保山市冬春季早植烤煙煙葉化學成分特點分析

　　摘要 [目的]探明保山市冬春季早植烤煙煙葉質量特征，合理科學使用冬春季早植煙葉。[方法]對龍陵縣和騰沖縣生產的冬春季早植烤煙煙葉化學成分進行了分析。[結果]保山市冬春季早植烤煙全鉀含量、煙堿含量、淀粉含量均符合優(yōu)質烤煙要求；總糖含量、還原糖含量、兩糖差含量略偏高。海拔對全銅、全鋅、全硼、全鈣、全鎂、全硫含量影響不顯著（P>0.05），對全鐵和全錳含量影響較大。龍陵縣與騰沖縣煙葉主要化學成分、多酚、色素無顯著性差異（P>0.05）。[結論]保山市冬春季早植烤煙化學成分總體協(xié)調，龍陵縣和騰沖縣煙葉化學成分相近，對打造保山市特色優(yōu)質煙葉具有積極意義。
　　關鍵詞 冬春季早植烤煙；煙葉；化學成分；保山市
　　中圖分類號 TS41+1 文獻標識碼
　　A 文章編號 0517-6611（2018）27-0179-04
　　Analysis of Chemical Constituents Characteristics of Early Planting Fluecured Tobacco Leaves in Winter and Spring in Baoshan City
　　CHEN Yu1，2，CHEN Fanglin1，MOU Jing1 et al
　　（1.Production Department，Meitan County Branch of Zunyi City Company，Guizhou Province Tobacco Company，Zunyi， Guizhou 564100；2.College of Tobacco Science， Yunnan Agricultural University， Kunming，Yunnan 650201）
　　Abstract [Objective]In order to explore the quality characteristics of early planting fluecured tobacco leaves in winter and spring in Baoshan City， and to rationally and scientifically use the early planting tobacco leaves in winter and spring.[Method]The main chemical components of early planting fluecured tobacco leaves produced in Longling County and Tengchong County were analyzed. [Result]The total potassium content， nicotine content and starch content of early planting fluecured tobacco in winter and spring in Baoshan City accorded with the requirements of high quality fluecured tobacco， and the total sugar content， reducing sugar content and two sugar difference content were slightly higher.Altitude had no significant effect on total copper， total zinc， total boron， total calcium， total magnesium and total sulphur content （P>0.05），it had great influence on the content of total iron and full manganese.There was no significant difference in the chemical composition， polyphenols and pigments in the tobacco leaves of Longling County and Tengchong County （P>0.05）. [Conclusion]The chemical components of the early planting fluecured tobacco in Baoshan City in winter and spring are generally coordinated. The chemical composition of the tobacco leaves in both Longling County and Tengchong County are similar. It is of positive significance to build the characteristic high quality tobacco in Baoshan City.
　　Key words Early planting of fluecured tobacco in winter and spring；Tobacco leaves；Chemical constituents；Baoshan City
　　作者簡介 陳雨（1989—），男，四川資中人，碩士，從事煙草生理生化研究。*通訊作者，教授，博士，碩士生導師，從事煙草生理生化及農業(yè)信息技術研究。
　　收稿日期 2018-06-04； 修回日期 2018-06-06
　　云南煙區(qū)的立體氣候差異大，形成了各主產區(qū)煙葉的質量特點和風格特色[1-2]。保山位于云南西部邊陲，地處低緯高原，屬北回歸線附近、“三江并流”大區(qū)域和橫斷山脈生物多樣性區(qū)域，土地資源豐富，立體氣候明顯，是優(yōu)質煙葉生產的最適宜區(qū)之一，屬于我國煙葉生產優(yōu)勢區(qū)[3]。保山市具有典型的低緯高原季風氣候特征，自然氣候資源豐富，熱量資源豐富[4]。煙葉質量是煙葉內多種化學成分綜合作用的結果[5]。應用化學指標對煙葉質量進行科學評價，對卷煙工業(yè)合理利用煙葉具有十分重要的意義[6]。目前，對煙葉化學成分已有諸多研究[7-11]，但對保山煙區(qū)早植煙研究相對較少。筆者針對保山市早植煙常規(guī)化學成分、多酚和色素進行分析，以期了解保山市早植煙葉化學成分特點，為保山烤煙生產提供理論參考。

相關熱詞搜索：保山市 烤煙 煙葉 化學成分 冬春