美國(guó)幽默文學(xué)

美國(guó)幽默文學(xué)篇一：美國(guó)文學(xué)作品

1、Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富蘭克林1706-1790 A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard’s Almanack窮查理歷書；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自傳

2、Thomas Paine托馬斯·潘恩1737-1809 The Case of the Officers of

Excise稅務(wù)員問(wèn)題；Common Sense常識(shí)；American Crisis美國(guó)危機(jī)；Rights of Man人的權(quán)利：Downfall

of Despotism專制體制的崩潰；The Age of Reason理性時(shí)代

3、Philip Freneau菲利普·弗倫諾1752-1832 The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The

British Prison Ship英國(guó)囚船；To the Memory of the Brave

Americans紀(jì)念美國(guó)勇士-----同類詩(shī)中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金銀花；The Indian Burying

Ground印第安人殯葬地

4、Washington Irving華盛頓·歐文1783-1859 A History of New

York紐約的歷史-----美國(guó)人寫的第一部詼諧文學(xué)杰作；The Sketch Book見聞札記The Legend of Sleepy

Hollow睡谷的傳說(shuō)-----使之成為美國(guó)第一個(gè)獲得國(guó)際聲譽(yù)的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田莊；Talks of

Travellers旅客談；The Alhambra阿爾罕伯拉

5、James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯·費(fèi)尼莫爾·庫(kù)珀1789-1851 The Spy間諜;The Pilot領(lǐng)航者;The

Littlepage Manuscrīpts利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer殺鹿者

6、William Cullen Bryant威廉·柯倫·布萊恩特1794-1878 The Poems1821/1932詩(shī)選:To a Waterfowl致水鳥-----英語(yǔ)中最完美的短詩(shī);Thanatopsis死亡隨想---受墓園派影響; The Whitefooted

Deer白蹄鹿;A Forest Hymn森林賦;The (轉(zhuǎn) 載于:www.zuancaijixie.com 蒲公 英文摘:美國(guó)幽默文學(xué))Flood of Years似水流年

7、Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·愛倫·坡1809-1849（以詩(shī)為詩(shī)；永為世人共賞的偉大抒情詩(shī)人-----葉芝） Tales of the

Grotesque and Arabesque怪誕奇異故事集;Tales故事集;The Fall of the House of

Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Ligeia萊琪兒;Annabel Lee安娜貝爾·李-----歌特風(fēng)格；首開近代偵探小說(shuō)先河，又是法國(guó)象征主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的源頭

Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木兒和其他詩(shī);Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor

Poems艾爾·阿拉夫，帖木兒和其他詩(shī);The Raven and Other Poems烏鴉及其他詩(shī):The Raven烏鴉;The City

in the Sea海城;Israfel 伊斯拉菲爾;To Hellen致海倫

8、Ralf Waldo Emerson拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生1803-1882

Essays散文集:Nature論自然-----新英格蘭超驗(yàn)主義者的宣言書;The American

Scholar論美國(guó)學(xué)者;Divinity;The Oversoul論超靈;Self-reliance論自立;The

Transcendentalist超驗(yàn)主義者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits英國(guó)人的特征;School

Address神學(xué)院演說(shuō)

Concord Hymn康考德頌;The Rhodo杜鵑花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days日子-首開自由詩(shī)之先河

9．Nathaniel Hawthorne納撒尼爾·霍桑1804-1864

Twice-told Tales盡人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年輕的古德曼·布朗;The Scarlet Letter紅字;The House of the Seven

Gables有七個(gè)尖角閣的房子--------心理若們羅曼史;The Blithedale Romance福谷傳奇;The Marble

Faun玉石雕像

10、Hey David Thoreau亨利·大衛(wèi)·梭羅1817-1862 Walden, or Life in the

Woods華騰湖或林中生活;Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience抵制公民政府;A

Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers

11、 Walt Whitman沃爾特·惠特曼1819-1892 Leaves of Grass草葉集:Song of the Broad-Axe闊斧之歌;I hear America Singing我聽見美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花開時(shí);Democratic Vistas民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question流浪漢和罷工問(wèn)題;Song of Myself自我之歌

12、Herman Melville赫爾曼·梅爾維爾1819-1891 Moby Dick/The White

Whale莫比·迪克/白鯨；Typee泰比;Omoo奧穆;Mardi瑪?shù)?Redburn雷得本;White Jacket白外衣;Pierre皮爾埃;Piazza廣場(chǎng)故事;Billy Budd比利·巴德

13、Hey Wadsworth Longfellow亨利·沃茲沃思·朗費(fèi)羅1807-1882 The Song of

Hiawatha海華沙之歌----美國(guó)人寫的第一部印第安人史詩(shī);Voices of the Night夜吟;Ballads and Other

Poens民謠及其他詩(shī);Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布魯茨的鐘樓及其他詩(shī);Tales of a Wayside

Inn路邊客棧的故事---詩(shī)集：An April Day四月的一天/A Psalm of Life人生禮物/Paul Revere’s

Ride保羅·里維爾的夜奔;Evangeline伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles

Standish邁爾斯·斯坦迪什的求婚----敘事長(zhǎng)詩(shī)；Poems on Slavery奴役篇---反蓄奴組詩(shī)

14、John Greenleaf Whittier約翰·格林里夫·惠蒂埃1807-1892 Poems Written During the Progress of the Abolition Question廢奴問(wèn)題;Voice of Freedom自由之聲;In War Time

and Other Poems內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時(shí)期所作;Snow-Bound大雪封門;The Tent on the Beach and Other Poems海灘的帳篷Ichabod艾卡博德;A Winter Idyl冬日田園詩(shī)

15、Harriet Beecher Stowe哈麗特·比徹·斯托1811-1896 Uncle Tom’s Cabin湯姆叔叔的小屋;A Tale

of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德陰暗大沼地的故事片;The Minister’s Wooing牧師的求婚;The Pearl

of Orr’s Island奧爾島的珍珠;Oldtown Folks老城的人們

16、Frederick Douglass弗萊德里克·道格拉斯1817-1895 Narrative of the Life of

Frederick Douglass an American Slave弗萊德里克·道格拉斯，一個(gè)美國(guó)黑人的自述/My Bondage and My

Freedom我的枷鎖與我的自由/The life and Time of Frederick Douglass弗萊德里克·道格拉斯的生平與時(shí)代

17、Emily Dickinson埃米莉·迪金森1830-1886 The Poems of Emily

Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森詩(shī)集-----“Tell all the truth and tell it slant”迂回曲折的，玄學(xué)的

18、 Mark Twain馬克·吐溫（Samuel Longhorne Clemens）---美國(guó)文學(xué)的一大里程碑 The Celebrated

Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉維拉縣有名的跳蛙;The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出國(guó)記;The

Gilded Age鍍金時(shí)代;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer湯姆·索耶歷險(xiǎn)記;The Prince and the Pauper王子與貧兒;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記;A Connecticut

Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亞瑟王宮中的美國(guó)佬;The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威爾遜;Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·達(dá)克;The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg敗壞哈德萊堡的人

How to Tell a Story怎樣講故事---對(duì)美國(guó)早期幽默文學(xué)的總結(jié)

19、Francis Bret Harte哈特1836-1902 The Luck of Roaring

Camp咆哮營(yíng)的幸運(yùn)兒------鄉(xiāng)土文學(xué)作家

20、 William Dean Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威爾斯1837-1920 The Rise of Silas

Lapham賽拉斯·拉帕姆的發(fā)跡;A Modern Instance現(xiàn)代婚姻; A Hazard of Now Fortunes時(shí)來(lái)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);A

Traveller from Altruia從利他國(guó)來(lái)的旅客;Through the Eye of the

Needle透過(guò)針眼----烏托邦小說(shuō);Criticism and Fiction;Novel-Writing and

Novel-Reading小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作與小說(shuō)閱讀

21、Hey Adams享利·亞當(dāng)斯1838-1918 History of the United States During the Administration of Jefferson and Madison(歷史著作)；The Education of Hey

Adams:An Autobiography享利·亞當(dāng)斯的教育

22、William James威廉·詹姆斯1842-1910(首提“意識(shí)流”理論) Principles of

Psychology心理學(xué)原理；The Will to Believe信仰的意志；Pragmatism:A New Name for Some

Old Ways of Thinking實(shí)用主義：某些舊思想方法的新名稱；The Meaning of Truth真理的意義

23、 Hey James享利·詹姆斯1843-1916 小說(shuō)：Daisy Miller苔瑟·米樂(lè)；The Portrait of a Lady貴婦人畫像；The Bostonians波士頓人；The Real Thing and Other Tales真貨色及其他故事；The

Wings of the Dove鴿翼；The Ambassadors大使；The Golden Bowl金碗

評(píng)論集：French Poets and Novelists法國(guó)詩(shī)人和小說(shuō)家;Hawthorne霍桑;Partial

Portraits不完全的畫像;Notes and Reviews札記與評(píng)論;Art of Fiction and Other Essays小說(shuō)藝術(shù)

24、Ambrose Bierce安布羅斯·畢爾斯1842-1914? 小品集：The Fiend’s Deligh魔鬼的樂(lè)趣;Nuggests

and Dust Panned out in California在加利福尼亞淘出的金塊和金粉;Cobwebs from an Empty

Skull來(lái)自空腦殼的蜘蛛網(wǎng)

短篇小說(shuō)集：Tales of Soldiers and Civilians軍民故事;In the Midst of Life在人生中間;Can Such Things Be?這種事情可能嗎？The Devil’s Dictionary魔鬼詞典(The Applicant申請(qǐng)者)

25、Edward Bellamy愛德華·貝拉米1850-1898 Looking

Backward:2000-1887回顧：從2000看1887年；Equality平等；The Duke of Sockbridge:A Romance of Shay’s Rebellion斯托克布里奇的公爵：雪司起義的故事;The Blindman’s World and

Other Stories育人的世界及其他

26、Edwin Charles Markham馬卡姆1852-1940 The Man With the Hoe荷鋤人

27、 Charles Waddell Chesnutt查爾斯·契斯納特1858-1932 The Conjure Woman巫女;The Wife

of His Youth and Other Stories of the Color Line他青年時(shí)代的妻子(The Sheriff’s Children警長(zhǎng)的兒女)(the pioneer of the color line);The Marrow of Tradition一脈相承

28、Hamlin Garland漢姆林·加蘭1860-1940 Crumbling Idol崩潰的偶像（真實(shí)主義veritism）;Man

Travelled Roads大路(The Return of a Private三等兵歸來(lái));Rose of Ducher’s

Cooly荷蘭人山谷中的露斯;A Son of the Middle Border中部邊地農(nóng)家子

29、O·Hey歐·享利（William Sidney Porter）1862-1910 The Man Higher Up黃雀在后;Sixes and Sevens七上八下

30、 Edith Wharton伊迪斯·華頓1862-1937 The House of Mirth歡樂(lè)之家;Ethan Frome;Bunner

Sister班納姐妹;The Age of Innocent天真時(shí)代;The Customs of the Country鄉(xiāng)村習(xí)俗;A Backward Glance回首往事

32、George Santayana桑塔亞那1863-1952 Scepticism and Animal Faith懷疑主義與動(dòng)物性信仰;The

Realms Being存在諸領(lǐng)域（本質(zhì)/物質(zhì)/真理/精神領(lǐng)域：4卷）(Relativity of Knowledge);Three Philosphical Poets三大哲學(xué)詩(shī)人；Poems(A Minuet:On Reaching the Age of

Fifty小步舞曲：五十書懷);The Last Puritan最后的清教徒

33、William E·B Dubois威廉·艾伯·杜波依斯1868-1963 Souls of Black Folk黑人的靈魂(Of Booker T Washington and Others);The Suppression of the African Slave Trade

into the USA制止非洲奴隸貿(mào)易進(jìn)入美國(guó);The Philadephia Negro;John Brown;The Black Flame黑色的火焰（三部曲）

34、Edgar Lee Masters埃德加·李·馬斯特斯1868-1950 A Book of

Verse詩(shī)集;Maximilian馬克西米連（詩(shī)集）;

Spoon River Anthology斯普恩河詩(shī)集(Lucinda Matlock魯欣達(dá)·馬物羅克)

35、 Edwin Arlington Robinson魯賓遜1869-1935 Captain Craig克雷格上尉---詩(shī)體小說(shuō)；The

Town Down the River河上的城鎮(zhèn);The Man Against the Sky襯托著天空的人;Avon’s Harvest沃馮的收成;Collected Poems詩(shī)集

36、Frank Norris弗蘭克·諾里斯1870-1902 Moran of the Lady

Letty茱蒂夫人號(hào)上的莫蘭（romantic）;Mc-Teague麥克提格（naturalistic）;The Epic of the Wheat(realistic)小麥詩(shī)史(The Octopus章魚,The Pit小麥交易所);A Deal in Wheat and Other

Stories of the Old and New West小麥交易所及其他新老西部故事

37、Stephen Crane斯蒂芬·克萊恩1871-1900 Magic:A Girl of the

Streets街頭女郎梅姬（美國(guó)文學(xué)史上首次站在同情立場(chǎng)上描寫受辱婦女的悲慘命運(yùn)）；The Red Badge of

Courage紅色英勇勛章；The Open Boat小劃子;The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘來(lái)到黃天鎮(zhèn)

38、 Theodore Dreiser西奧多·德萊塞1871-1945 Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹;Jennie

Gerhardt珍妮姑娘;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic);An

American Tragedy美國(guó)的悲劇（被稱為美國(guó)最偉大的小說(shuō)）;Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗

39、Paul Laurence Dumbar保爾·勞倫斯·鄧巴1872-1906 We Wear the Mask我們帶著面具 他是美國(guó)第一個(gè)有成就的黑人詩(shī)人，被稱為“黑種人的桂冠詩(shī)人”(Poet Laureate of the Negro

美國(guó)幽默文學(xué)篇二：美國(guó)文學(xué)作品總匯

1、Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富蘭克林1706-1790 A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard’s Almanack窮查理歷書；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自傳

2、Thomas Paine托馬斯·潘恩1737-1809 The Case of the Officers of Excise稅務(wù)員問(wèn)題；Common Sense常識(shí)；American Crisis美國(guó)危機(jī)；Rights of Man人的權(quán)利：Downfall of Despotism專制體制的崩潰；The Age of Reason理性時(shí)代

3、Philip Freneau菲利普·弗倫諾1752-1832 The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英國(guó)囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans紀(jì)念美國(guó)勇士-----同類詩(shī)中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金銀花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殯葬地

4、Washington Irving華盛頓·歐文1783-1859 A History of New York紐約的歷史-----美國(guó)人寫的第一部詼諧文學(xué)杰作；The Sketch Book見聞札記The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的傳說(shuō)-----使之成為美國(guó)第一個(gè)獲得國(guó)際聲譽(yù)的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田莊；Talks of Travellers旅客談；The Alhambra阿爾罕伯拉

5、James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯·費(fèi)尼莫爾·庫(kù)珀1789-1851 The Spy間諜;The Pilot領(lǐng)航者;The Littlepage Manus cripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer殺鹿者

6、William Cullen Bryant威廉·柯倫·布萊恩特1794-1878 The Poems1821/1932詩(shī)選:To a Waterfowl致水鳥-----英語(yǔ)中最完美的短詩(shī);Thanatopsis死亡隨想---受墓園派影響; The Whitefooted Deer白蹄鹿;A Forest Hymn森林賦;The Flood of Years似水流年

7、Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·愛倫·坡1809-1849（以詩(shī)為詩(shī)；永為世人共賞的偉大抒情詩(shī)人-----葉芝） Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪誕奇異故事集;Tales故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Ligeia萊琪兒;Annabel Lee安娜貝爾·李-----歌特風(fēng)格；首開近代偵探小說(shuō)先河，又是法國(guó)象征主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的源頭Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木兒和其他詩(shī);Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems艾爾·阿拉夫，帖木兒和其他詩(shī);The Raven and Other Poems烏鴉及其他詩(shī):The Raven烏鴉;The City in the Sea海城;Israfel 伊斯拉菲爾;To Hellen致海倫

8、Ralf Waldo Emerson拉爾夫·沃爾多·愛默生1803-1882 Essays散文集:Nature論自然-----新英格蘭超驗(yàn)主義者的宣言書;The American Scholar論美國(guó)學(xué)者;Divinity;The Oversoul論超靈;Self-reliance論自立;The Transcendentalist超驗(yàn)主義者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits英國(guó)人的特征;School Address神學(xué)院演說(shuō)Concord Hymn康考德頌;The Rhodo杜鵑花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days日子-首開自由詩(shī)之先河

9．Nathaniel Hawthorne納撒尼爾·霍桑1804-1864 Twice-told Tales盡人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年輕的古德曼·布朗;The Scarlet Letter紅字;The House of the Seven Gables有七個(gè)尖角閣的房子--------心理若們羅曼史;The Blithedale

Romance福谷傳奇;The Marble Faun玉石雕像

10、Hey David Threau亨利·大衛(wèi)·梭羅1817-1862 Wadden,or Life in the Woods華騰湖或林中生活;Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience抵制公民政府;A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers

11、Walt Whitman沃爾特·惠特曼1819-1892 Leaves of Grass草葉集:Song of the Broad-Axe闊斧之歌;I hear America Singing我聽見美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花開時(shí);Democratic Vistas民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question流浪漢和罷工問(wèn)題;Song of Myself自我之歌

12、Herman Melville赫爾曼·梅爾維爾1819-1891 Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鯨；Typee泰比;Omoo奧穆;Mardi瑪?shù)?Redburn雷得本;White Jacket白外衣;Pierre皮爾埃;Piazza廣場(chǎng)故事;Billy Budd比利·巴德

13、Hey Wadsworth Longfellow亨利·沃茲沃思·朗費(fèi)羅1807-1882 The Song of Hiawatha海華沙之歌----美國(guó)人寫的第一部印第安人史詩(shī);Voices of the Night夜吟;Ballads and Other Poens民謠及其他詩(shī);Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布魯茨的鐘樓及其他詩(shī);Tales of a Wayside Inn路邊客棧的故事---詩(shī)集：An April Day四月的一天/A Psalm of Life人生禮物/Paul Revere’s Ride保羅·里維爾的夜奔;Evangeline伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles Standish邁爾斯·斯坦迪什的求婚----敘事長(zhǎng)詩(shī)；Poems on Slavery奴役篇---反蓄奴組詩(shī)

14、John Greenleaf Whittier約翰·格林里夫·惠蒂埃1807-1892 Poems Written During the Progress of the Abolition Question廢奴問(wèn)題;Voice of Freedom自由之聲;In War Time and Other Poems內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時(shí)期所作;Snow-Bound大雪封門;The Tent on the Beach and Other Poems海灘的帳篷Ichabod艾卡博德;A Winter Idyl冬日田園詩(shī)

15、Harriet Beecher Stowe哈麗特·比徹·斯托1811-1896 Uncle Tom’s Cabin湯姆叔叔的小屋;A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德陰暗大沼地的故事片;The Minister’s Wooing牧師的求婚;The Pearl of Orr’s Island奧爾島的珍珠;Oldtown Folks老城的人們

16、Frederick Douglass弗萊德里克·道格拉斯1817-1895 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass an American Slave弗萊德里克·道格拉斯，一個(gè)美國(guó)黑人的自述/My Bondage and My Freedom我的枷鎖與我的自由/The life and Time of Frederick Douglass弗萊德里克·道格拉斯的生平與時(shí)代

17、Emily Dickinson埃米莉·迪金森1830-1886 The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森詩(shī)集-----“Tell all the truth and tell it slant”迂回曲折的，玄學(xué)的

18、 Mark Twain馬克·吐溫（Samuel Longhorne Clemens）---美國(guó)文學(xué)的一大里程碑 The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉維拉縣有名的跳蛙;The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出國(guó)記;The Gilded Age鍍金時(shí)代;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer湯姆·索耶歷險(xiǎn)記;The

Prince and the Pauper王子與貧兒;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記;A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亞瑟王宮中的美國(guó)佬;The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威爾遜;Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·達(dá)克;The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg敗壞哈德萊堡的人How to Tell a Story怎樣講故事---對(duì)美國(guó)早期幽默文學(xué)的總結(jié)

19、Francis Bret Harte哈特1836-1902 The Luck of Roaring Camp咆哮營(yíng)的幸運(yùn)兒------鄉(xiāng)土文學(xué)作家

20、 William Dean Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威爾斯1837-1920 The Rise of Silas Lapham賽拉斯·拉帕姆的發(fā)跡;A Modern Instance現(xiàn)代婚姻; A Hazard of Now Fortunes時(shí)來(lái)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);A Traveller from Altruia從利他國(guó)來(lái)的旅客;Through the Eye of the Needle透過(guò)針眼----烏托邦小說(shuō);Criticism and Fiction;Novel-Writing and Novel-Reading小說(shuō)創(chuàng)作與小說(shuō)閱讀

21、Hey Adams享利·亞當(dāng)斯1838-1918 History of the United States During the Administration of Jefferson and Madison(歷史著作)；The Education of Hey Adams:An Autobiography享利·亞當(dāng)斯的教育

22、 William James威廉·詹姆斯1842-1910(首提“意識(shí)流”理論) Principles of Psychology心理學(xué)原理；The Will to Believe信仰的意志；Pragmatism:A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking實(shí)用主義：某些舊思想方法的新名稱；The Meaning of Truth真理的意義

23、 Hey James享利·詹姆斯1843-1916 小說(shuō)：Daisy Miller苔瑟·米樂(lè)；The Portrait of a Lady貴婦人畫像；The Bostonians波士頓人；The Real Thing and Other Tales真貨色及其他故事；The Wings of the Dove鴿翼；The Ambassadors大使；The Golden Bowl金碗評(píng)論集：French Poets and Novelists法國(guó)詩(shī)人和小說(shuō)家;Hawthorne霍桑;Partial Portraits不完全的畫像;Notes and Reviews札記與評(píng)論;Art of Fiction and Other Essays小說(shuō)藝術(shù)

24、Ambrose Bierce安布羅斯·畢爾斯1842-1914? 小品集：The Fiend’s Deligh魔鬼的樂(lè)趣;Nuggests and Dust Panned out in California在加利福尼亞淘出的金塊和金粉;Cobwebs from an Empty Skull來(lái)自空腦殼的蜘蛛網(wǎng)短篇小說(shuō)集：Tales of Soldiers and Civilians軍民故事;In the Midst of Life在人生中間;Can Such Things Be?這種事情可能嗎？The Devil’s Dictionary魔鬼詞典(The Applicant申請(qǐng)者)

25、Edward Bellamy愛德華·貝拉米1850-1898 Looking Backward:2000-1887回顧：從2000看1887年；Equality平等；The Duke of Sockbridge:A Romance of Shay’s Rebellion斯托克布里奇的公爵：雪司起義的故事;The Blindman’s World and Other Stories育人的世界及其他

26、Edwin Charles Markham馬卡姆1852-1940 The Man With the Hoe荷鋤人

27、 Charles Waddell Chesnutt查爾斯·契斯納特1858-1932 The Conjure Woman巫女;The Wife of His Youth and Other Stories of the Color Line他青年時(shí)代的妻子(The Sheriff’s Children警長(zhǎng)的兒女)(the pioneer of the color line);The Marrow of Tradition一脈相承

28、Hamlin Garland漢姆林·加蘭1860-1940 Crumbling Idol崩潰的偶像（真實(shí)主義veritism）;Man Travelled Roads大路(The Return of a Private三等兵歸來(lái));Rose of Ducher’s Cooly荷蘭人山谷中的露斯;A Son of the Middle Border中部邊地農(nóng)家子

29、O·Hey歐·享利（William Sidney Porter）1862-1910 The Man Higher Up黃雀在后;Sixes and Sevens七上八下

30、 Edith Wharton伊迪斯·華頓1862-1937 The House of Mirth歡樂(lè)之家;Ethan Frome;Bunner Sister班納姐妹;The Age of Innocent天真時(shí)代;The Customs of the Country鄉(xiāng)村習(xí)俗;A Backward Glance回首往事

32、George Santayana桑塔亞那1863-1952 Scepticism and Animal Faith懷疑主義與動(dòng)物性信仰;The Realms Being存在諸領(lǐng)域（本質(zhì)/物質(zhì)/真理/精神領(lǐng)域：4卷）(Relativity of Knowledge);Three Philosphical Poets三大哲學(xué)詩(shī)人；Poems(A Minuet:On Reaching the Age of Fifty小步舞曲：五十書懷);The Last Puritan最后的清教徒

33、William E·B Dubois威廉·艾伯·杜波依斯1868-1963 Souls of Black Folk黑人的靈魂(Of Booker T Washington and Others);The Suppression of the African Slave Trade into the USA制止非洲奴隸貿(mào)易進(jìn)入美國(guó);The Philadephia Negro;John Brown;The Black Flame黑色的火焰（三部曲）

34、Edgar Lee Masters埃德加·李·馬斯特斯1868-1950 A Book of Verse詩(shī)集;Maximilian馬克西米連（詩(shī)集）;Spoon River Anthology斯普恩河詩(shī)集(Lucinda Matlock魯欣達(dá)·馬物羅克)

35、Edwin Arlington Robinson魯賓遜1869-1935 Captain Craig克雷格上尉---詩(shī)體小說(shuō)；The Town Down the River河上的城鎮(zhèn);The Man Against the Sky襯托著天空的人;Avon’s Harvest沃馮的收成;Collected Poems詩(shī)集

36、Frank Norris弗蘭克·諾里斯1870-1902 Moran of the Lady Letty茱蒂夫人號(hào)上的莫蘭（romantic）;Mc-Teague麥克提格（naturalistic）;The Epic of the Wheat(realistic)小麥詩(shī)史(The Octopus章魚,The Pit小麥交易所);A Deal in Wheat and Other Stories of the Old and New West小麥交易所及其他新老西部故事

37、Stephen Crane斯蒂芬·克萊恩1871-1900 Magic:A Girl of the Streets街頭女郎梅姬（美國(guó)文學(xué)史上首次站在同情立場(chǎng)上描寫受辱婦女的悲慘命運(yùn)）；The Red Badge of Courage紅色英勇勛章；The Open Boat小劃子;The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘來(lái)到黃天鎮(zhèn)

38、 Theodore Dreiser西奧多·德萊塞1871-1945 Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹;Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic);An American Tragedy美國(guó)的悲劇（被稱為美國(guó)最偉大的小說(shuō)）;Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗

39、Paul Laurence Dumbar保爾·勞倫斯·鄧巴1872-1906 We Wear the Mask我們帶著面具他是美國(guó)第一個(gè)有成就的黑人詩(shī)人，被稱為“黑種人的桂冠詩(shī)人”(Poet Laureate of the Negro Race)

40、 Jack London杰克·倫敦1876-1916 The Son of the Wolf狼之子,The Call of the Wild野性的呼喚;The Sea-wolf海狼;White Fang白獠牙;The People of the Abyss深淵中的人們;The Iron Heel鐵蹄;Marti Eden馬丁·伊登;How I become a Socialist我怎樣成為社會(huì)黨人;The War of the Classes階級(jí)之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng);What Life Means to Me生命對(duì)我意味著什么;Revolution革命;Love of Life熱愛生命;The Mexican墨西哥人;Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下

41、Upton Sinclair厄普頓·辛克萊爾1878-1968 Spring and Harvest春天與收獲;The Jungle屠場(chǎng)（揭發(fā)黑幕運(yùn)動(dòng)的代表作家）;King Coal煤炭大王;Oil石油;Boston波士頓;Dragon’s Teeth龍齒

42、Irving Babbitt歐文·白壁德1865-1933（新人文主義主要代表） Literature and the American College文學(xué)與美國(guó)學(xué)院（）要求恢復(fù)古典文學(xué)教學(xué);The New Laokoon新拉奧孔;Rousseau and Romanticism盧梭與浪漫主義;Democracy and Leadership民主與領(lǐng)導(dǎo);On being Creative論創(chuàng)造性

43、 Villa Sibert Cather維拉·凱塞1873-1947 O,Pioneers啊，先驅(qū)們;My Antonia我的安東尼亞;The Professor’s House教授之家;Death Comes for the Archibishop大主教之死

44、Gertrude Stein格特魯?shù)隆に固挂?874-1946 The Autobiography of Alice B Toklas愛麗絲·托克拉斯的自傳；Tender Button溫柔的鈕扣

45、 Robert Frest羅伯特·弗羅斯特1874-1963 A Boy’s Wish少年心愿；North of Boston波士頓之北(Mending Wall修墻,After Apple-picking摘蘋果之后);Mountain Interval山間（成熟階段）(The Road Not taken沒(méi)有選擇的道路);West-running Brook西流的溪澗;A Further Range又一片牧場(chǎng);A Witness Tree一株作證的樹

46、Sherwood Anderson舍伍德·安德森1876-1941 Windy McPherson’s Son饒舌的麥克斐遜的兒子;Marching Men前進(jìn)中的人們;Mid-American Chants美國(guó)中部之歌;Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of the Grotesque俄亥俄州的溫斯堡/畸人志;Poor White窮苦的白人;Many Marriages多種婚姻;Dark Laughter陰沉的笑聲The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories雞蛋的勝利和其他故事;Death in the Woods and Other Stories林中之死及其他故事;I Want to Know Why我想知道為什么

47、 Carl Sandburg卡爾·桑德堡1878-1967 Always the Young Stranger永遠(yuǎn)是陌生的年輕人s;In Reckless Ecstasy肆無(wú)忌憚的狂熱;The Prairie Years草原的年代一、二;The War Years戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的年代（林肯傳記）;The American Songbag美國(guó)歌袋;The People,Yes人民，好;Honey and Salt蜜與鹽;Corn-huskers輾米機(jī)（Fog霧）;Smoke and Steel煙與鋼

48、Wallace Stevens華萊士·史蒂文斯1879-1955 Harmonium風(fēng)琴;The Man With the Blue

美國(guó)幽默文學(xué)篇三：美國(guó)文學(xué)總結(jié)

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The romantic age Romanticism: It is aassociated with imagination and creation of individuality. Romantic writers attach importance to the portrayal of figures of distinctive characters

One of the characteristics: it took a predominantly philosophical tone

I. Background

A. At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, romanticism occurred and developed in Europe.

B. American Puritanism清教

Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church. As the word itself hints, Puritans wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices. They are a group of highly religious and serious people. They are Self-disciplined, sobriety, hard work, thrift, piety without any earthly joy and extravagancy.

C. American was striving for爭(zhēng)取 political, economic, and cultural independence from Britain, radical徹底的 changes took place: Development of industrialism, great immigration, westward expansion, etc. The buoyant令人鼓舞的 mood of the nation called for a new literary expression, and romanticism answered the call.

D. The European influence.

II. Features of the romantic literature

.1.Expressiveness: Wordsworth華滋華斯: ―all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow洋溢 of powerful feeling‖

The romanticists held that the writers should express their emotions, feelings, impressions. 印象, instinct直覺, intuition直覺, or their beliefs in their works instead of the imitation模仿 of the classical writers.

2. Imagination

3. Worship崇拜 of nature

4. Simplicity簡(jiǎn)單: turned to the humble低下的 people and the everyday life，adopted the everyday language

frequently shared certain general characteristics, 浪漫主義之間大多是相通的，都注重道德，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人主義價(jià)值觀和直覺感受，并且認(rèn)為自然是美的源頭，人類社會(huì)是腐敗之源。

III. Representative romanticists:

In poetry: Walt Whitman惠特曼, Emily Dickinson. Hey Longfellow

In fiction: Washington Irving華盛頓·歐文, Nathaniel Hawthorne納撒尼爾·霍桑

Washington Irving(1783 to 1859)

He was the first American author who explored native themes and won an international reputation

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1. Major works

The Sketch Book見聞札記 (1820), which contains two famous folk tales民間故事,

―Rip Van Winkle‖ 瑞普.凡溫克爾

―The Legend of Sleepy Hollow‖ 睡谷的傳說(shuō). The first book by an American writer to achieve international success

3. Rip Van Winkle

3.1. Analysis of the character

Rip Van Winkle: Hen-pecked, good-tempered, well-oiled恭維的, warm-hearted, lazy, care-free, simple-minded, obedient, irresponsible, a little foolish, etc.

His wife: nagging, sharp-tongued, hard-working, uneducated country woman

3.2. Loss and Re-gaining of Rip’s ―Identities‖

Rip – contradictory right from the start

Beginning: easy-going but insistent in not doing housework; helpful to others but no use to his family Identifies with his dog

Contemplates凝視 the landscape

The middle part—a realm of mystery (with silence, strange peals, game and liquor//an escape from the original stage for performing his identities.)

After – changes: (of signs for his identities)

Gone are his dog (alter ego) and the amphitheater; The family and acquaintances– the others to whom the self relates.

a crowd of new faces in the village

Searching for the self by imitation ? he is astonished to discover a beard on his own chin unaccustomed the other parts forming one‘s identity: fashions of clothing; his village, and his own house.

a double ? "I'm not myself ... I can't tell what's my name, or who I am!―

3.3. Analysis of the theme

1. A story of man who has difficulty in facing his age or the author‘s conservative保守的attitude towards the American Revolution and the young Republic, and his dissatisfaction with American development

2. Criticism of some teachings of Puritanism: Unceasing持續(xù)不斷的labor, no play, all kinds of pleasures are condemned, greedy for wealth

Express a strong desire for leisure

3. The theme of escape from one‘s responsibility and even one‘s history

4. The loss of identity

3.4. Analysis of writing style

1. The use of humor

Humor (sentences written in a funny way in order to amuse the reader)

Jocular打趣的 humor—Irving (for fun, for amusement)

Satirical humor—Mark Twain (to satire, to criticize)

Tearful humor—O‘ Hey (arouse sympathy on the poor)

Black humor—Joseph Heller (humor in facing death)

2. Graceful, refined優(yōu)雅的, fluent, dignified莊嚴(yán)的 and standard language. His essays are models of English.

3. Romantic imagination and fantasies

4. Vivid and picturesque description of setting

Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804—1864)

Evaluation the great romantic novelist in the nineteenth century and the pioneer of psychological analyst in the history of American literature, whose writings are suffused with allegory寓言 and symbolism.

1.1. Themes of Hawthorne’s writing

1. Explore the relationship between the past and the present

2. Explore the hidden motivations of his characters.

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