen is not conducive to the expression of Fen flavor. Nitrogen amount should not exceed 105 kg/ha in this experimental condition. There were differences in the expression of the style of different varieties in different locations， for example， K326>Yunyan87>NC71 in E’shan， Yunyan87>K326>Honghuadajinyuan in Ning’er， K326>Yunyan87>Honghuadajinyuan in Huaning. In conclusion， growers in different regions can choose tobacco varieties， do early transplanting appropriately， and lower fertilization to improve the flavor characteristics.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：移栽 烤煙 香型 施肥 品種