Analysis,of,the,Selfidentity,and,Cultural,Selfcognition,in,Pushing,Hands

　　Abstract：Pushing Hands is the first movie filmed by Ang Lee.In this film， the old Chinese man couldn’t find his identity when he came to live with his son in America.This paper aims to analyze the Chinese and western values and beliefs so as to construct self-identity and cultural self-cognition of their own culture. In this multicultural world，the self-identity and self-cognition are of importance for the development of people.
　　Key words：Interculturalcommunication；self-identity；cultural；self-cognition
　　1 Introduction
　　Chinese director Ang Lee，who has long explored the differences of the Chinese and Western cultures，tried to find the balance between them.Pushing Hands，as well as his Wedding Banquet and Eat Drink Man and Woman are the three representatives of intersections and conflicts of the Chinese and American cultures.The tolerance of the other culture is what the Chinese culture always advocates，harmony but not sameness（Fei Xiaotong，1999）.
　　Both the collectivism and individualism have no clue of what to do if they don’t understand each other’s cultures.Ethnocentrism is the “view of things in which one’s own group is the center of everything，and all others are the scaled and rated with reference to it”（Gudykunst，2008）.In a fixed cultural circumstance，people’s beliefs，values，behaviors remains stable.English scholar George Larrain once pointed that as long as there are the crash of two cultures，conflicts and unbalance will exist no matter what the forms for communication，and the identity problem will happen（2005）.
　　2 The Construct of self-identity
　　Mr Chu is the master of Chinese Tai Ji，he came to American and live with his son after retirement.His son is a typical Chinese who still complies with the filial piety though he has been living in American for long time.Because of the barriers in language communication and cultural values，Mr Chu and his daughter-in-law have unpleasant feelings towards each other. From the eating habits to language，they sticks to their own way.Each of them don’t accept their cultural values and customs.
　　Mr Chu teaches people Tai Ji in Chinatown where he can spare his time without the company of his son.He feels alone.The collectivism in Chinese shows that when he was young，he shouldered the responsibility to raise children，and it’s natural for him to depend on his children when he gets older.
　　3 The Construct of the Cultural Self-cognition
　　Cultural self-cognition refers to a specific individual or group find some sameness or similarities in the cultural communication and crash from each other’s history，cultural characteristics，values and humanistic connotations so that to promoter the closeness and cooperation（Li，2008）.People who first come to a multicultural environment could suffer the problem of this cultural self-cognition.Mr Chu’s son，Xiao Sheng，has been well-lived in America，but in his inner heart，he still manifested the traditional Chinese way of life.Xiao Sheng wants his wife to take care of his father like him.The couple couldn’t find the way to solve the cultural divergence.At last，Xiao Sheng compromised to the reality，he wanted his family harmonious，he must sent his father away.Mr.Chu left his son’s home voluntarily，and worked in a Chinese restaurant where he could only earn subsistence wages.When he was fired because of bad performance of the duty，he refused to leave and he use his Chinese Kung Fu Tai Ji to the rogues and policemen.In there，Mr.Chu found his cultural self-cognition and make Chinese Tai Ji famous.He constructs his cultural self-recognition.He maintains the essence of Chinese Spirits and know he could only live with Chinese characters.
　　4 Conclusion
　　The process of coding and decoding other cultures is the process to deconstruct and reconstruct a person’s own identity and cultural self-cognition.The deconstructing and reconstructing the identity are a long journey.No matter the countries belong to collectivism or individualism，there are the shining parts which can be inherited.
　　References
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　　[2]李其榮.尋求生存方式的同一性——美加新華僑華人的文化認(rèn)同分析[J].東南亞研究，2008，（5）：70.
　　[3]喬治·拉倫，戴從容譯.意識(shí)形態(tài)與文化身份：現(xiàn)代性和第三世界的在場(chǎng)[M].上海：上海教育出版社.
　　[4]Gudykunst，W.B.&Kim，Y.Y.Communication with Strangers： An Approach to International Communication，2008.

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