美國(guó)“綜合學(xué)校體力活動(dòng)計(jì)劃”解讀及啟示

　　摘 要：美國(guó)“綜合學(xué)校體力活動(dòng)計(jì)劃”（CSPAP）基于青少年兒童的體力活動(dòng)遠(yuǎn)低于推薦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，超重肥胖成為公共健康問(wèn)題的背景下提出，是在青少年體力活動(dòng)促進(jìn)領(lǐng)域具有較大潛力的一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。CSPAP的主要目標(biāo)是通過(guò)高質(zhì)量的體育課、上學(xué)前中后體力活動(dòng)、教職員工和家庭社區(qū)的參與，創(chuàng)設(shè)學(xué)校體力活動(dòng)的文化氛圍和機(jī)會(huì)，激發(fā)和促進(jìn)青少年兒童追求終身體力活動(dòng)的生活方式；CSPAP的特征在于內(nèi)容架構(gòu)基于大量的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)與實(shí)證研究；實(shí)施高質(zhì)量的身體教育，提供體力活動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)；對(duì)體育教師進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)、專(zhuān)業(yè)的培訓(xùn)；實(shí)施計(jì)劃中強(qiáng)調(diào)合作，具有完善的評(píng)估和監(jiān)督體系。CSPAP對(duì)我國(guó)開(kāi)展陽(yáng)光體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的啟示：加強(qiáng)科學(xué)研究，從社會(huì)生態(tài)學(xué)視角制定與之配套的體力活動(dòng)計(jì)劃；重視體育教育的基礎(chǔ)和中心作用，加大對(duì)體育教師的培訓(xùn)力度；創(chuàng)設(shè)體力活動(dòng)的文化與環(huán)境，提供體力活動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)；制定相關(guān)的支持政策，建立評(píng)價(jià)和監(jiān)督機(jī)制。
　　關(guān) 鍵 詞：學(xué)校體育；綜合學(xué)校體力活動(dòng)計(jì)劃；陽(yáng)光體育運(yùn)動(dòng)；美國(guó)
　　中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：G807 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1006-7116（2018）02-0098-07
　　An interpretation of and inspirations from the Comprehensive
　　School Physical Activity Program of the United States
　　CHEN Hua-wei1，DOU Li2，JIANG Ye1
　　（1.Department of Physical Education，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Nanjing 210016，China；
　　2.Department of Physical Education，Nanjing Forestry University，Nanjing 210016，China）
　　Abstract： The Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program （CSPAP） of the United States was put forward under t such a background as that the physical activities of teenagers and children were far lower than recommended standards and obesity had become a public health problem； it is a program with great potentials in the teenager physical activity promotion area. The CSPAP’s main objectives are to create school physical activity cultural atmospheres and opportunities， and to inspire and promote teenagers and children to pursue such a lifestyle as lifetime physical activity， by means of high quality physical education classes， physical activities before， during and after school， and the participation of staff members， families and communities； The CSPAP’s characteristics are as follows： its content framework is based on a lot of investigation data and empirical study； it implements high quality physical education， and provides opportunities for physical activities； it carries out systematic and specialized training on physical education teachers； it emphasizes cooperation in implementation plans， having a complete evaluation and supervision system. The CSPAP’s inspirations to developing Sunshine Sports in China are as follows： strengthen scientific research， establish a physical activity program that matches up with it from the perspective of social ecology； value the bases and central roles of physical education， reinforce physical education teacher training； create physical activity culture and environments， provide opportunities for physical activities； establish related supporting policies， build evaluation and supervision mechanisms.

相關(guān)熱詞搜索：美國(guó) 體力 啟示 解讀 計(jì)劃