基于3S技術(shù)的羌活區(qū)劃研究Ⅱ.基于協(xié)同克里金插值的羌活品質(zhì)適宜性分析及評(píng)價(jià)
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-08-26 來源: 日記大全 點(diǎn)擊:
[摘要]藥用植物經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值關(guān)注藥效物質(zhì)為基礎(chǔ)的質(zhì)量特征。很多藥材的道地產(chǎn)區(qū)與其生長(zhǎng)適宜區(qū)并不重合,這使得基于生態(tài)適宜性的傳統(tǒng)區(qū)劃方法在中藥材生產(chǎn)實(shí)際應(yīng)用中有很大局限。為解決藥材的高品質(zhì)區(qū)域與高產(chǎn)量區(qū)域空間分離的問題,該研究以羌活藥材為例提出綜合藥材品質(zhì)參數(shù)的中藥材區(qū)劃方法。該文在基于協(xié)同克里金,結(jié)合藥材品質(zhì)空間差異,進(jìn)行空間插值并進(jìn)行空間疊加,得到羌活藥材品質(zhì)適應(yīng)性區(qū)劃圖,再對(duì)藥材品質(zhì)與生長(zhǎng)適宜性區(qū)劃圖進(jìn)行空間疊加,構(gòu)建優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)藥材區(qū)劃圖。結(jié)果顯示,協(xié)同克里金插值構(gòu)建基于藥材品質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)的空間插值是可行的,理論值與實(shí)測(cè)值極顯著相關(guān),為建立基于品質(zhì)適宜性的藥材生產(chǎn)區(qū)劃方法提供了理論基礎(chǔ);羌活藥材品質(zhì)區(qū)劃顯示品質(zhì)最適區(qū)主要分布在四川省(約占2942%),但品質(zhì)適宜性與生態(tài)適宜性在空間分布上不完全吻合,顯示羌活藥材的品質(zhì)適宜性與生態(tài)適宜性存在空間分布差異。研究結(jié)果有助于為生態(tài)適宜性和品質(zhì)適宜性空間不重合藥用植物的優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)人工栽培的生產(chǎn)和區(qū)劃提供定量依據(jù)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]羌活; 藥材品質(zhì); 協(xié)同克里金插值; 品質(zhì)適宜性
[Abstract]Quality characteristics based on active substance are focused for in the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) plants due to their economic values However, ecological and quality suitability are not always a coincidence, which makes traditional cultural regionalization for TCM cultivation based on ecological suitability have great limitations in practical applications A regionalization method integrated GIS and medicinal plants quality have been analyzed by using field quality data of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix as a case study Spatial interpolation based on medicine quality by Cokriging method is reasonable, and the predicted values of interpolation are correlated with measured values significantly, which shows that cultural regionalization for TCM cultivation based on spatial quality suitability is possible theoretically The results indicate that the most suitable areas for quality suitability were mainly distributed in Sichuan province (2942%), while the spatial distribution of quality suitability and ecological suitability was not coincidence The cultivation regionalization of TCM plants based on quality suitability is helpful to high quality and quantity cultivation of those TCM plants which spatial distribution of geoherbalism and ecological suitability is separated
[Key words]Notopterygium incisum; quality; collocated Cokriging; quality suitability
農(nóng)作物主要關(guān)注以糖、脂肪酸、蛋白質(zhì)等初生代謝產(chǎn)物為特征的經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo),而藥用植物特別是中藥材更加注重以藥效物質(zhì)為基礎(chǔ)的次生代謝產(chǎn)物,而有生物活性的次生代謝物質(zhì)也是評(píng)價(jià)藥材品質(zhì)的主要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。次生代謝化合物在植物特定部位的累積,是植物長(zhǎng)期在逆境條件中適應(yīng)及進(jìn)化的結(jié)果[12],使植物表現(xiàn)為特定次生代謝產(chǎn)物含量在一定的環(huán)境脅迫條件下隨著脅迫強(qiáng)度增加而升高[34]。在中藥材中表現(xiàn)為藥材的藥效組分含量在逆境條件閾值范圍內(nèi)的正反饋效應(yīng)[58]。就目前報(bào)道來看,一些植物的生長(zhǎng)適宜性與高品質(zhì)中心是重合的,同時(shí)也存在一些藥材需要在一定逆境下才能獲得較高的品質(zhì)[57],即道地產(chǎn)區(qū)與適宜分布區(qū)并非部分或者完全重合,甚至完全分離(道地產(chǎn)區(qū)位于分布區(qū)的邊緣)[8]。
對(duì)于高品質(zhì)中心與分布密集中心重合的藥材品種,生產(chǎn)區(qū)劃可以采用基于生態(tài)適宜性的傳統(tǒng)區(qū)劃方法實(shí)現(xiàn);對(duì)于道地中心與生長(zhǎng)適宜中心分離的藥材,定量區(qū)劃還需要考慮藥材質(zhì)量的環(huán)境要素適宜度問題。在中藥材常規(guī)區(qū)劃中,通常是篩選植物生態(tài)適宜性指標(biāo)結(jié)合GIS進(jìn)行藥材的生態(tài)適宜度進(jìn)行區(qū)劃分析。這種方法可較好地解決產(chǎn)量問題,但實(shí)際上是屬于藥用植物的生長(zhǎng)適宜性區(qū)劃范疇[9]。在人工栽培下藥材品質(zhì)更加重要,因此提出了藥材的品質(zhì)適宜性以及基于此的藥材品質(zhì)適宜性區(qū)劃。所謂藥材品質(zhì)適宜性(quality suitability),是指形成藥材優(yōu)良品質(zhì)的各種環(huán)境條件的適合度;品質(zhì)適宜性區(qū)劃,就是在基于藥材品質(zhì)形成的環(huán)境要素的綜合評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合GIS等信息平臺(tái)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行中藥材生產(chǎn)區(qū)劃的方法,是基于藥材品質(zhì)適宜性生產(chǎn)不同質(zhì)量藥材的區(qū)劃[9]。該方法是優(yōu)先解決藥材的品質(zhì)的前提下,兼顧生長(zhǎng)適宜性進(jìn)行的綜合生產(chǎn)區(qū)劃的重要組成部分,以更加適宜中藥材優(yōu)質(zhì)高效藥材的人工種植和產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)模化發(fā)展。
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