光照強(qiáng)度對(duì)白肋煙光合特性及中性致香成分的影響

　　摘 要：以鄂煙6號(hào)為供試材料，在團(tuán)棵期至成熟期通過(guò)人工遮陰，設(shè)置3種透光率水平（100%、80%、60%），探討了不同光照強(qiáng)度對(duì)白肋煙光合特性和中性致香成分等理化性狀的影響。結(jié)果表明，透光率80%處理小區(qū)的煙葉單位面積葉源量明顯高于對(duì)照100%自然光照與60%透光率處理。在遮陰前期，光照強(qiáng)度起主要控制作用，遮陰處理的凈光合速率較�。�100% > 80% > 60%）；而遮陰后期，遮陰處理小區(qū)環(huán)境溫度較低，空氣濕度與空氣中CO2濃度相對(duì)較高，葉片蒸騰速率與氣孔導(dǎo)度增加，凈光合速率高于對(duì)照100%自然光照（100% < 80% < 60%），胞間CO2濃度降低。煙株對(duì)光照變化的適應(yīng)性較強(qiáng)，長(zhǎng)期遮陰能激發(fā)其對(duì)弱光的吸收和轉(zhuǎn)化效率，透光率80%的中性致香成分、感官質(zhì)量、非特異性過(guò)氧化物酶與超氧化物歧化酶活性整體均優(yōu)于100%自然光照。但100%自然光強(qiáng)更能提高煙葉中水溶性糖含量，促進(jìn)煙葉對(duì)水溶性氯、鉀成分的吸收。總的來(lái)看，80%的光照條件下的煙葉品質(zhì)更好，能滿足工業(yè)企業(yè)的配方要求。
　　關(guān)鍵詞：白肋煙；光照強(qiáng)度；光合特性；葉源量；中性致香成分；酶活性
　　中圖分類號(hào)：S572.01 文章編號(hào)：1007-5119（2014）04-0058-06 DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2014.04.011
　　Effects of Light Intensity on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Neutral Aroma Constituents of Burley Tobacco
　　NI Guoshi1， ZUO Mei1， WANG Rui1， WU Wenhao1， XIANG Bikun1， XU Zicheng2*
　�。�1 Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province， Enshi， Hubei 445000， China；
　　2. Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University， Zhengzhou 450002， China）
　　Abstract： To identify the effects of light intensity on photosynthesis of burley tobacco leaves during field stages， and explore the distribution differences of main neutral aroma constituents in cured burley tobacco leaves of different light intensities treatment， artificial shade experiment with 3 light transmittance level （100%， 80%， 60%） from rosette stage to maturation stage was carried out by using Eyan 6 as test material. The results indicated that leaf source capacity per unit area of 80% transmittance level was higher than the other two levels. In the early stage of the shade， light intensity was the major controlling factor， net photosynthetic rate under shading treatment were lower than that under full sunlight （100%>80%>60%）； In the later period， environment temperature under shading treatment was lower， air humidity and CO2 concentration was relatively high in the air， and stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increased， and net photosynthetic rate was higher than CK（100% transmittance level）， but the intercellular CO2 concentration decreased. Tobacco leaves had a strong adaptability to light， and long-term shade could stimulate its absorption and conversion efficiency of weak light. Neutral aroma constituents， sense quality， activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were better than those of 100% full natural light as a whole. But 100% natural light intensity was more advantageous to the increasing of content of soluble sugar， and absorption of water-soluble chloride and potassium in burley tobacco leaves. Through comprehensive analysis， tobacco leaves in 80% transmittance level have better quality and meet the formula requirements of the industrial enterprises.

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