不同烤煙品種中部葉主要品質性狀差異分析

　　摘  要：為掌握不同烤煙品種中部葉主要品質性狀的特征差異，運用描述性統(tǒng)計和方差分析法對我國7個烤煙品種（紅大、翠碧1號、KRK26、秦煙96、云煙85、NC55、龍江911）的160個中部葉原煙樣品進行對比分析。結果表明：（1）7個烤煙品種中部葉外觀質量存在顯著差異，各品種外觀質量總體變異較小，但所有品種中部葉色度以及紅大和KRK26煙葉油分均表現(xiàn)為中等程度變異;（2）7個烤煙品種常規(guī)化學成分和煙氣品質均存在顯著差異，所有品種的常規(guī)化學成分以及云煙85、秦煙96和龍江911煙氣品質均表現(xiàn)為中等程度變異，紅大、NC55、翠碧1號和KRK26煙氣品質變異較小;（3）云煙85外觀質量綜合得分最高81.99分、翠碧1號煙氣品質綜合得分最高64.64分，翠碧1號、云煙85、紅大和KRK26中部葉主要品質性狀優(yōu)于龍江911、秦煙96和NC55。
　　關鍵詞：烤煙;品種;中部葉;外觀質量;化學成分;煙氣品質;量化分析
　　中圖分類號：TS41+1          文章編號：1007-5119（2019）02-0073-07      DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2019.02.011
　　Abstract： In order to understand the variation of main quality traits on middle leaves of different flue-cured tobacco varieties， descriptive statistics and variance analysis were applied to conduct a comparative analysis on 160 raw tobacco samples of the middle leaves of China’s seven flue-cured tobacco varieties （Cuibi 1， Honghuadajinyuan， KRK26， Qinyan 96， Yunyan 85， NC55， Longjiang 911）. The results showed that： （1） there was significant difference in the appearance quality of the middle leaves from the seven flue-cured tobacco varieties， and the overall variation of the appearance quality of the seven flue-cured tobacco varieties was relatively small. However， both the colors of the middle leaves from the seven varieties after modulation and the oil content of Hongda and KRK26 tobacco showed moderate variation; （2） There was significant difference in the conventional chemical constituents as well as smoke quality among the seven flue-cured tobacco varieties. The chemical constituents of all the varieties and smoke quality of Yunyan 85， Qinyan 96， and Longjiang 911 were all of moderate variation. The variation of smoke quality of Hongda， NC55， Cuibi 1， and KRK26 was small; （3） Yunyan 85 ranked first in the appearance quality， whose comprehensive score was 81.99; Cuibi 1 ranked first in smokequality， whose comprehensive score was 64.64; the main quality traits of the middle leaves from Cuibi 1， Yunyan 85， Hongda， and KRK26 were superior to those of Longjiang 911， Qinyan 96， and NC55.
　　烤煙品種是煙葉生產的基礎，對煙葉的產量和品質具有較大影響[1]。就某一特定的生態(tài)環(huán)境而言，品種是影響烤煙質量諸多因素中的最重要的[2-3]，而中部葉品質性狀又很大程度上代表了該品種煙葉風格特征和工業(yè)可用性[4-5]。隨著近幾年煙葉生產技術水平不斷提高，精準施肥、密集烘烤、散葉烘烤等技術在全國各大煙區(qū)逐漸得到普及，各品種煙葉外觀及內在品質也不可避免地受到影響。目前就不同烤煙品種煙葉品質性狀的研究多集中于常規(guī)化學成分[6-8]及其可用性評價[9-11]，并且多以區(qū)域性特征為主。但由于品種特性存在差異，僅局限在某一生態(tài)條件下的研究結論往往難以反映品種間煙葉品質的真實差異。杜堅[12]等首次對全國種植規(guī)模最大的云煙87品種在不同生態(tài)區(qū)初烤煙葉的化學成分及感官風格進行了對比分析，本研究借鑒杜堅等的模式，從全國7個烤煙品種代表性產區(qū)按照統(tǒng)一的取樣等級和評價標準，對7個不同烤煙品種中部葉的主要品質性狀進行橫向對比分析，減少區(qū)域生態(tài)條件的影響，從而有利于更好地認識不同烤煙品種煙葉品質特性，為卷煙工業(yè)企業(yè)采購原料和開發(fā)特色優(yōu)質煙葉提供參考。

相關熱詞搜索：烤煙 性狀 差異 品種 品質